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| 1 | Hepatitis B and C virus-induced hepatitis: Apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response显示文摘AIM: To investigate the co-incidence of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response(UPR) in hepatitis B(HBV) and C(HCV) infected hepatocytes.METHODS: We performed immunofluorescence confocal microscopy on 10 liver biopsies from HBV and HCV patients and tissue microarrays of HBV positive liver samples. We used specific antibodies for LC3β, cleaved caspase-3, BIP(GRP78), and XBP1 to detect autophagy, apoptosis and UPR, respectively. AntiHCV NS3 and anti-HBs antibodies were also used to confirm infection. We performed triple blind counting of events to determine the co-incidence of autophagy(LC3β punctuate), apoptosis(cleaved caspase-3), and unfolded protein response(GRP78) with HBV and HCV infection in hepatocytes. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software for Windows(Version 16 SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, United States). P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed with Mann-Whitney test to compare incidence rates for autophagy, apoptosis, and UPR in HBV- and HCV-infected cells and adjacent noninfected cells.RESULTS: Our results showed that infection of hepatocytes with either HBV and HCV induces significant increase(P < 0.001) in apoptosis(cleavage of caspase-3), autophagy(LC3β punctate), and UPR(increase in GRP78 expression) in the HCV- and HBVinfected cells, as compared to non-infected cells of the same biopsy sections. Our tissue microarray immunohistochemical expression analysis of LC3β in HBV^(Neg) and HBV^(Pos) revealed that majority of HBVinfected hepatocytes display strong positive stainingfor LC3β. Interestingly, although XBP splicing in HBVinfected cells was significantly higher(P < 0.05), our analyses show a slight increase of XBP splicing was in HCV-infected cells(P > 0.05). Furthermore, our evaluation of patients with HBV and HCV infection based on stage and grade of the liver diseases revealed no correlation between these pathological findings and induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and UPR.CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that HCV and HBV infection activates apoptosis, autophagy and UPR, but slightly differently by each virus. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the interconnections between these pathways in relation to pathology of HCV and HBV in the liver tissue. | Behzad Yeganeh Adel Rezaei Moghadam Javad Alizadeh Emilia Wiechec Seyed Moayed Alavian Mohammad Hashemi Bita Geramizadeh Afshin Samali Kamran Bagheri Lankarani Martin Post Payam Peymani Kevin M Coombs Saeid Ghavami | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，47： | 13 |
| 2 | Intra-familial prevalence of hepatitis B virologic markers in HBsAg positive family members in Nahavand, Iran显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B in Nahavand and evaluate the HBsAg positive prevalence in families with a member who was confirmed to have HBV infection.METHODS: This study was performed in two phases. In the first phase, 1 824 subjects in Nahavand city were selected. The interviewers visited the houses of chosen families to fill the questionnaire and take the blood samples.All subjects signed an informed consent before interviews and blood sampling. The samples were evaluated for HBV virologic markers. In the second phase, 115 HBsAg-positive cases were enrolled and evaluated for HBV virologic markers.RESULTS: The prevalence of positive HBsAg in Nahavand was 2.3%. The most frequent relatives of index cases were sons and daughters (32.2% and 23.5% respectively).Twelve (11%) of all family members were HBsAg positive.Fifty (56.2%) were isolated HBsAb positive and only one person (2.5%) was isolated HBcAb positive. The higher rates of HBsAg marker were detected in the brothers (1-25%) and fathers (1-12.5%). The infection rate in husbands and wives of index cases was 10%. Only two (16.7%) of all HBsAg-positive participants reported previous HBV vaccination.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of intra-familial HBV infection is lower in Nahavand of Iran compared to other studies.More attention should be paid to HBV vaccination and risk-lowering activities. | Amir Houshang Mohammad Alizadeh Mitra Ranjbar Shahin Ansari Seyed Moayed Alavian Hamid Mohaghegh Shalmani Leila Hekmat Mohammad Reza Zali | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，31： | 8 |
| 3 | Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among hemodialysis patients in the Middle-East: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To determine hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection prevalence in each country of the Middle-East and the overall prevalence of the region.METHODS In this systematic review,we gathered all documents related to HCV infection prevalence among hemodialysis patients in 17 middle-east countries from April 2006 to March 2016.We selected only cross-sectional studies that had proper sampling and measurement methods as well as a valid statistical analysis.RESULTS After screening of 7311 documents,56 studies were selected reporting the prevalence of HCV infection among hemodialysis patients from 10 countries of the region.Seven countries including United Arab Emirates,Afghanistan,Qatar,Bahrain,Kuwait,Oman,Israel,and Cyprus did not have any relevant document;thus,their latest reports were just mentioned.We performed the meta-analysis and determined the prevalence rates for each country as well as the whole region.The overall HCV infection prevalence among hemodialysis patients in the region was reported to be 25.3%;Egypt and Syria had the highest reported rates while Iran and Lebanon had the lowest.Further investigations are still needed to provide more reliable databases,find main risk factors,and to improve diagnosis and treatment plans,particularly in higher prevalent countries.CONCLUSION Controlling the prevalence and improving the management methods of HCV infection among hemodialysis patients are of a great concern in the Middle-East region. | Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani Seyed Moayed Alavian Mohammad Salehi-Marzijarani | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，1： | 7 |
| 4 | Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and its related risk factors in drug abuser prisoners in Hamedan-Iran显示文摘AIM: Recent studies in Iran has shown that prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Iranian prisoners is high, in spite of low HCV seroprevalence in general population.METHODS: This study was carried out in the central prison of Hamedan - Iran, in year 2002. Inmates were interviewed using a standard questionnaire including demographic,imprisonment history and HCV-related risk behaviors items. Thereafter, the sera drawn from the participants were tested for anti-HIV and anti-HCV antibodies.RESULTS: A total number of 427 drug abuser inmates participated in our study. Three hundred and ninety-seven (93%) were men and 30 (7%) were women. Total number of Ⅳ drug abusers (IDA) and non-Ⅳ drug abusers (NIDA)was 149 (34.9%) and 278 (65.1%), respectively. The overall rate of antibody positivity among inmates was 0.9% for HIV and 30% for HCV. Of all IDAs, 31.5% and of NIDAs, 29.1% had serological evidence of HCV infection.CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence of HCV infection among drug abuser prisoners in comparison with the general population in Iran, is very high (30% vs in italics 0.2%).Our results indicate the importance of policies to prevent transmission of HCV infection during and following incarceration. | Amir Houshang Mohammad Alizadeh Seyed Moayed Alavian Khalil Jafari Nastaran Yazdi | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，26： | 5 |
| 5 | Elevated alanine aminotransferase activity is not associated with dyslipidemias,but related to insulin resistance and higher disease grades in non-diabetic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Objective:To explore demographic and metabolic factors associated with increased alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity in non-diabetic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)patients.Methods:Overall 372 patients who consecutively attended to Gastroenterology Clinic of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran awere diagnosed as NAFLD entered into analysis.Exclusion criteria were having diabetes mellitus and fasting blood glucose over126 mg/dL,active hepatitis B virus infection,having hepatitis C virus positive serology,and to be under corticosteroid therapy.ALT levels were considered pathologically high when it was over30 IU/L for men and over 19 IU/L for women.Results:Bivariate analyses using t test and chisquare test showed that patients with pathologically augmented ALT levels had significantly higher NAFLD grades in their ultrasonographic evaluations(P=0.003).Moreover,these patients represented significantly higher homeostatic model assessment levels(P=0.003),levels of serum insulin(P=0.002),fasting blood glucose(P<0.001),and uric acid(P=0.02).The prevalence of insulin resistance was also higher in patients with increased serum ALT concentrations.Multifactorial logistic regression models showed that ultrasonographic grading of NAFLD(P=0.027)and insulin resistance(P=0.013)were the only variables significantly associated with abnormal ALT levels.Conclusions:This study shows that the associations of increased ALT serum levels in NAFLD patients are different from what are supposed before.By excluding diabetic patients from our population,we find that increased ALT levels are not associated with dyslipidemias but are independently associated with insulin resistance and NAFLD grading on ultrasonographic evaluations.Further studies are needed to confirm our results. | Mohammad Ebrahim Ghamar-Chehreh Mohsen Amini Hossein Khedmat Seyed Moayed Alavian Fatemeh Daraei Reza Mohtashami Reza Hadi Bent-Al-Hoda Beyram Saeed Taheri | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，9： | 5 |
| 6 | Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and influence of age and gender on histopathologic findings显示文摘AIM:To characterize the histopathologic specifications of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)according to age and gender.METHODS:An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in two private gastroenterology clinics on biopsy proven patients suffering from NASH.Biopsy histopathologic findings as well as demographic and laboratory data of the patients at the time of biopsy were gathered retrospectively from clinical records.The grading and staging of histopathologic findings were performed according to the Brunt method after reevaluation of the slides by a pathologist.Patients were divided into two groups according to age(belowand above 55 years).Mean quantitative grade of all pathologic findings were also calculated according to Brunt scoring values.RESULTS:A total number of 77 NASH patients,consisting of 58 males(75.3%)and 19(24.7%)females with a mean age of 41.99±11.80 years(range,18-70 years),were enrolled.The mean age(48.72±13.99 years vs 39.74±10.16 years,P=0.004)and aspartate aminotransferase level(75.11±29.68 U/L vs 52.78± 25.00 U/L,P=0.002)was significantly higher in female patients.Mean quantitative grade of hepatosteatosis was significantly higher in females(2.00±0.82 vs 1.59 ±0.68,P=0.031)compared to males.Fifty four percent(34/65)of young patients had mild hepatosteatosis (GradeⅠ)while only one patient(11.2%)in the older group had gradeⅠhepatosteatosis.Patients aged≥55 had significantly more severe hepatosteatosis(GradeⅢ) (44.4%vs 9.5%,P=0.007)and the mean quantitative grade of hepatosteatosis was significantly higher among them(2.33±0.71 vs 1.56±0.67,P=0.002).Multivariate analysis after omitting the confounding role of age revealed a higher grade of hepatosteatosis in female patients(P=0.010).CONCLUSION:These findings point toward the possible influence of age in the severity of steatohepatitis,portal and lobar inflammation in patients suffering from NASH while gender independently might contribute to the level of steatohepatitis. | Nargess Ebrahimi Daryani Nasser Ebrahimi Daryani Seyed Moayed Alavian Ali Zare Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad Mohammad Reza Keramati Mohammad Reza Pashaei Peiman Habibollahi | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，33： | 3 |
| 7 | Regulatory T cells are the most important determinant factor of hepatitis B infection prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | Seyed Hossein Aalaei-Andabili Seyed Moayed Alavian | 2012 | Vaccine2012，，38： | 3 |
| 8 | Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains circulating in the northern coast of the Persian Gulf and its comparison with worldwide distribution of HBV subgenotype D1显示文摘 | Mahmoud Reza Pourkarim Valentijn Vergote Samad Amini‐Bavil‐Olyaee Zohre Sharifi Steven Sijmons Philippe Lemey Piet Maes Seyed Moayed Alavian Marc Van Ranst | 2014 | Virol2014，，5： | 1 |
| 9 | High prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers despite prophylaxis with hepatitis B vaccination and HBIG显示文摘 | Sajad Shahmoradi Yousef Yahyapour Mahmood Mahmoodi Seyed Moayed Alavian Zeinab Fazeli Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，3： | 1 |
| 10 | High prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers despite prophylaxis with hepatitis B vaccination and HBIG显示文摘 | Sajad Shahmoradi Yousef Yahyapour Mahmood Mahmoodi Seyed Moayed Alavian Zeinab Fazeli Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Using artifieial neural network to predict cirrhosis in pa tients with chronic hepatitis B infection with seven routine la- boratory findings 显示文摘 | Parviz Vahdani Seyed Moayed Alavian Zohreh Aminzadeh el al | 2010 | Hepatitis Monthly2010，9，46： | 1 |
| 12 | Hepatitis E Virus Infection: A General Review with a Focus on Hemodialysis and Kidney Transplant Patients显示文摘 | Hosseini-moghaddam Seyed Mohammadmehdi Zarei Afagh Alavian Seyed Moayed Mansouri Mehdi | 2010 | American Journal of Nephrology2010，，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Associations between human TRIM22 gene expression and the response to combination therapy with Peg‐IFNα‐2a and ribavirin in Iranian patients with chronic hepatitis C显示文摘 | Farzin Sadeghi Farah Bokharaei‐Salim Mostafa Salehi‐Vaziri Seyed Hamidreza Monavari Seyed Moayed Alavian Shima Salimi Rouhollah Vahabpour Hossein Keyvani | 2014 | J. Med. Virol2014，，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Hepatotoxicity of Halo- genated Inhalational Anesthetics显示文摘 | Saeid Safari Mahsa Motavaf Seyed Alireza Seyed Siamdoust Seyed Moayed Alavian | 2014 | Iran Red Crescent Med J2014，16，20： | 1 |
| 15 | Hepatitis C in Hemodialysis Patients: Current Global Magnitude, Natural History, Diagnostic Difficulties, and Preventive Measures显示文摘 | Rahnavardi Mohammad Hosseini Moghaddam Seyed Mohammadmehdi Alavian Seyed Moayed | 2008 | American Journal of Nephrology2008，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | The Changing Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis B in Iran 显示文摘 | Seyed Moayed Alavian Farahnaz Fallahian Kamran Bagheri Lan-kar | 2007 | Gastrointesti Liver Dis2007，12，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Hepatitis C resistance to NS5A inhibitors:Is it going to be a problem?显示文摘Treatment of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection has evolved greatly through the recent decade. The availability of direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs) targeting the functional proteins of HCV has resulted in the introduction of DAA-based combination therapies,providing an optimal rate of treatment success. Among the DAAs,NS5 A inhibitors are used in most of the introduced and approved HCV antiviral regimens. Resistance-associated substitutions(RASs) are amino acid substitutions in HCV protein sequences that result in decreased antiviral efficacy of the HCV DAAs. Among the HCV RASs,the NS5 A RASs were found to effectively modify and decrease treatment response to NS5 A inhibitor-containing regimens. As a baseline predictor of treatment response,NS5 A RAS draws attention for pretreatment testing in targeted patient groups. Given NS5 A RASs are either naturally-occurring or DAA-selected,the application of NS5 A RAS testing can be considered in two settings of NS5 A inhibitor-na?ve patients and NS5 A inhibitor-experienced patients. Less than 5% of NS5 A inhibitor-na?ve patients harbor naturally-occurring NS5 A RAS with high resistance level(> 100 X resistance foldchange). In NS5 A inhibitor-na?ve patients,NS5 A RAS testing accompanied by treatment optimization cannot increase treatment response more than 2%-3%,while in NS5 A inhibitor-experienced patients,> 75% are found to have NS5 A RASs > 100 X and NS5 A RAS testing in this group of patients seems to be reasonable. This editorial will address the debate on the application of NS5 A RAS testing and will discuss if the NS5 A RAS testing has any role in clinical management of hepatitis C. | Heidar Sharafi Seyed Moayed Alavian | 2018 | World Journal of Hepatology2018，10，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Anxiety and depression affects life and sleep quality in adults with beta-thalassemia显示文摘 | Bashir Hajibeigi Azita Azarkeyvan Seyed Moayed Alavian Maryam Moghani Lankarani Shervin Assari | 2009 | Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion2009，，2： | 1 |
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