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| 1 | 自发性脑出血管理指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的指南显示文摘目的本指南旨在为自发性脑出血的诊断和治疗提供最新的全面推荐意见。方法利用PubMed进行规范化文献检索,检索时间至2013年8月底。撰写委员会成员通过远程电信会议讨论指南内容及推荐意见,采用美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的疗效确定性水平和证据分级方案对推荐意见进行分级。由6位同行评议专家以及卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会和卒中委员会领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发表前审阅。结果本文为急性脑出血患者的医疗诊治提供了循证指南,重点包括诊断、凝血功能障碍和血压管理、继发性脑损伤防治、颅内压控制、外科治疗的作用、转归预测、康复、二级预防以及将来需要考虑的问题。本指南已纳入最新的3期临床试验结果。结论脑出血是一种需要进行早期积极救治的危重疾病。本指南为脑出血患者的目标导向治疗提供了一个框架。 | J. Claude Hemphill Ⅲ Steven M. Greenberg Craig S. Anderson Kyra Beckelr Bernard R. Bendok Mary Cushman Gordon L. Fung Joshua N. Goldstein R. LochMacdonald Pamela H Mitchell, Phillip A Scott,Magdy H Selim, Daniel Woo 高圆圆 徐欣 | 2015 | 国际脑血管病杂志2015，23，10： | 444 |
| 2 | Application of high silica zeolite ZSM-5 in a hybrid treatment process based on sequential adsorption and ozonation for VOCs elimination显示文摘In this study,a hydrophobic synthetic zeolite,namely ZSM-5 is chosen as an adsorbent/catalyst for toluene removal.Experimental results showed that toluene adsorption onto ZSM-5 was favourable,following a Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.ZSM-5 zeolite was regenerated using gaseous ozone at low temperature.Adsorbed toluene was oxidised,releasing mainly CO_2 and H_2O.Traces of oxidation by-products such as acetic acid and acetaldehyde were formed and remained adsorbed after the oxidativate regeneration with ozone.After four successive cycles of adsorption/ozonation,the adsorption efficiency was not affected(92%-99%).These results showed that volatile organic compound(VOC)removal by adsorption onto ZSM-5 zeolite followed by ozone regeneration could be used as a promising hybrid process for the control of VOC emissions in terms of efficiency. | Hicham Zaitan Marie Hélène Manero Héctor Valdés | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，3： | 23 |
| 3 | 使用导尿管的混乱现象显示文摘作者对一所拥有480张床位的综合医院的护理人员使用各类导尿管的知识水平进行了分层次抽样调查。发现大多数护士缺乏这方面的知识,未受过专业培训。为此,对选择和使用导尿管问题进行了讨论。 | Mary H 林家馨 | 1993 | 国外医学(护理学分册)1993，12，4： | 19 |
| 4 | XRCC1 and DNA polymerase β in cellular protection against cytotoxic DNA single-strand breaks显示文摘 | Julie K Horton Mary Watson Donna F Stefanick Daniel T Shaughnessy Jack A Taylor Samuel H Wilson | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，1： | 17 |
| 5 | Expanding etiology of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis显示文摘BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis(PFIC)refers to a disparate group of autosomal recessive disorders that are linked by the inability to appropriately form and excrete bile from hepatocytes,resulting in a hepatocellular form of cholestasis.While the diagnosis of such disorders had historically been based on pattern recognition of unremitting cholestasis without other identified molecular or anatomic cause,recent scientific advancements have uncovered multiple specific responsible proteins.The variety of identified defects has resulted in an ever-broadening phenotypic spectrum,ranging from traditional benign recurrent jaundice to progressive cholestasis and end-stage liver disease.AIM To review current data on defects in bile acid homeostasis,explore the expanding knowledge base of genetic based diseases in this field,and report disease characteristics and management.METHODS We conducted a systemic review according to PRISMA guidelines.We performed a Medline/PubMed search in February-March 2019 for relevant articles relating to the understanding,diagnosis,and management of bile acid homeostasis with a focus on the family of diseases collectively known as PFIC.English only articles were accessed in full.The manual search included references of retrieved articles.We extracted data on disease characteristics,associations with other diseases,and treatment.Data was summarized and presented in text,figure,and table format.RESULTS Genetic-based liver disease resulting in the inability to properly form and secrete bile constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children and increasingly in adults.A growing number of PFIC have been described based on an expanded understanding of biliary transport mechanism defects and the development of a common phenotype.CONCLUSION We present a summary of current advances made in a number of areas relevant to both the classically described FIC1(ATP8B1),BSEP(ABCB11),and MDR3(ABCB4)transporter deficiencies,as well as more recently described gene mutations--TJP2(TJP2),FXR(NR1H4),MYO5B(MYO5B),and others which expand the etiology and understanding of PFIC-related cholestatic diseases and bile transport. | Sarah AF Henkel Judy H Squires Mary Ayers Armando Ganoza Patrick Mckiernan James E Squires | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，5： | 13 |
| 6 | Nitrous Oxide Emission by Agricultural Soils: A Review of Spatial and Temporal Variability for Mitigation显示文摘This short review deals with soils as an important source of the greenhouse gas N2O. The production and consumption of N2O in soils mainly involve biotic processes: the anaerobic process of denitrification and the aerobic process of nitrification. The factors that significantly influence agricultural N2O emissions mainly concern the agricultural practices (N application rate, crop type, fertilizer type) and soil conditions (soil moisture, soil organic C content, soil pH and texture). Large variability of N2O fluxes is known to occur both at different spatial and temporal scales. Currently new techniques could help to improve the capture of the spatial variability. Continuous measurement systems with automatic chambers could also help to capture temporal variability and consequently to improve quantification of N2O emissions by soils. Some attempts for mitigating soil N2O emissions, either by modifying agricultural practices or by managing soil microbial functioning taking into account the origin of the soil N2O emission variability, are reviewed. | C. HNAULT A. GROSSEL B. MARY M. ROUSSEL J. LONARD | 2012 | Pedosphere2012，22，4： | 12 |
| 7 | Experimental small bowel preservation using Polysol: A new alternative to University of Wisconsin solution, Celsior and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution?显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the potential of Polysol, a newly developed preservation solution, in cold storage of small bowel grafts, compared with the current standards, University of Wisconsin solution (UW), Celsior and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were used as donors. Small bowels were retrieved, flushed and then stored in the respective 4 solutions for 18 h at 4℃. Functional integrity of the grafts was evaluated by isolated reperfusion with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37℃ for 30 min in all 4 groups. RESULTS: Polysol preservation exhibited the highest tissue ATP concentration and the lowest release of LDH. Malondialdehyde, an index for tissue lipid peroxidation, was also the lowest in Polysol. Tissue oxygen consumption was significantly higher in Polysol than in the others. Of interest, UW-storage promoted 10-fold higher apoptosis than in the others. Moreover, electron microscopy revealed that the mucosal villi/micro-villi formation and the cell organelles, including mitochondria, were both significantly better preserved in Polysol, while deleterious alterations were apparent in the others, most notably in UW. Although Celsior and HTK exhibited the better trend of results than UW in some parameters, but could not reach the over-all superiority to UW.CONCLUSION: Cold storage using Polysol resulted in significantly better integrity and function of small bowel grafts than UW. Hence, Polysol may be a novel alternative for the small bowel preservation. | Lai Wei Koichiro Hata Benedict Marie Doorschodt Reinhard Büttner Thomas Minor René H Tolba | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 9 |
| 8 | Retrograde-viewing device improves adenoma detection rate in colonoscopies for surveillance and diagnostic workup显示文摘AIM:To determine which patients might benefit most from retrograde viewing during colonoscopy through subset analysis of randomized,controlled trial data.METHODS:The Third Eye Retroscope Randomized Clinical Evaluation(TERRACE) was a randomized,controlled,multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a retrograde-viewing auxiliary imaging device that is used during colonoscopy to provide a second video image which allows viewing of areas on the proximal aspect of haustral folds and flexures that are difficult to see with the colonoscope's forward view.We performed a post-hoc analysis of the TERRACE data to determine whether certain subsets of the patient population would gain more benefit than others from use of the device.Subjects were patients scheduled for colonoscopy for screening,surveillance or diagnostic workup,and each underwent same-day tandem examinations with standard colonoscopy(SC) and Third Eye colonoscopy(TEC),randomized to SC followed by TEC or vice versa.RESULTS:Indication for colonoscopy was screening in 176/345 subjects(51.0%),surveillance after previous polypectomy in 87(25.2%) and diagnostic workup in 82(23.8%).In 4 subjects no indication was specified.Previously reported overall results had shown a net additional adenoma detection rate(ADR) with TEC of 23.2% compared to SC.Relative risk(RR) of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC as the initial procedure was 1.92(P = 0.029).Post-hoc subset analysis shows additional ADRs for TEC compared to SC were 4.4% for screening,35.7% for surveillance,55.4% for diagnostic and 40.7% for surveillance and diagnostic combined.The RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC was 1.11(P = 0.815) for screening,3.15(P = 0.014) for surveillance,8.64(P = 0.039) for diagnostic and 3.34(P = 0.003) for surveillance and diagnostic combined.Although a multivariate Poisson regression suggested gender as a possibly significant factor,subset analysis showed that the difference between genders was not statistically significant.Age,bowel prep quality and withdrawal time did not significantly affect the RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC.Mean sizes of adenomas detected with TEC and SC were similar at 0.59 cm and 0.56 cm,respectively(P = NS).CONCLUSION:TEC allows detection of significantly more adenomas compared to SC in patients undergoing surveillance or diagnostic workup,but not in screening patients(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01044732). | Peter D Siersema Amit Rastogi Anke M Leufkens Paul A Akerman Kassem Azzouzi Richard I Rothstein Frank P Vleggaar Alessandro Repici Giacomo Rando Patrick I Okolo Olivier Dewit Ana Ignjatovic Elizabeth Odstrcil James East Pierre H Deprez Brian P Saunders Anthony N Kalloo Bradley Creel Vikas Singh Anne Marie Lennon Daniel C DeMarco | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，26： | 6 |
| 9 | Factors associated with long-term survival after liver transplantation:A retrospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To identify predictive factors associated with long-term patient and graft survival(> 15 years) in liver transplant recipients.METHODS Medical charts of all de novo adult liver transplant recipients(n = 140) who were transplanted in Hamburg between 1997 and 1999 were retrospectively reviewed.In total,155 transplantations were identified in this time period(15 re-transplantations).Twenty-six orthotopic liver transplant(OLT) recipients were early lost to followup due to moving to other places within 1 year after transplantation.All remaining 114 patients were included in the analysis.The following recipient factors were analysed:Age,sex,underlying liver disease,pre-OLT body mass index(BMI),and levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),bilirubin,creatinine and gammaglutamyltransferase(gamma-GT),as well as warm and cold ischemia times.Furthermore,the following donor factors were assessed:Age,BMI,cold ischemia time and warm ischemia time.All surviving patients were followed until December 2014.We divided patients into groups according to their underlying diagnosis:(1) hepatocellularcarcinoma(n = 5,4%);(2) alcohol toxic liver disease(n = 25,22.0%);(3) primary sclerosing cholangitis(n = 6,5%);(4) autoimmune liver diseases(n = 7,6%);(5) hepatitis C virus cirrhosis(n = 15,13%);(6) hepatitis B virus cirrhosis(n = 21,19%);and(7) other(n = 35,31%).The group 'other' included rare diagnoses,such as acute liver failure,unknown liver failure,stenosis and thrombosis of the arteria hepatica,polycystic liver disease,Morbus Osler and Caroli disease.RESULTS The majority of patients were male(n = 70,61%).Age and BMI at the time point of transplantation ranged from 16 years to 69 years(median:53 years) and from 15 kg/m^2 to 33 kg/m^2(median:24),respectively.Sixty-six OLT recipients(58%) experienced a follow-up of 15 years after transplantation.Recipient's age(P = 0.009) and BMI(P = 0.029) were identified as risk factors for death by χ~2-test.Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed BMI or age above the median as predictors of decreased long-term survival(P = 0.008 and P = 0.020).Hepatitis B as underlying disease showed a trend for improved long-term survival(P = 0.049,χ~2-test,P = 0.055;Kaplan-Meier analysis,Log rank).Pre-transplant bilirubin,creatinine,ALT and gamma-GT levels were not associated with survival in these patients of the pre-era of the model of end stage liver disease.CONCLUSION The recipients' age and BMI were predictors of longterm survival after OLT,as well as hepatitis B as underlying disease.In contrast,donors' age and BMI were not associated with decreased survival.These findings indicate that recipient factors especially have a high impact on long-term outcome after liver transplantation. | Sven Pischke Marie C Lege Moritz von Wulffen Antonio Galante Benjamin Otto Malte H Wehmeyer Uta Herden Lutz Fischer Bjorn Nashan Ansgar W Lohse Martina Sterneck | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，8： | 5 |
| 10 | Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients receiving thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective observational cohort study显示文摘 | Laurent Beaugerie Nicole Brousse Anne Marie Bouvier Jean Frédéric Colombel Marc Lémann Jacques Cosnes Xavier Hébuterne Antoine Cortot Yoram Bouhnik Jean Pierre Gendre Tabassome Simon Marc Maynadié Olivier Hermine Jean Faivre Fabrice Carrat | 2009 | The Lancet . 2009 (9701)2009，，： | 4 |
| 11 | Effects of insulin and pathway inhibitors on the PI3K-Akt- mTOR phosphorylation profile in acute myeloid leukemia cells显示文摘The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-Akt-mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway is constitutively activated in human acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cells and is regarded as a possible therapeutic target.Insulin is an agonist of this pathway and a growth factor for AML cells.We characterized the effect of insulin on the phosphorylation of 10 mediators in the main track of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in AML cells from 76 consecutive patients.The overall results showed that insulin significantly increased the phosphorylation of all investigated mediators.However,insulin effects on the pathway activation profile varied among patients,and increased phosphorylation in all mediators was observed only in a minority of patients;in other patients,insulin had divergent effects.Global gene expression profiling and proteomic/phosphoproteomic comparisons suggested that AML cells from these two patient subsets differed with regard to AML cell differentiation,transcriptional regulation,RNA metabolism,and cellular metabolism.Strong insulin-induced phosphorylation was associated with weakened antiproliferative effects of metabolic inhibitors.PI3K,Akt,and mTOR inhibitors also caused divergent effects on the overall pathway phosphorylation profile in the presence of insulin,although PI3K and Akt inhibition caused a general reduction in Akt pT308 and 4EBP1 pT36/pT45 phosphorylation.For Akt inhibition,the phosphorylation of upstream mediators was generally increased or unaltered.In contrast,mTOR inhibition reduced mTOR pS2448 and S6 pS244 phosphorylation but increased Akt pT308 phosphorylation.In conclusion,the effects of both insulin and PI3K-Akt-mTOR inhibitors differ between AML patient subsets,and differences in insulin responsiveness are associated with differential susceptibility to metabolic targeting. | Ina Nepstad Kimberley Joanne Hatfield Ida Sofie Grønningsæter Elise Aasebø Maria Hernandez-Valladares Karen Marie Hagen Kristin Paulsen Rye Frode SBerven Frode Selheim Håkon Reikvam Øystein Bruserud | 2019 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2019，4，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Maintenance of Remission Among Patients With Crohn’s Disease on Antimetabolite Therapy After Infliximab Therapy Is Stopped显示文摘 | Edouard Louis Jean–Yves Mary Gwenola Vernier–Massouille Jean–Charles Grimaud Yoram Bouhnik David Laharie Jean–Louis Dupas Hélène Pillant Laurence Picon Michel Veyrac Mathurin Flamant Guillaume Savoye Raymond Jian Martine DeVos Rapha?l Porcher Gilles Paint | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，1： | 4 |
| 13 | Cadmium, Environmental Exposure, and Health Outcomes显示文摘 | Satarug Soisungwan Garrett Scott H Sens Mary Ann Sens Donald A | 2010 | Environmental Health Perspectives2010，，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Prediction of delayed graft function using different scoring algorithms: A single-center experience显示文摘AIM To compare the performance of 3 published delayed graftfunction(DGF) calculators that compute the theoretical risk of DGF for each patient.METHODS This single-center,retrospective study included 247 consecutive kidney transplants from a deceased donor.These kidney transplantations were performed at our institution between January 2003 and December 2012.We compared the occurrence of observed DGF in our cohort with the predicted DGF according to three different published calculators. The accuracy of the calculators was evaluated by means of the c-index(receiver operating characteristic curve).RESULTS DGF occurred in 15.3% of the transplants under study.The c index of the Irish calculator provided an area under the curve(AUC) of 0.69 indicating an acceptable level of prediction,in contrast to the poor performance of the Jeldres nomogram(AUC = 0.54) and the Chapal nomogram(AUC = 0.51). With the Irish algorithm the predicted DGF risk and the observed DGF probabilities were close. The mean calculated DGF risk was significantly different between DGF-positive and DGF-negative subjects(P < 0.0001). However,at the level of the individual patient the calculated risk of DGF overlapped very widely with ranges from 10% to 51% for recipients with DGF and from 4% to 56% for those without DGF.The sensitivity,specificity and positive predictive value of a calculated DGF risk ≥ 30% with the Irish nomogram were 32%,91% and 38%. CONCLUSION Predictive models for DGF after kidney transplantation are performant in the population in which they were derived,but less so in external validations. | Magda Michalak Kristien Wouters Erik Fransen Rachel Hellemans Amaryllis H Van Craenenbroeck Marie M Couttenye Bart Bracke Dirk K Ysebaert Vera Hartman Kathleen De Greef Thiery Chapelle Geert Roeyen Gerda Van Beeumen Marie-Paule Emonds Daniel Abramowicz Jean-Louis Bosmans | 2017 | World Journal of Transplantation2017，7，5： | 3 |
| 15 | 9种商业消毒剂对猪2型圆环病毒的杀灭效能测试显示文摘养猪业中常用的许多商业消毒剂,都获得了法国农业部批准。然而对其杀灭增殖初期猪2型圆环病毒(PCV2)的效能却不甚了解。用在法国分离到的PCV2悬液来测试9种商业消毒剂的效能,在20℃下病毒悬液与消毒剂作用30 min后,将该混合液过滤和稀释进行脱毒处理以去除对圆环病毒和猪肾细胞系有害的物质,再经一系列稀释后接种于人工培养的猪肾细胞进行免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验(IPMA)测定PCV2的感染性。结果表明,用碘类和苯酚类消毒剂并不能减少病毒滴度。在此着重介绍其他消毒剂效能(病毒滴度减少量≥1.61 log_(10)),其中5种消毒剂:一种含过一硫酸氢钾,另两种含一种季铵盐、一到三种醛、次氯酸钠和氢氧化钠,在标准浓度下或1.5~4倍低于标准浓度时可显著杀灭PCV2;其余两种,其中一种含过一硫酸氢钾,另一种含过氧乙酸和过氧化氢,在标准浓度下或2倍高于标准浓度时也可杀灭PCV2。 | Hélène Martin Marie-Frédérique Le Potier Pierre Maris 杨满军 | 2009 | 今日养猪业2009，，3： | 2 |
| 16 | DNA vaccination of infants in the presence of maternal antibody: a measles model in the primate显示文摘 | Mary Premenko-Lanier Paul A Rota Gary Rhodes David Verhoeven Dan H Barouch Nicholas W Lerche Norman L Letvin William J Bellini Michael B McChesney | 2003 | Virology2003，，1： | 2 |
| 17 | <ce:link locator='fx1'/> <ce:link locator='fx2'/> Insulin Resistance in Chronic Hepatitis C: Association With Genotypes 1 and 4, Serum HCV RNA Level, and Liver Fibrosis显示文摘 | Rami Moucari Tarik Asselah Dominique Cazals–Hatem Hélène Voitot Nathalie Boyer Marie–Pierre Ripault Rodolphe Sobesky Michèle Martinot–Peignoux Sarah Maylin Marie–Hélène Nicolas–Chanoine Valérie Paradis Michel Vidaud Dominique Valla Pierre Bedossa Patrick | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Perioperative outcomes of major hepatic resections under low central venous pressure anesthesia: blood loss, blood transfusion, and the risk of postoperative renal dysfunction显示文摘 | Jose A Melendez Vittoria Arslan Mary E Fischer David Wuest William R Jarnagin Yuman Fong Leslie H Blumgart | 1998 | Journal of the American College of Surgeons1998，，6： | 2 |
| 19 | Binding pathway determines norepinephrine selectivity for the human β_(1)AR over β_(2)AR显示文摘Beta adrenergic receptors(βARs)mediate physiologic responses to the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine released by the sympathetic nervous system.While the hormone epinephrine binds β_(1)AR and β_(2)AR with similar affinity,the smaller neurotransmitter norepinephrine is approximately tenfold selective for the β_(1)AR.To understand the structural basis for this physiologically important selectivity,we solved the crystal structures of the human β_(1)AR bound to an antagonist carazolol and different agonists including norepinephrine,epinephrine and BI-167107.Structural comparison revealed that the catecholamine-binding pockets are identical between β_(1)AR and β_(2)AR,but the extracellular vestibules have different shapes and electrostatic properties.Metadynamics simulations and mutagenesis studies revealed that these differences influence the path norepinephrine takes to the orthosteric pocket and contribute to the different association rates and thus different affinities. | Xinyu Xu Jonas Kaindl Mary J.Clark Harald Hübner Kunio Hirata Roger K.Sunahara Peter Gmeiner Brian K.Kobilka Xiangyu Liu | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，5： | 2 |
| 20 | Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomised trial显示文摘 | Faramarz Ismail-Beigi Timothy Craven Mary Ann Banerji Jan Basile Jorge Calles Robert M Cohen Robert Cuddihy William C Cushman Saul Genuth Richard H Grimm Bruce P Hamilton Byron Hoogwerf Diane Karl Lois Katz Armand Krikorian Patrick O'Connor Rodica Pop-Bus | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9739： | 2 |
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