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| 1 | Ultrafast epitaxial growth of metre-sized single-crystal graphene on industrial Cu foil显示文摘A foundation of the modern technology that uses single-crystal silicon has been the growth of highquality single-crystal Si ingots with diameters up to 12 inches or larger. For many applications of graphene, large-area high-quality(ideally of single-crystal) material will be enabling. Since the first growth on copper foil a decade ago, inch-sized single-crystal graphene has been achieved. We present here the growth, in 20 min, of a graphene film of(5 ×50) cm^2 dimension with >99% ultra-highly oriented grains.This growth was achieved by:(1) synthesis of metre-sized single-crystal Cu(1 1 1) foil as substrate;(2)epitaxial growth of graphene islands on the Cu(1 1 1) surface;(3) seamless merging of such graphene islands into a graphene film with high single crystallinity and(4) the ultrafast growth of graphene film.These achievements were realized by a temperature-gradient-driven annealing technique to produce single-crystal Cu(1 1 1) from industrial polycrystalline Cu foil and the marvellous effects of a continuous oxygen supply from an adjacent oxide. The as-synthesized graphene film, with very few misoriented grains(if any), has a mobility up to ~23,000 cm^2 V^(-1)s^(-1)at 4 K and room temperature sheet resistance of ~230 Ω/□. It is very likely that this approach can be scaled up to achieve exceptionally large and high-quality graphene films with single crystallinity, and thus realize various industrial-level applications at a low cost. | Xiaozhi Xu Zhihong Zhang Jichen Dong Ding Yi Jingjing Niu Muhong Wu Li Lin Rongkang Yin Mingqiang Li Jingyuan Zhou Shaoxin Wang Junliang Sun Xiaojie Duan Peng Gao Ying Jiang Xiaosong Wu Hailin Peng Rodney S. Ruoff Zhongfan Liu Dapeng Yu Enge Wang Feng Ding Kaihui Liu | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，15： | 40 |
| 2 | Effect and Risk Assessment of Animal Manure Pollution on Huaihe River Basin, China显示文摘Currently the deteriorated water quality for Huaihe River Basin(HRB) in China was still serious because of the negative influence multiple pollution sources including animal manure. However, little attention was paid to the potential risk of animal manure for farmland and water quality of HRB. This study was quantified and forecasted animal manure risk and its spatiotemporal variations in HRB from 2008 to 2018, through pollution discharge coefficient method and pollution load calculation, combined with kriging interpolation method of ArcGIS technology, based on statistics principle. All the data were originated from livestock and poultry breeding in HRB from 2008 to 2018. The future risk of farmland and water environment in HRB was further forecasted. The results indicated that the livestock and poultry manure has become a key pollution source causing a negative influence on farmland and water quality owing to a large amount of animal manure production without efficient recycle utilization. The chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total nitrogen(TN) discharge of animal manure in HRB almost accounted for 17.00% and 39.00% of the whole COD and TN discharge in China. The diffusion concentration of TN and TP in those regions of Shangqiu, Zhoukou, Heze, Zhumadian, Luohe, Jining, Xuchang,Kaifeng, Taian and Zhengzhou of HRB has exceeded the threshold value 10.00 mg/L of TN and 0.08 mg/L of TP, causing water eutrophication and cancer villages. The assessment of farmland and water quality risk revealed that Zhumadian, Zhoukou, Shangqiu, Taian, Jining, Heze, Linyi and Rizhao belonged to high risk areas in HRB, which were still obtained high farmland and water quality risk index in 2030. The results provided insight into an important significance of sustainable balance of livestock and poultry development and ecosystem in HRB. | WANG Youbao PAN Fanghui CHANG Jiayue WU Rongkang TIBAMBA Matthew LU Xuecheng ZHANG Xinxi | 2021 | Chinese Geographical Science2021，31，4： | 0 |
| 3 | Easily-injectable shear-thinning hydrogel provides long-lasting submucosal barrier for gastrointestinal endoscopic surgery显示文摘Submucosal injection material has shown protective effect against gastrointestinal injury during endoscopic surgery in clinic.However,the protective ability of existing submucosal injection material is strictly limited by their difficult injectability and short barrier time.Herein,we report a shear-thinning gellan gum hydrogel that simultaneously has easy injectability and long-lasting barrier function,together with good hemostatic property and biocompatibility.Shear-thinning property endows our gellan gum hydrogel with excellent endoscopic injection performance,and the injection pressure of our gellan gum hydrogel is much lower than that of the small molecule solution(50 wt%dextrose)when injected through the endoscopic needle.More importantly,our gellan gum hydrogel shows much stronger barrier retention ability than normal saline and sodium hyaluronate solution in the ex vivo and in vivo models.Furthermore,our epinephrine-containing gellan gum hydrogel has a satisfactory hemostatic effect in the mucosal lesion resection model of pig.These results indicate an appealing application prospect for gellan gum hydrogel utilizing as a submucosal injection material in endoscopic surgery. | Yinxiang Tang Minhui Hu Fuxin Tang Rongkang Huang Hui Wang Dingcai Wu Ping Lan | 2022 | Bioactive Materials2022，7，9： | 0 |
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