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| 1 | Linking atmospheric pollution to cryospheric change in the Third Pole region: current progress and future prospects显示文摘The Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings are known as the Third Pole(TP). This region is noted for its high rates of glacier melt and the associated hydrological shifts that affect water supplies in Asia. Atmospheric pollutants contribute to climatic and cryospheric changes through their effects on solar radiation and the albedos of snow and ice surfaces; moreover, the behavior and fates within the cryosphere and environmental impacts of environmental pollutants are topics of increasing concern. In this review, we introduce a coordinated monitoring and research framework and network to link atmospheric pollution and cryospheric changes(APCC) within the TP region. We then provide an up-to-date summary of progress and achievements related to the APCC research framework, including aspects of atmospheric pollution’s composition and concentration, spatial and temporal variations, trans-boundary transport pathways and mechanisms, and effects on the warming of atmosphere and changing in Indian monsoon, as well as melting of glacier and snow cover. We highlight that exogenous air pollutants can enter into the TP’s environments and cause great impacts on regional climatic and environmental changes. At last, we propose future research priorities and map out an extended program at the global scale. The ongoing monitoring activities and research facilitate comprehensive studies of atmosphere–cryosphere interactions, represent one of China’s key research expeditions to the TP and the polar regions and contribute to the global perspective of earth system science. | Shichang Kang Qianggong Zhang Yun Qian Zhenming Ji Chaoliu Li Zhiyuan Cong Yulan Zhang Junming Guo Wentao Du Jie Huang Qinglong You Arnico K.Panday Maheswar Rupakheti Deliang Chen Orjan Gustafsson Mark H.Thiemens Dahe Qin | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，4： | 35 |
| 2 | Mercury speciation and spatial distribution in surface waters of the Yarlung Zangbo River,Tibet显示文摘The Yarlung Zangbo River is the highest river in the world.It flows from west to east through the southern part of Tibet.The mercury(Hg)speciation and distribution in surface waters and soils near the bank of the Yarlung Zangbo River and its two tributaries,the Lhasa and Niyang Rivers,were investigated in June 2007.Simultaneously,major water quality parameters were also measured at the same stations.Total Hg(THg)and total methylmercury(TMeHg)concentrations in surface waters of the Yarlung Zangbo River ranged from 1.46 to 4.99 ng/L and from 0.06 to 0.29 ng/L,respectively,representing the background levels in river systems of the Tibetan Plateau.Particulate Hg(PHg)accounted for 69%of the THg,and the two Hg species had a significant relationship(r=0.990,P<0.01).Approximately 61%of the spatial distribution of THg was controlled by the concentrations of total suspended particles(TSP).Reactive Hg(RHg)concentrations ranged from 0.10 to 0.36 ng/L,and this fraction may play a weak role in terms of the transport and fate of Hg in surface waters.Dissolved methylmercury(DMeHg)constituted 71%of the TMeHg and was significantly correlated with TMeHg(r=0.746,P<0.01).The spatial distribution of TMeHg is not strongly affected by environmental factors such as THg,RHg,temperature,pH,dissolved organic carbon(DOC),and TSP.In addition,the inflow of both the Lhasa and Niyang Rivers probably influences the concentrations of THg in surface waters of the mainstream, but such an effect is not obvious for TMeHg. | ZHENG Wei KANG ShiChang FENG XinBin ZHANG QiangGong LI ChaoLiu | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，24： | 11 |
| 3 | Review of the studies on climate change since the last inter-glacial period on the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘As the “Third Pole” of the world, the Tibetan Plateau has important effects on climate of its surrounding areas and even the whole world. Many results have been achieved on climate change since the last inter-glacial period in recent decades from ice core, tree-ring and lake sediment records over the Tibetan Plateau. In this paper, we review these achievements, especially those in the special periods. During the last inter-glacial period, temperature went down rapidly and went up slowly. The temperature record of the last glacial period is consistent with Greenland ice core records, also having own features over the Tibetan Plateau. Younger Dryas event agrees with the records from Europe and Greenland. Generally speaking, it is warm in the Holocene, and temperature has been rising gradually in the last 2000 years and gone up rapidly in recent decades. Climate changes on different time scales on the Tibetan Plateau occurred earlier and the change amplitude is larger than those in other parts of China. | LI Chaoliu KANG Shichang | 2006 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2006，16，3： | 10 |
| 4 | Light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan: concentrations and potential impact on albedo reduction显示文摘Light-absorbing impurities on glaciers are important factors that influence glacial surface albedo and accelerate glacier melt. In this study, the quantity of light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan, Central Asia, was measured. We found that the average concentrations of black carbon was 2,180 ng/g, with a range from 250 ng/g to more than 10,000 ng/g. The average concentrations of organic carbon and mineral dust were 1,738 ng/g and 194 μg/g, respectively. Based on simulations performed with the Snow Ice Aerosol Radiative model simulations, black carbon and dust are responsible for approximately 64% and 9%, respectively, of the albedo reduction, and are associated with instantaneous radiative forcing of 323.18 W/m2(ranging from 142.16 to 619.25 W/m2) and 24.05 W/m2(ranging from 0.15 to69.77 W/m2), respectively. For different scenarios, the albedo and radiative forcing effect of black carbon is considerably greater than that of dust. The estimated radiative forcing at Keqikaer Glacier is higher than most similar values estimated by previous studies on the Tibetan Plateau, perhaps as a result of black carbon enrichment by melt scavenging. Light-absorbing impurities deposited on Keqikaer Glacier appear to mainly originate from central Asia, Siberia, western China(including the Taklimakan Desert) and parts of South Asia in summer, and from the Middle East and Central Asia in winter.A footprint analysis indicates that a large fraction(>60%) of the black carbon contributions on Keqikaer Glacier comes from anthropogenic sources. These results provide a scientific basis for regional mitigation efforts to reduce black carbon. | YuLan Zhang ShiChang Kang Min Xu Michael Sprenger TanGuang Gao ZhiYuan Cong ChaoLiu Li JunMing Guo ZhiQiang Xu Yang Li Gang Li XiaoFei Li YaJun Liu HaiDong Han | 2017 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2017，9，2： | 4 |
| 5 | Chinese expert consensus on conversion therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma(2021 edition)显示文摘Recent advances in systemic and locoregional treatments for patients with unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have resulted in improved response rates.This has provided an opportunity for selected patients with initially unresectable HCC to achieve adequate tumor downstaging to undergo surgical resection,a‘conversion therapy’strategy.However,conversion therapy is a new approach to the treatment of HCC and its practice and treatment protocols are still being developed.Review the evidence for conversion therapy in HCC and develop consensus statements to guide clinical practice.Evidence review:Many research centers in China have accumulated significant experience implementing HCC conversion therapy.Preliminary findings and data have shown that conversion therapy represents an important strategy to maximize the survival of selected patients with intermediate stage to advanced HCC;however,there are still many urgent clinical and scientific challenges for this therapeutic strategy and its related fields.In order to summarize and learn from past experience and review current challenges,the Chinese Expert Consensus on Conversion Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma(2021 Edition)was developed based on a review of preliminary experience and clinical data from Chinese and non-Chinese studies in this field and combined with recommendations for clinical practice.Sixteen consensus statements on the implementation of conversion therapy for HCC were developed.The statements generated in this review are based on a review of clinical evidence and real clinical experience and will help guide future progress in conversion therapy for patients with HCC. | Hui-Chuan Sun Jian Zhou Zheng Wang Xiufeng Liu Qing Xie Weidong Jia Ming Zhao Xinyu Bi Gong Li Xueli Bai Yuan Ji Li Xu Xiao-Dong Zhu Dousheng Bai Yajin Chen Yongjun Chen Chaoliu Dai Rongping Guo Wenzhi Guo Chunyi Hao Tao Huang Zhiyong Huang Deyu Li Gang Li Tao Li Xiangcheng Li Guangming Li Xiao Liang Jingfeng Liu Fubao Liu Shichun Lu Zheng Lu Weifu Lv Yilei Mao Guoliang Shao Yinghong Shi Tianqiang Song Guang Tan Yunqiang Tang Kaishan Tao Chidan Wan Guangyi Wang Lu Wang Shunxiang Wang Tianfu Wen Baocai Xing Bangde Xiang Sheng Yan Dinghua Yang Guowen Yin Tao Yin Zhenyu Yin Zhengping Yu Bixiang Zhang Jialin Zhang Shuijun Zhang Ti Zhang Yamin Zhang Yubao Zhang Aibin Zhang Haitao Zhao Ledu Zhou Wu Zhang Zhenyu Zhu Shukui Qin Feng Shen Xiujun Cai Gaojun Teng Jianqiang Cai Minshan Chen Qiang Li Lianxin Liu Weilin Wang Tingbo Liang Jiahong Dong Xiaoping Chen Xuehao Wang Shusen Zheng Jia Fan 无 | 2022 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2022，11，2： | 4 |
| 6 | Carbonaceous matter in glacier at the headwaters of the Yangtze River:Concentration,sources and fractionation during the melting process显示文摘Carbonaceous matter has an important impact on glacial retreat in the Tibetan Plateau,further affecting the water resource supply.However,the related studies on carbonaceous matter are still scarce in Geladaindong(GLDD)region,the source of the Yangtze River.Therefore,the concentration,source and variations of carbonaceous matter at Ganglongjiama(GLJM)glacier in GLDD region were investigated during the melting period in 2017,which could deepen our understanding on carbonaceous matter contribution to glacier melting.The results showed that dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration of snowpit samples(283±200μg/L)was much lower than that of precipitation samples(624±361μg/L),indicating that large parts of DOC could be rapidly leached from the snowpit during the melting process.In contrast,refractory black carbon(rBC)concentration measured by Single Particle Soot Photometer of snowpit samples(4.27±3.15μg/L)was much higher than that of precipitation samples(0.97±0.49μg/L).Similarly,DOC with high mass absorption cross-section measured at 365 nm value was also likely to enrich in snowpit during the melting process.In addition,it was found that both r BC and DOC with high light-absorbing ability began to leach from the snowpit when melting process became stronger.Therefore,rBC and DOC with high light-absorbing ability exhibited similar behavior during the melting process.Based on relationship among DOC,rBC and K^+ in precipitation,the main source of carbonaceous matter in GLJM glacier was biomass burning during the study period. | Zhaofu Hu Shichang Kang Xiaobo He Fangping Yan Yulan Zhang Pengfei Chen Xiaofei Li Shaopeng Gao Chaoliu Li | 2020 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2020，32，1： | 3 |
| 7 | Seasonality of carbonaceous aerosol composition and light absorption properties in Karachi,Pakistan显示文摘Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol(CA)and its light absorption properties are limited in Karachi,which is one of the most polluted metropolitan cities in South Asia.This study presents a comprehensive measurement of seasonality of CA compositions and mass absorption cross-section(MAC)of elemental carbon(EC)and water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)in total suspended particles(TSP)collected from February 2015 to March 2017 in the southwest part of Karachi.The average TSP,organic carbon(OC),and EC concentrations were extremely high with values as 391.0±217.0,37.2±28.0,and 8.53±6.97μg/m3,respectively.These components showed clear seasonal variations with high concentrations occurring during fall and winter followed by spring and summer.SO42-,NO3-,K+,and NH4+showed similar variations with CA,implying the significant influence on atmospheric pollutants from anthropogenic activities.Relatively lower OC/EG ratio(4.20±2.50)compared with remote regions further indicates fossil fuel combustion as a primary source of CA.Meanwhile,sea salt and soil dust are important contribution sources for TSP.The average MAC of EC(632 nm)and WSOC(365 nm)were 6.56±2.70 and 0.97±0.37 m2/g,respectively.MACEC is comparable to that in urban areas but lower than that in remote regions,indicating the significant influence of local emissions.MACwsoc showed opposite distribution with EC,further suggesting that OC was significantly affected by local fossil fuel combustion.In addition,dust might be an important factor increasing MACwsoc particularly during spring and summer. | Pengfei Chen Shichang Kang Chaman Gul Lekhendra Tripathee Xiaoxiang Wang Zhaofu Hu Chaoliu Li Tao Pu | 2020 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2020，32，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Micro‐geomorphology determines community structure of biological soil crusts at small scales显示文摘 | Xin‐RongLi Min‐ZhuHe StefanZerbe Xiao‐JunLi Li‐ChaoLiu | 2010 | Earth Surf Process Landforms2010，，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Major Ion Geochemistry of Nam Co Lake and its Sources, Tibetan Plateau显示文摘 | Qianggong Zhang Shichang Kang Feiyue Wang Chaoliu Li Yanwei Xu | 2008 | Aquatic Geochemistry2008，，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Major ionic composition of precipitation in the Nam Co region, Central Tibetan Plateau显示文摘 | Li Chaoliu Kang Shichang Zhang Qiangong | 2007 | Atmospheric Research2007，85，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Export of dissolved carbonaceous and nitrogenous substances in rivers of the “Water Tower of Asia”显示文摘Rivers are critical links in the carbon and nitrogen cycle in aquatic,terrestrial,and atmospheric environments.Here riverine carbon and nitrogen exports in nine large rivers on the Tibetan Plateau—the'Water Tower of Asia'—were investigated in the monsoon season from 2013 to 2015.Compared with the world average,concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC,30.7 mg/L)were high in river basins of the plateau due to extensive topographic relief and intensive water erosion.Low concentrations of dissolved organic carbon(DOC,1.16 mg/L)were likely due to the low temperature and unproductive land vegetation environments.Average concentrations of riverine DIN(0.32 mg/L)and DON(0.35 mg/L)on the Tibetan Plateau were close to the world average.However,despite its predominantly pristine environment,discharge from agricultural activities and urban areas of the plateau has raised riverine N export.In addition,DOC/DON ratio(C/N,~6.5)in rivers of the Tibetan Plateau was much lower than the global average,indicating that dissolved organic carbon in the rivers of this region might be more bioavailable.Therefore,along with global warming and anthropogenic activities,increasing export of bioavailable riverine carbon and nitrogen from rivers of the Tibetan Plateau can be expected in the future,which will possibly influence the regional carbon and nitrogen cycle. | Bin Qu Mika Sillanpaa Shichang Kang Fangping Yan Zhiguo Li Hongbo Zhang Chaoliu Li | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Elemental composition of Tibetan Plateau top soils and its effect on evaluating atmospheric pollution transport显示文摘 | Chaoliu Li Shichang Kang Qianggong Zhang | 2009 | Environmental Pollution2009，，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Major Ion Geochemistry of Nam Co Lake and its Sources, Tibetan Plateau显示文摘 | Qianggong Zhang Shichang Kang Feiyue Wang Chaoliu Li Yanwei Xu | 2008 | Aquatic Geochemistry2008，，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Facile molten salt synthesis of carbon-anchored TiN nanoparticles for durable high-rate lithium-ion battery anodes显示文摘Transition metal nitrides(TMNs),including titanium nitride(TiN),exhibit remarkable application prospects as anodes for durable high-rate lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Regrettably,the absence of simple synthesis methods restricts their further development.Herein,a facile and low-cost molten salt synthesis strategy was proposed to prepare carbon-anchored TiN nanoparticles as an advanced anode material for LIBs with high rate capabilities.This nanosized TiN obtained is∼5 nm in size and well-distributed onto carbon plates,which could release a reversible capacity of∼381.5 mAh g^(−1)at 0.1 A g^(−1)after 250 cycles and∼141.5 mAh g^(−1)at 1.0 A g^(−1)after 1000 cycles.Furthermore,it was confirmed that the conversion reaction between TiN and Li-ions happened during the electrochemical reaction process,resulting in the formation of Li_(3)N and Ti.This unique microstructure attributed from TiN nanoparticles anchored by carbon could support the structural volume during cycling.This work highlights the method superiority of TiN prepared via a molten salt synthesis strategy as an anode for LIBs with impressive rate performances. | Ruijia Liu Na Li Enyue Zhao Jinkui Zhao Lingxu Yang Wenjun Wang Huijun Liu Chaoliu Zeng | 2022 | Materials Futures2022，1，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Elemental composition of Tibetan Plateau top soils and its effect on evaluating atmospheric pollution transport显示文摘 | Li Chaoliu Kang Shichang Zhang Qianggong | 2009 | Environ Pollut2009，157，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Major ionic composition of precipitation in the Nam Co region, Central Tibetan Plateau显示文摘 | Chaoliu Li Shichang Kang Qianggong Zhang Susan Kaspari | 2007 | Atmospheric Research2007，，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Rare earth elements in the surface sediments of the Yarlung Tsangbo (Upper Brahmaputra River) sediments, southern Ti- betan Plateau 显示文摘 | Li Chaoliu Kang Shichang Zhang Qianggong Wang Feiyue | 2009 | Quatern Int2009，208，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Heavy metals in sediments of the Yarlung Tsangbo and its connection with the arsenic problem in the Ganges- Brahmaputra Basin 显示文摘 | Li Chaoliu Kang Shichang Zhang Qianggong Gao Shaopeng Sharma C M | 2010 | Environ geochem Health2010，33，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Dissolved organic carbon fractionation in wet deposition and its potential impact on radiative forcing in the central Tibetan Plateau显示文摘As an important component of carbonaceous matters,dissolved organic carbon(DOC)can absorb and scatter the solar radiation at ultraviolet and blue wavelengths.The wet deposition process has great impact on the con-centration and light absorption ability of precipitation DOC,affecting the climatic effect caused by DOC in the atmosphere.In this study,light absorption and fluorescence characteristics of precipitation DOC was investigated in the central Tibetan Plateau(TP).The results showed that the mean DOC concentration and mass absorption cross-section measured at 365 nm(MAC_(365)) in Tanggula(TGL)station were 0.59±0.42 mg/L and 0.37±0.19 m^(2)/g,respectively,while both values showed much higher volatilities than those of aerosols.DOC concentrations had significant negative correlation with the precipitation amount,while MAC_(365) values increase with the precipitation amount in TGL station.Therefore,DOC with high light-absorbing ability was preferred to be retained in the atmosphere during wet deposition.In this study,precipitation DOC contained three fluorescent components(one humic-like component and two tyrosine-like components)mainly from local biomass burning sources.DOC concentration showed a negative relationship with MAC_(365) value in TGL station.The wet deposition of DOC with low light-absorbing ability can reduce the strong negative radiative forcing caused by secondary organic aerosol due to high proportion of DOC in secondary organic carbon.Similar phenomenon was also found in Nam Co,Lulang and Everest stations of previous study,which may have a potential impact on radiative forcing in the atmosphere of TP. | ZhaoFu Hu ChaoLiu Li ShiChang Kang XiaoFei Li Chao Zhang Fangping Yan XiaoBo He PengFei Chen | 2023 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2023，15，4： | 0 |
| 20 | Concentrations and light absorption properties of PM_(2.5) organic and black carbon based on online measurements in Lanzhou, China显示文摘To elucidate the variations in mass concentrations of organic carbon(OC)and black carbon(BC)in PM_(2.5) and their light absorption characteristics in Lanzhou,we conducted one-year online measurements by using a newly developed total carbon analyzer(TCA08)coupled with an aethalometer(AE33)from July 2018 to July 2019.The mean OC and BC concentrations were 6.4±4.4 and 2.0±1.3μg/m^(3),respectively.Clear seasonal variations were observed for both components,with winter having the highest concentrations,followed by autumn,spring,and summer.The diurnal variations of OC and BC concentrations were similar throughout the year,with daily two peaks occurring in the morning and evening,respectively.A relatively low OC/BC ratio(3.3±1.2,n=345)were observed,indicating that fossil fuel combustion was the primary source of the carbonaceous components.This is further substantiated by relatively low biomass burning contribution(f_(biomass):27.1%±11.3%)to BC using aethalometer based measurement though f_(biomass) value which increased significantly in winter(41.6%±5.7%).We estimated a considerable brown carbon(BrC)contribution to the total absorption coefficient(b_(abs))at 370 nm(yearly average of 30.8%±11.1%),with a winter maximum of 44.2%±4.1%and a summer minimum of 19.2%±4.2%.Calculation of the wavelength dependence of total b_(abs) revealed an annual mean AAE_(370-520) value of 4.2±0.5,with slightly higher values in spring and winter.The mass absorption cross-section of BrC also exhibited higher values in winter,with an annual mean of 5.4±1.9 m^(2)/g,reflecting the impact of emissions from increased biomass burning on BrC concentrations. | Pengfei Chen Shichang Kang Qinyi Gan Ye Yu Xianlei Yuan Yajun Liu Lekhendra Tripathee Xiaoxiang Wang Chaoliu Li | 2023 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2023，，9： | 0 |
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