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| 1 | Effect of temperature and moisture on soil organic carbon mineralization of predominantly permafrost peatland in the Great Hing'an Mountains,Northeastern China显示文摘Boreal peatlands represent a large global carbon pool.The relationships between carbon mineralization,soil temperature and moisture in the permafrost peatlands of the Great Hing'an Mountains,China,were examined.The CO2 emissions were measured during laboratory incubations of samples from four sites under different temperatures(5,10,15,and 20°C) and moisture contents(0%,30%,60%,100% water holding capacity(WHC) and completely water saturated).Total carbon mineralization ranged from 15.51 to 112.92 mg C under the treatments for all sites.Carbon mineralization rates decreased with soil depth,increased with temperature,and reached the highest at 60% WHC at the same temperature.The calculated temperature coefficient(Q10) values ranged from 1.84 to 2.51 with the soil depths and moisture.However,the values were not significantly affected by soil moisture and depth for all sites due to the different peat properties(P > 0.05).We found that the carbon mineralization could be successfully predicted as a two-compartment function with temperature and moisture(R2 > 0.96) and total carbon mineralization was significantly affected by temperature and moisture(P < 0.05).Thus,temperature and moisture would play important roles in carbon mineralization of permafrost peatlands in the Great Hing'an Mountains,indicating that the permafrost peatlands would be sensitive to the environment change,and the permafrost peatlands would be potentially mineralized under future climate change. | Xianwei Wang Xiuzhen Li Yuanman Hu Jiujun Lv Ju Sun Zongmei Li Zhifeng Wu | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，7： | 26 |
| 2 | Crustal and uppermost mantle structure of SE Tibetan plateau from Rayleigh-wave group-velocity measurements显示文摘A shear-wave velocity model of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the SE Tibetan plateau was derived by inverting Rayleigh-wave group-velocity measurements of periods between 10 and 70 s. Rayleigh-wave group-velocity dispersions along more than 3,000 interstation paths were measured based on analysis of teleseismic waveform data recorded by temporary seismic stations. These observations were then utilized to construct2 D group-velocity maps in the period range of 10–70 s.The new group-velocity maps have an enhanced resolution compared with previous global and regional group-velocity models in this region because of the denser and more uniform data coverage. The lateral resolution across the region is about 0.5° for the periods used in this study. Local dispersion curves were then inverted for a 3D shear-wave velocity model of the region by applying a linear inversion scheme. Our 3D shear-wave model confirms the presence of low-velocity zones(LVZs) in the crust beneath the northern part of this region. Our imaging shows that the upper-middle crustal LVZ beneath the Tengchong region is isolated from these LVZs beneath the eastern and northern part of this region. The upper–middle crustal LVZ may be regarded as evidence of a magma chamber in the crust beneath the Tengchong Volcanoes. Our model also reveals a slow lithospheric structure beneath Tengchong and a fast shield-like mantle beneath the stable Yangtze block. | Yonghua Li Jiatie Pan Qingju Wu Zhifeng Ding | 2014 | Earthquake Science2014，27，4： | 19 |
| 3 | Variations of shear wave splitting in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake region显示文摘Through the analysis of S-wave particle motion of local events in the shear wave window, the polariza-tion directions of the faster shear wave and the delay times between the faster and the slower shear waves were derived from seismic recordings at the stations near the fault zones. The shear wave split-ting results of seven stations in the area of Longmenshan fault zone reveal spatial variation of the po-larization directions of the fast shear wave. The directions at stations in the southeastern side of the Longmenshan fault zone (in the Sichuan Basin area) are in the NE direction, whereas the direction at station PWU (in the Plateau), which is in the northwestern side of the faults, is in the EW direction. Systematic changes of the time delays between two split shear waves were also observed. At station L5501 in the southern end of the aftershock zone, the delay times of the slower shear wave decrease systematically after the main shock. After the main shock, the delay times at station PWU were longer than those before the earthquake. Seismic shear wave splitting is caused mostly by stress-aligned microcracks in the rock below the stations. The results demonstrate changes of local stress field dur-ing the main-shock and the aftershocks. The stress in the southern part of Wenchuan seismogenic zone was released by the main-shock and the aftershocks. The crustal stresses were transferred to the northeastern part of the zone, resulting in stress increase at station PWU after the main-shock. | DING ZhiFeng WU Yan WANG Hui ZHOU XiaoFeng LI GuiYin | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，12： | 18 |
| 4 | Focal depths for moderate-sized aftershocks of the Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake and their implications显示文摘Sliding-window cross-correlation method is firstly adopted to identify sPn phase, and to constrain focal depth from regional seismograms, by measuring the time separation between sPn and Pn phases. We present the focal depths of the 17 moderate-sized aftershocks (MS≥5.0) of the Wenchuan MS8.0 earth-quake, using the data recorded by the regional seismic broadband networks of Shaanxi, Qinghai, Gansu, Yunnan and Sichuan. Our results show focal depths of aftershocks range from 8 to 20 km, and tend to cluster at two average depths, separate at 32.5°N, i.e., 11 km to the south and 17 km to the north, indicating that these aftershocks are origin of upper-to-middle crust. Combined with other results, we suggest that the Longmenshan fault is not a through-going crustal fault and the Pingwu-Qingchuan fault may be not the northward extension of the Longmenshan thrust fault. | ZHANG RuiQing WU QingJu LI YongHua DING ZhiFeng ZENG RongSheng | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，12： | 14 |
| 5 | Joint Inversion of the 3D P Wave Velocity Structure of the Crust and Upper Mantle under the Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau Using Regional Earthquake and Teleseismic Data显示文摘The special seismic tectonic environment and frequent seismicity in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau show that this area is an ideal location to study the present tectonic movement and background of strong earthquakes in China's Mainland and to predict future strong earthquake risk zones. Studies of the structural environment and physical characteristics of the deep structure in this area are helpful to explore deep dynamic effects and deformation field characteristics, to strengthen our understanding of the roles of anisotropy and tectonic deformation and to study the deep tectonic background of the seismic origin of the block's interior. In this paper, the three-dimensional(3D) P-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle under the southeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is obtained via observational data from 224 permanent seismic stations in the regional digital seismic network of Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces and from 356 mobile China seismic arrays in the southern section of the north–south seismic belt using a joint inversion method of the regional earthquake and teleseismic data. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of the P-wave velocity anomalies in the shallow upper crust is closely related to the surface geological structure, terrain and lithology. Baoxing and Kangding, with their basic volcanic rocks and volcanic clastic rocks, present obvious high-velocity anomalies. The Chengdu Basin shows low-velocity anomalies associated with the Quaternary sediments. The Xichang Mesozoic Basin and the Butuo Basin are characterised by lowvelocity anomalies related to very thick sedimentary layers. The upper and middle crust beneath the Chuan–Dian and Songpan–Ganzi Blocks has apparent lateral heterogeneities, including low-velocity zones of different sizes. There is a large range of low-velocity layers in the Songpan–Ganzi Block and the sub–block northwest of Sichuan Province, showing that the middle and lower crust is relatively weak. The Sichuan Basin, which is located in the western margin of the Yangtze platform, shows high-velocity characteristics. The results also reveal that there are continuous low-velocity layer distributions in the middle and lower crust of the Daliangshan Block and that the distribution direction of the low-velocity anomaly is nearly SN, which is consistent with the trend of the Daliangshan fault. The existence of the low-velocity layer in the crust also provides a deep source for the deep dynamic deformation and seismic activity of the Daliangshan Block and its boundary faults. The results of the 3D P-wave velocity structure show that an anomalous distribution of high-density, strong-magnetic and high-wave velocity exists inside the crust in the Panxi region. This is likely related to late Paleozoic mantle plume activity that led to a large number of mafic and ultra-mafic intrusions into the crust. In the crustal doming process, the massive intrusion of mantle-derived material enhanced the mechanical strength of the crustal medium. The P-wave velocity structure also revealed that the upper mantle contains a low-velocity layer at a depth of 80–120 km in the Panxi region. The existence of deep faults in the Panxi region, which provide conditions for transporting mantle thermal material into the crust, is the deep tectonic background forthe area's strong earthquake activity. | LI Dahu LIAO Hua DING Zhifeng ZHAN Yan WU Pingping XU Xiaoming ZHENG Chen | 2018 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2018，92，1： | 12 |
| 6 | In-situ fabrication of PtSe2/GaN heterojunction for self-powered deep ultraviolet photodetector with ultrahigh current on/off ratio and detectivity显示文摘The research of ultraviolet photodetectors(UV PDs)have been attracting extensive attention,due to their important applications in many areas.In this study,PtSe2/GaN heterojunction is in-situ fabricated by synthesis of large-area vertically standing two-dimensional(2D)PtSe2 film on n-GaN substrate.The PtSe2/GaN heterojunction device demonstrates excellent photoresponse properties under illumination by deep UV light of 265 nm at zero bias voltage.Further analysis reveals that a high responsivity of 193 mA·W^-1,an ultrahigh specific detectivity of 3.8 × 10^14 Jones,linear dynamic range of 155d B and current on/off ratio of^10^8,as well as fast response speeds of 45/102μs were obtained at zero bias voltage.Moreover,this device response quickly to the pulse laser of 266 nm with a rise time of 172 ns.Such high-performanee PtSe2/GaN heteroj u nction UV PD demonstrated in this work is far superior to previously reported results,suggesting that it has great potential for deep UV detection. | Ranran Zhuo Longhui Zeng Huiyu Yuan Di Wu Yuange Wang Zhifeng Shi Tingting Xu Yongtao Tian Xinjian Li Yuen Hong Tsang | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，1： | 11 |
| 7 | Tomographic imaging of P wave velocity structure beneath the region around Beijing显示文摘The three-dimension crustal and upper mantle structures in the region around Beijing were studied by seismic tomography. We used the P wave arrival times from local and teleseismic events. These events were recorded by 250 stations of the North China Seismic Array and 108 stations of the Beijing Telemetry Seismic Network. 118 869 P wave arrivals from 10 285 local events and 12 189 P wave arrivals from 107 teleseismic events were used in the inversion. We obtained the 3-D P wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle with the horizontal resolution of 0.3° in the studied region. The tomographic imaging shows the remarkably heterogeneous velocity variation. The velocity anomalies are in well agreement with the geological structure in the shallow crust. The different relationships between seismic activities and velocity anomalies may imply the different seismogenic structure and mechanism. Beneath the Moho under Taihangshan mountain and Yanshan mountain,we found the high velocity anomalies deep to 120 km and 200 km,respectively. The deep high velocity zone may be explained by the existence of the mountain root under Yanshan mountain. The high velocity anomalies in the upper mantle of North China basin may be the relics of the de-rooting from the former craton mantle lithosphere. | Zhifeng Ding Xiaofeng Zhou Yan Wu Guiyin Li Hong Zhang | 2009 | Earthquake Science2009，22，4： | 10 |
| 8 | Abrupt climate change of EastAsian Monsoon at 130 kaBP inferred from a high resolu-tion stalagmite δ^(18)O record显示文摘230Th ages and oxygen isotope data of a stalagmite from Shanbao Cave in Hubei Province characterize thEast Asian Monsoon precipitation from 133 to127 ka. Thdecadal-scale high-resolution δ18O record reveals a detailedtransitional process from the Penultimate Glaciation to thLast Interglaciation. As established with 230Th dates, the agof the Termination II is determined to be 129.5±1.0 kaBPwhich supports the Northern Hemisphere insolation as thtriggers for the ice-age cycles. In our δ18O record, the glacialinterglacial fluctuation reaches about 4‰, almost the samlevel as in other Asian Monsoon cave stalagmite δ18O recordThe transition of the glacial/interglacial period in our recordcan be recognized as four stepwise stages, among which, arapid rise of monsoon precipitation follows the stage o“Termination II pause”. The rapid rise is synchronous withthe abrupt change of global methane concentration, whichreflects that an increase in both Asian Monsoon precipitationand tropical wetland plays an important role in the globaclimate changes. | JIANG Xiuyang WANG Yongjin KONG Xinggong WU Jiangying SHAO Xiaohua XIA Zhifeng CHENG Hai | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，23： | 9 |
| 9 | JAK-STAT signaling mediates the senescence of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients显示文摘以前的研究揭示了那根骨头从病人们早展出了的全身的豺狼座 erythematosus (SLE ) 的髓间充质的干细胞(BM-MSCs ) 老朽签名,它可以参予 SLE 的发展。然而,关于这现象的分子的机制充分没被阐明。在当前的学习,我们试图调查表明发信号的抄写(STAT ) 的变换器和使活跃之物的 Janus kinase (JAK ) 是否调停了从 SLE 病人的 BM-MSCs 的老朽。12 个女 SLE 病人和健康题目在学习被注册。所有 BM-MSCs 被密度坡度 centrifugation 孤立。西方的污点分析被用来测试表明分子的 JAK-STAT 的表示。我们由流动 cytometry 观察了房间,由染色的 F 肌动朊的细胞骨架结构的变化,和房间周期的分发的女郎的活动。从 SLE 病人的 BM-MSCs 显示出表明 transduction, phosphorylated JAK2 的高水平,和 STAT3 的 JAK-STAT 的老朽,和反常激活的突出的特征。在在正常 MSC 的 IFN- 的刺激以后,发信号的 JAK-STAT 被激活。房间体积和联系老朽的牛乳糖的数字(SA -- 女郎) 在 SLE BM-MSCs 积极被增加。细胞骨架的组织是将近混乱的。房间增长的率被减少。AG490, JAK2 的禁止者,并且在 BM-MSCs 的 STAT3 击倒,能显著地颠倒老朽。在摘要,我们的学习显示 JAK-STAT 发信号小径可以在 SLE BM-MSCs 的老朽起一个关键作用。 | Juan Ji Yeqing Wu Yan Meng Lijuan Zhang Guijuan Feng Yunfei Xia Wenrong Xue Shuyang Zhao Zhifeng Gu Xiaoyi Shao | 2017 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2017，49，3： | 8 |
| 10 | Crustal velocity structures beneath North China revealed by ambient noise tomography显示文摘We collected continuous noise waveform data from January 2007 to February 2008 recorded by 190 broadband and 10 very broadband stations of the North China Seismic Array.The study region is divided into grid with interval 0.25°×0.25°,and group velocity distribution maps between 4 s and 30 s are obtained using ambient noise tomography method.The lateral resolution is estimated to be 20-50 km for most of the study area.We construct a 3-D S wave velocity model by inverting the pure path dispersion curve at each grid using a genetic algorithm with smoothing constraint.The crustal structure observed in the model includes sedimentary basins such as North China basin,Yanqing-Huailai basin and Datong basin.A well-defined low velocity zone is observed in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region in 22-30 km depth range,which may be related to the upwelling of hot mantle material.The high velocity zone near Datong,Shuozhou and Qingshuihe within the depth range of 1-23 km reveals stable characteristics of Ordos block.The Taihangshan front fault extends to 12 km depth at least. | Lihua Fang Jianping Wu Zhifeng Ding Weilai Wang Giuliano Francesco Panza | 2010 | Earthquake Science2010，23，5： | 7 |
| 11 | Recent Advances in Self-Supported Layered Double Hydroxides for Oxygen Evolution Reaction显示文摘Electrochemical water splitting driven by clean and sustainable energy sources to produce hydrogen is an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion technology.Water splitting involves hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),in which OER is the limiting factor and has attracted extensive research interest in the past few years.Conventional noble-metal-based OER electrocatalysts like IrO_(2) and RuO_(2) suffer from the limitations of high cost and scarce availability.Developing innovative alternative nonnoble metal electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and long-term durability to boost the OER process remains a significant challenge.Among all of the candidates for OER catalysis,selfsupported layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have emerged as one of the most promising types of electrocatalysts due to their unique layered structures and high electrocatalytic activity.In this review,we summarize the recent progress on self-supported LDHs and highlight their electrochemical catalytic performance.Specifically,synthesis methods,structural and compositional parameters,and influential factors for optimizing OER performance are discussed in detail.Finally,the remaining challenges facing the development of self-supported LDHs are discussed and perspectives on their potential for use in industrial hydrogen production through water splitting are provided to suggest future research directions. | Libo Wu Luo Yu Xin Xiao Fanghao Zhang Shaowei Song Shuo Chen Zhifeng Ren | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 7 |
| 12 | Change of BMD after Weaning or Resumption of Menstruation in Chinese Women with Different FokI VDR-genotypes:A Randomized,Placebo-controlled,Calcium Supplementation Trial显示文摘Objective To investigate the effect of calcium supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese women with different FokI vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotypes (FF,Ff,and ff) after weaning or resumption of menstruation during lactation.Methods A total of 40 subjects with the same FokI VDR genotype were randomly divided into two groups:one received calcium tablet (600 mg once daily as CaCO 3) and the other placebo tablet once daily for 1 year.At baseline,BMD was measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry at lumbar spine (L2‐L4) and at left hip whereas serum PICP,serum OC,and urinary CTX,serum 25(OH)VitD 3,and serum estradiol were measured at weaning and 1 year thereafter.Results After the intervention,BMD at lumbar spine and at left hip increased significantly in all these women with a trend among different FokI VDR genotypes such as FF > Ff > ff (P<0.05,<0.01,and <0.001,respectively).BMD at lumbar spine in women with FF VDR genotype increased much more rapidly than in those with ff VDR genotype (P<0.05).Compared with the control group women with the FF genotype regained more BMD after calcium supplementation (P<0.05).Conclusion Daily calcium 600 mg supplementation has beneficial effect on the bone health of women with FF VDR genotype. | YU Bo WU HongYing LI Fang GONG Jie ZHOU DunJin ZHANG ZhiFeng YANG XiaoGuang HUANG ZhenWu | 2011 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2011，24，3： | 6 |
| 13 | Upper crustal velocity and seismogenic environment of the M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake region in Sichuan, China显示文摘On August 8,2017,a magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurred in Jiuzhaigou County,Sichuan Province,China.The deep seismogenic environment and potential seismic risk in the eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau have once again attracted the close attention of seismologists and scholars at home and abroad.The post-earthquake scientific investigation could not identify noticeable surface rupture zones in the affected area;the complex tectonic background and the reason(s)for the frequent seismicity in the Jiuzhaigou earthquake region are unclear.In order to reveal the characteristics of the deep medium and the seismogenic environment of the M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake region,and to interpret the tectonic background and genesis of the seismicity comprehensively,in this paper,we have reviewed all available observation data recorded by the regional digital seismic networks and large-scale,dense mobile seismic array(China Array)for the northern section of the North-South Seismic Belt around Jiuzhaigou earthquake region.Using double-difference seismic tomography method to invert the three-dimensional P-wave velocity structure characteristics of the upper crust around the Jiuzhaigou earthquake region,we have analyzed and discussed such scientific questions as the relationship between the velocity structure characteristics and seismicity in the Jiuzhaigou earthquake region,its deep tectonic environment,and the ongoing seismic risk in this region.We report that:the P-wave velocity structure of the upper crust around the Jiuzhaigoug earthquake region exhibits obvious lateral inhomogeneity;the distribution characteristics of the shallow P-wave velocity structure are closely related to surface geological structure and formation lithology;the M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake sequence is closely related to the velocity structure of the upper crust;the mainshock of the M7.0 earthquake occurred in the upper crust;the inhomogeneous variation of the velocity structure of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake area and its surrounding medium appears to be the deep structural factor controlling the spatial distribution of the mainshock and its sequence.The 3D P-wave velocity structure also suggests that the crustal low-velocity layer of northeastern SGB(Songpan-GarzêBlock)stretches into MSM(Minshan Mountain),and migrates to the northeast,but the tendency to emerge as a shallow layer is impeded by the high-velocity zone of Nanping Nappe tectonics and the Bikou Block.Our results reveal an uneven distribution of high-and low-velocity structures around the Tazang segment of the East Kunlun fault zone.Given that the rupture caused by the Jiuzhaigou earthquake has enhanced the stress fields at both ends of the seismogenic fault,it is very important to stay vigilant to possible seismic hazards in the large seismic gap at the Maqu-Maqên segment of the East Kunlun fault zone. | DaHu Li ZhiFeng Ding Yan Zhan PingPing Wu LiJun Chang XiangYu Sun | 2021 | Earth and Planetary Physics2021，5，4： | 4 |
| 14 | The low-frequency variance of the ocean surface wave field in the area of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current显示文摘The low-frequency variance of the surface wave in the area of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and its correlation with the antarctic circumpolar wave (ACW) are focused on. The analysis of the series of 44 a significant wave height (SWH) interannual anomalies reveals that the SWH anomalies have a strong periodicity of about 4-5 a and this signal propagates eastward obviously from 1985 to 1995, which needs about 8 a to complete a mimacircle around the earth. The method of empirical orthogonal function (EOF) is used to analyze the filtered monthly SWH anomalies to study the spatio-temporal distributions and the propagation characteristics of the low-frequency signals in the wave field. Both the dominant wavenumber-2 pattern in space and the propagation feature in the south Pacific, the south Atlantic and the south Indian ocean show strong consistency with the ACW. So it is reasonable to conclude that the ACW signal also exists in the wave field. The ACW is important for the climate in the Southern Ocean, so it is worth to pay more attention to the large-scale effect of the surface wave, which may also be important for climate studies. | ZHANG Xiaoshuang WU Kejian WANG Bin WANG Zhifeng | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013，32，5： | 4 |
| 15 | Deep Seismogenic Environment in the Southern Section of the Longmenshan Fault Zone on the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau and Lushan M_s 7.0 Earthquake显示文摘The 2,026 earthquake events registered by the Sichuan regional digital seismic network and mobile seismic array after the April 20 th,2013 Lushan earthquake and 28,188 pieces of data were selected to determine direct P waves arrival times. We applied the tomographic method to inverse the characteristics of the velocity structure for the three-dimensional(3D) P wave in the mid-upper crust of the seismic source region of the Lushan earthquake. The imaging results were combined with the apparent magnetization inversion and magnetotelluric(MT) sounding retest data to comprehensively study the causes of the deep seismogenic environment in the southern section of the Longmenshan fault zone and explore the formation of the Lushan earthquake. Research has shown that there are obvious differences in velocity structure and magnetic distribution between the southern and northern sections of the Longmenshan fault zone. The epicenter of the Lushan earthquake is located near the boundary of the high and low-velocity anomalies and favorable for a high-velocity section. Moreover,at the epicenter of the Lushan earthquake located on the magnetic dome boundary of Ya'an,the development of high velocity and magnetic solid medium favors the accumulation and release of strain energy. Lowvelocity anomalies are distributed underneath the are of seismogenic origin,The inversion results of the MT retest data after the April 20 th Lushan earthquake also indicate that there a high-conductor anomaly occurs under the area of seismogenic origin of the Lushan earthquake,Therefore,we speculated that the presence of a high-conductivity anomaly and low-velocity anomaly underneath the seismogenic body of the Lushan earthquake could be related to the existence of fluids. The role of fluids caused the weakening of the seismogenic layer inside the mid-upper crust and resulted in a seismogenic fault that was prone to rupture and played a triggering role in the Lushan earthquake. | LI Dahu DING Zhifeng ZHAN Yan WU Pingping YE Qingdong | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Estimation and Prediction of Typhoons and Wave Overtopping in Qingdao, China显示文摘This study aims to estimate and predict the impact of climate change on typhoons and wave overtopping during typhoon progresses in Qingdao, China. The SWAN wave model is used to simulate wave elements. The scale coefficients of wave overtopping are estimated using an empirical prediction formula. A total of 75 tropical cyclones affected Qingdao from 1949 to 2019. These tropical cyclones can be grouped into eight categories according to typhoon tracks. Typhoon wind speed during Track G is projected to decrease, and those of the other seven typhoon progresses will increase by 0.35% – 0.75% in 2025, 0.69% – 1.5% in 2035, and 1.38% – 3.0% in 2055. The significant wave height and wave overtopping outside the bay are greater than those inside the bay. Among the 506 typical points selected, the maximum values of the significant wave height and wave overtopping inside the bay are mainly distributed in the range of 0 – 2 m and 0 – 60 m^3 km^(-1) s^(-1), respectively. The increments of the significant wave height and wave overtopping of Track F are most obvious. The significant wave height of Track F will increase by 50.5% in 2025, 51.8% in 2035, and 53.4% in 2055. In the 2℃ scenario, the maximum value of wave overtopping of Track F will increase by 21.9% in 2025, 24.3% in 2035, and 29.5% in 2055. In the 4℃ scenario, the maximum value of wave overtopping of Track F will increase by 21.9% in 2025, 24.3% in 2035, and 29.5% in 2055. | WANG Zhifeng LI Songtao HAO Yan MA Yan WU Kejian | 2020 | Journal of Ocean University of China2020，19，5： | 4 |
| 17 | Efficient inversions and duplications of mammalian regulatory DNA elements and gene clusters by CRISPR/Cas9显示文摘The human genome contains millions of DNA regulatory elements and a large number of gene clusters,most of which have not been tested experimentally.The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9(Cas9)programed with a synthetic single-guide RNA(sgRNA)emerges as a method for genome editing in virtually any organisms.Here we report that targeted DNA fragment inversions and duplications could easily be achieved in human and mouse genomes by CRISPR with two sgRNAs.Specifically,we found that,in cultured human cells and mice,efficient precise inversions of DNA fragments ranging in size froma few tens of bp to hundreds of kb could be generated.In addition,DNA fragment duplications and deletions could also be generated by CRISPR through trans-allelic recombination between the Cas9-induced double-strand breaks(DSBs)on two homologous chromosomes(chromatids).Moreover,junctions of combinatorial inversions and duplications of the protocadherin(Pcdh)gene clusters induced by Cas9 with four sgRNAs could be detected.In mice,we obtained founders with alleles of precise inversions,duplications,and deletions of DNA fragments of variable sizes by CRISPR.Interestingly,we found that very efficient inversions were mediated by microhomology-mediated end joining(MMEJ)through short inverted repeats.We showed for the first time that DNA fragment inversions could be transmitted through germlines in mice.Finally,we applied this CRISPR method to a regulatory element of the Pcdha cluster and found a new role in the regulation of members of the Pcdhg cluster.This simple and efficient method should be useful in manipulating mammalian genomes to study millions of regulatory DNA elements as well as vast numbers of gene clusters. | Jinhuan Li Jia Shou YaGuo Yuanxiao Tang YonghuWu Zhilian Jia Yanan Zhai Zhifeng Chen Quan Xu Qiang Wu | 2015 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2015，7，4： | 4 |
| 18 | Fighting Against COVID-19 at the Community Level—Wuhan City,Hubei Province,China,2020显示文摘Since December 2019,an increasing number of cases of pneumonia with unknown etiology(PUE)—later named as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by the World Health Organization(WHO)—was identified in Wuhan(1–3),a large city of 11 million people in central China,and the basic reproductive number(R0)was estimated to be 2.2(95%CI:1.4 to 3.9)(4).On March 11,2020,the WHO formally announced COVID-19 a worldwide pandemic based on the alarming levels of spread and severity and by the alarming levels of inaction(5).Although there is neither a vaccine nor specific medication available,the pandemic was well contained in China by the strict introduction of nonpharmacological interventions(NPIs)(6). | Canyou Zhang George FGao Zhifeng Wang Hao Wu | 2020 | China CDC weekly2020，2，25： | 4 |
| 19 | Wind Wave Characteristics and Engineering Environment of the South China Sea显示文摘Wave simulation was conducted for the period 1976 to 2005 in the South China Sea(SCS) using the wave model, WAVEWATCH-III. Wave characteristics and engineering environment were studied in the region. The wind input data are from the objective reanalysis wind datasets, which assimilate meteorological data from several sources. Comparisons of significant wave heights between simulation and TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter and buoy data show a good agreement in general. By statistical analysis, the wave characteristics, such as significant wave heights, dominant wave directions, and their seasonal variations, were discussed. The largest significant wave heights are found in winter and the smallest in spring. The annual mean dominant wave direction is northeast(NE) along the southwest(SW)-NE axis, east northeast in the northwest(NW) part of SCS, and north northeast in the southeast(SE) part of SCS. The joint distributions of wave heights and wave periods(directions) were studied. The results show a single peak pattern for joint significant wave heights and periods, and a double peak pattern for joint significant wave heights and mean directions. Furthermore, the main wave extreme parameters and directional extreme values, particularly for the 100-year return period, were also investigated. The main extreme values of significant wave heights are larger in the northern part of SCS than in the southern part, with the maximum value occurring to the southeast of Hainan Island. The direction of large directional extreme Hs values is focus in E in the northern and middle sea areas of SCS, while the direction of those is focus in N in the southeast sea areas of SCS. | WANG Zhifeng ZHOU Liangming DONG Sheng WU Lunyu LI Zhanbin MOU Lin WANG Aifang | 2014 | Journal of Ocean University of China2014，13，6： | 4 |
| 20 | Highly sensitive solar-blind deep ultraviolet photodetector based on graphene/PtSe_(2)/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)2D/3D Schottky junction with ultrafast speed显示文摘There is an emerging need for high-sensitivity solar-blind deep ultraviolet(DUV)photodetectors with an ultra-fast response speed.Although nanoscale devices based on Ga_(2)O_(3)nanostructures have been developed,their practical applications are greatly limited by their slow response speed as well as low specific detectivity.Here,the successful fabrication of two-/three-dimensional(2D/3D)graphene(Gr)/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction devices for high-sensitivity solar-blind DUV photodetectors is demonstrated.Benefitting from the high-quality 2D/3D Schottky junction,the vertically stacked structure,and the superior-quality transparent graphene electrode for effective carrier collection,the photodetector is highly sensitive to DUV light illumination and achieves a high responsivity of 76.2 mA/W,a large on/off current ratio of~105,along with an ultra-high ultraviolet(UV)/visible rejection ratio of 1.8×104.More importantly,it has an ultra-fast response time of 12µs and a remarkable specific detectivity of~1013 Jones.Finally,an excellent DUV imaging capability has been identified based on the Gr/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction photodetector,demonstrating its great potential application in DUV imaging systems. | Di Wu Zhihui Zhao Wei Lu Lukas Rogée Longhui Zeng Pei Lin Zhifeng Shi Yongtao Tian Xinjian Li Yuen Hong Tsang | 2021 | Nano Research2021，14，6： | 4 |
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