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| 1 | Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of Wheat-Thinopyrum elongatum Addition,Substitution and Translocation Lines with a Novel Source of Resistance to Wheat Fusarium Head Blight显示文摘Thinopyrum elongatum(2n = 2x = 14,EE),a wild relative of wheat,has been suggested as a potentially novel source of resistance to several major wheat diseases including Fusarium Head Blight(FHB).In this study,a series of wheat(cv.Chinese Spring,CS) substitution and ditelosomic lines,including Th.elongatum additions,were assessed for TypeⅡresistance to FHB.Results indicated that the lines containing chromosome 7E of Th.elongatum gave a high level of resistance to FHB,wherein the infection did not spread beyond the inoculated floret.Furthermore,it was determined that the novel resistance gene(s) of 7E was located on the short-arm(7ES) based on sharp difference in FHB resistance between the two 7E ditelosomic lines for each arm.On the other hand,Th.elongatum chromosomes 5E and 6E likely contain gene(s) for susceptibility to FHB because the disease spreads rapidly within the inoculated spikes of these lines. Genomic in situ hybridization(GISH) analysis revealed that the alien chromosomes in the addition and substitution lines were intact,and the lines did not contain discernible genomic aberrations.GISH and multicolor-GISH analyses were further performed on three translocation lines that also showed high levels of resistance to FHB.Lines TA3499 and TA3695 were shown to contain one pair of wheat-Th. elongatum translocated chromosomes involving fragments of 7D plus a segment of the 7E,while line TA3493 was found to contain one pair of wheat-Th.elongatum translocated chromosomes involving the D- and A-genome chromosomes of wheat.Thus,this study has established that the short-arm of chromosome 7E of Th.elongatum harbors gene(s) highly resistant to the spreading of FHB,and chromatin of 7E introgressed into wheat chromosomes largely retained the resistance,implicating the feasibility of using these lines as novel material for breeding FHB-resistant wheat cultivars. | Shulan Fu Zhenling Lv Bao Qi Xiang Guo Jun Li Bao Liu Fangpu Han | 2012 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2012，39，2： | 35 |
| 2 | Efficient Targeted Genome Modification in Maize Using CRISPR/Cas9 System显示文摘CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 system, which is a newly developed technology for targeted genome modification, has been successfully used in a number of species. In this study, we applied this technology to carry out targeted genome modification in maize. A marker gene Zmzb7 was chosen for targeting. The sg RNA-Cas9 construct was transformed into maize protoplasts, and indel(insertion and deletion) mutations could be detected. A mutant seedling with an expected albino phenotype was obtained from screening 120 seedlings generated from 10 callus events. Mutation efficiency in maize heterochromatic regions was also investigated. Twelve sites with different expression levels in maize centromeres or pericentromere regions were selected. The sg RNACas9 constructs were transformed into protoplasts followed by sequencing the transformed protoplast genomic DNA. The results show that the genes in heterochromatic regions could be targeted by the CRISPR/Cas9 system efficiently, no matter whether they are expressed or not. Meanwhile, off-target mutations were not found in the similar sites having no PAM(protospacer adjacent motif) or having more than two mismatches. Together, our results show that the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a robust and efficient tool for genome modification in both euchromatic and heterochromatic regions in maize. | Chao Feng Jing Yuan Rui Wang Yang Liu James A. Birchler Fangpu Han | 2016 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2016，43，1： | 20 |
| 3 | Rapid genomic changes in polyploid wheat and related species:implications for genome evolution and genetic improvement显示文摘A polyploid organism by possessing more than two sets of chromosomes from one species (autopolyploidy) or two or more species (allopolyploidy) is known to have evolutionary advantages. However, by what means a polyploid accommodates increased genetic dosage or divergent genomes (allopolyploidy) in one cell nucleus and cytoplasm constitutes an enormous challenge. Recent years have witnessed efforts and progress in exploring the possible mechanisms by which these seemingly intangible hurdles of polyploidy may be ameliorated or eventually overcome. In particular, the documentation of rapid and extensive non-Mendelian genetic and epigenetic changes that often accompany nascent polyploidy is revealing: the resulting non-additive and novel gene expression at global, regional and local levels, and timely restoration of meiotic chromosomal behavior towards bivalent pairing and disomic inheritance may ensure rapid establishment and stabilization as well as its long-term evolutionary success. Further elucidation on these novel mechanisms underpinning polyploidy will promote our understanding on fundamental issues in evolutionary biology and in our manipulation capacities in future genetic improvement of important crops that are currently polyploids in genomic constitution. This review is intended to provide an updated discussion on these interesting and important issues within the scope of a specific yet one of the most important plant groups-polyploid wheat and its related species. | Bao Liu Chunming Xu Na Zhao Bao Qi Josphert N. Kimatu Jinsong Pang Fangpu Han | 2009 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2009，36，9： | 10 |
| 4 | Wheat genomic study for genetic improvement of traits in China显示文摘Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a major crop that feeds 40%of the world’s population.Over the past several decades,advances in genomics have led to tremendous achievements in understanding the origin and domestication of wheat,and the genetic basis of agronomically important traits,which promote the breeding of elite varieties.In this review,we focus on progress that has been made in genomic research and genetic improvement of traits such as grain yield,end-use traits,flowering regulation,nutrient use efficiency,and biotic and abiotic stress responses,and various breeding strategies that contributed mainly by Chinese scientists.Functional genomic research in wheat is entering a new era with the availability of multiple reference wheat genome assemblies and the development of cutting-edge technologies such as precise genome editing tools,highthroughput phenotyping platforms,sequencing-based cloning strategies,high-efficiency genetic transformation systems,and speed-breeding facilities.These insights will further extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying agronomic traits and facilitate the breeding process,ultimately contributing to more sustainable agriculture in China and throughout the world. | Jun Xiao Bao Liu Yingyin Yao Zifeng Guo Haiyan Jia Lingrang Kong Aimin Zhang Wujun Ma Zhongfu Ni Shengbao Xu Fei Lu Yuannian Jiao Wuyun Yang Xuelei Lin Silong Sun Zefu Lu Lifeng Gao Guangyao Zhao Shuanghe Cao Qian Chen Kunpu Zhang Mengcheng Wang Meng Wang Zhaorong Hu Weilong Guo Guoqiang Li Xin Ma Junming Li Fangpu Han Xiangdong Fu Zhengqiang Ma Daowen Wang Xueyong Zhang Hong-Qing Ling Guangmin Xia Yiping Tong Zhiyong Liu Zhonghu He Jizeng Jia Kang Chong | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，9： | 9 |
| 5 | Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization and Stem Rust Resistance of Five Wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum Partial Amphiploids显示文摘Partial amphiploids created by crossing common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) and Thinopyrum ponticum(Podp.) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases.In this study,we examined the chromosome compositions of five Xiaoyan-series wheat-Th.ponticum partial amphiploids(Xiaoyan 68.Xiaoyan 693,Xiaoyan 784,Xiaoyan 7430,and Xiaoyan 7631) using GISH,multicolor-GISH.and multicolor-FISH.We found several chromosome changes in these lines.For example,wheat chromosomes 1B and 2B were added in Xiaoyan 68 and Xiaoyan 7430,respectively,while wheat chromosome6 B was eliminated from Xiaoyan 693 and Xiaoyan 7631.Chromosome rearrangements were also detected in these amphiploids.including an interspecific translocation involving chromosome 4D and some inlergenomic translocations,such as A-B and A-D translocations,among wheat genomes.Analysis of the Th.ponticum chromosomes in the amphiploids showed that some lines shared the same alien chromosomes.We also evaluated these partial amphiploids for resistance to nine races of stem rust,including TTKSK(commonly known as Ug99).Three lines,Xiaoyan 68,Xiaoyan 784,and Xiaoyan 7430,exhibited excellent resistance to ail nine races,and could therefore be valuable sources of stem rust resistance in wheat breeding. | Qi Zheng Zhenling Lv Zhixia Niu Bin Li Hongwei Li Steven S.Xu Fangpu Han Zhensheng Li | 2014 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2014，41，11： | 9 |
| 6 | Dicentric Chromosome Formation and Epigenetics of Centromere Formation in Plants显示文摘Plant centromeres are generally composed of tandem arrays of simple repeats that form a complex chromosome locus where the kinetochore forms and microtubules attach during mitosis and meiosis. Each chromosome has one centromere region, which is essential for accurate division of the genetic material. Recently, chromosomes containing two centromere regions (called dicentric chromosomes) have been found in maize and wheat. Interestingly, some dicentric chromosomes are stable because only one centromere is active and the other one is inactivated. Because such arrays maintain their typical structure for both active and inactive centromeres, the specification of centromere activity has an epigenetic component independent of the DNA sequence. Under some circumstances, the inactive centromeres may recover centromere function, which is called centromere reactivation. Recent studies have highlighted the important changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, that occur during centromere inactivation and reactivation. | Shulan Fu Zhi Gao James Birchler Fangpu Han | 2012 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2012，39，3： | 5 |
| 7 | Alteration of Terminal Heterochromatin and Chromosome Rearrangements in Derivatives of Wheat-Rye Hybrids显示文摘小麦黑麦增加和替换线和他们的自我子孙在 telomeric heterochromatin 和着丝点揭示了变化。而且,一个有丝分裂地不稳定的 dicentric 染色体和稳定的 multicentric 染色体在一根中国春天帝国的黑麦 3R 增加线的子孙被观察。一个不稳定的 multicentric 染色体在一根 6R/6D 替换线的子孙被发现。包括终端 heterochromatin 的运动和消失的终端 heterochromatin 的激烈的变化发生在小麦黑麦增加线 3R,和 5RS ditelosomic 增加线的子孙。高度稳定的 minichromosomes 在一根 monosomic 4R 增加线,一根 ditelosomic 5RS 增加线和一根 6R/6D 替换线的子孙被观察。有或没有为 telomeric DNA (TTTAGGG ) n 的 FISH 信号, Minichromosomes 源于一根 monosomic 4R 增加线对下一代稳定、能递送。结果显示着丝点和终端 heterochromatin 能深刻地在小麦黑麦混血儿衍生物被改变。 | Shulan Fu Zhenling Lv Xiang Guo Xiangqi Zhang Fangpu Han | 2013 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2013，40，8： | 3 |
| 8 | Characterization and Genome Changes of New Amphiploids from Wheat Wide Hybridization显示文摘引进外来基因或染色体片段的野生亲缘种小麦(Triticum spp.)一直被认为是小麦育种的宝贵(valkoun,2001)。几个亲戚,如黑麦(Gupta和牧羊人,1993;马等人。,2000),长穗偃麦草(刘等人。,2008),第。中间偃麦草(曹等人。,2014)和日。麦草(Li等人。,2008)表现出明显的应用有趣的基因或性状导入小麦。然而,在使用这些遗传资源仍然存在一些挑战。导入片段往往带来外来基因对性状的潜在的负面影响。在这封信中,我们主要集中在小麦和黑麦之间的多倍体合成的多策略,日。长穗偃麦草,日。麦草和TH。麦草。我们已经成功地选择了不同的新的倍体小黑麦、小偃麦线进行优良的抗病基因,为小麦育种提供了重要的遗传资源。 | Xiang Guo Qinghua Shi Jing Wang Yanlin Hou Yuhai Wang Fangpu Han | 2015 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2015，42，8： | 3 |
| 9 | Molecular Mechanisms of Homologous Chromosome Pairing and Segregation in Plants显示文摘In most eukaryotic species,three basic steps of pairing,recombination and synapsis occur during prophase of meiosis I.Homologous chromosomal pairing and recombination are essential for accurate segregation of chromosomes.In contrast to the well-studied processes such as recombination and synapsis,many aspects of chromosome pairing are still obscure.Recent progress in several species indicates that the telomere bouquet formation can facilitate homologous chromosome pairing by bringing chromosome ends into close proximity,but the sole presence of telomere clustering is not sufficient for recognizing homologous pairs.On the other hand,accurate segregation of the genetic material from parent to offspring during meiosis is dependent on the segregation of homologs in the reductional meiotic division(MI)with sister kinetochores exhibiting mono-orientation from the same pole,and the segregation of sister chromatids during the equational meiotic division(MII)with kinetochores showing bi-orientation from the two poles.The underlying mechanism of orientation and segregation is still unclear.Here we focus on recent studies in plants and other species that provide insight into how chromosomes find their partners and mechanisms mediating chromosomal segregation. | Jing Zhang Bing Zhang Handong Sua James A.Birchler Fangpu Han | 2014 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2014，41，3： | 2 |
| 10 | Centromere Epigenetics in Plants显示文摘The centromere is an essential chromosome site at which the kinetochore forms and loads proteins needed for faithful segregation during the cell cycle and meiosis(Houben et al., 1999;Cleveland et al.,2003;Ma et al.,2007;Birchler and Han,2009).Centromere specific sequences such as tandem repeats or transposable elements evolve quickly both within and between the species but have conserved kinetochore proteins(Henikoff and Furuyama,2010).The universal | James A.Birchler Fangpu Han | 2013 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2013，40，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Advances in plant chromosome identification and cytogenetic techniques显示文摘 | Akio Kato Juan M Vega Fangpu Han | 2005 | Current Opinion in Plant Biology2005，8，： | 1 |
| 12 | Advances in plant chromosome identification and cytogenetic techniques 显示文摘 | Akio Kato Juan M Vega Fangpu Han | 2005 | Current Opintion in Plant Biology2005，，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Extensive and Heritable Epigenetic Remodeling and Genetic Stability Accompany Allohexaploidization of Wheat显示文摘 | Zhao Na Zhu Bo Li Mingjiu Wang Li Xu Liying Zhang Huakun Zheng Shuangshuang Qi Bao Han Fangpu Liu Bao | 2011 | Genetics2011，，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Development of Triticum aestivume——Leymus mollis Translocation Lines and Identification of Resistance to Stripe Rust显示文摘Wheat stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici,is one of the most widely distributed and destructive fungal diseases worldwide.Since 1995,most Chinese wheat cultivars have lost their stripe rust resistance due to the subsequent emergence of the new races CYR30,CYR31,CYR32,and CYR33(Han et al.,2010).Therefore,it is necessary to seek effective resistance genes and develop new resistance germplasm for wheat resistance breeding. | Haoxun Li Renchun Fan Shulan Fu Bo Wei Shichang Xu Jing Feng Qi Zheng Xianping Wang Fangpu Han Xiangqi Zhang | 2015 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2015，42，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Advances in plant chromosome identification and cytogenetic techniques显示文摘 | Akio Kato Juan M Vega Fangpu Han | 2005 | Current Opintion in Plant Biology2005，8，： | 1 |
| 16 | Centromere pairing precedes meiotic chromosome pairing in plants显示文摘Meiosis is a specialized eukaryotic cell division, in which diploid cells undergo a single round of DNA replication and two rounds of nuclear division to produce haploid gametes. In most eukaryotes, the core events of meiotic prophase I are chromosomal pairing,synapsis and recombination. To ensure accurate chromosomal segregation, homologs have to identify and align along each other at the onset of meiosis. Although much progress has been made in elucidating meiotic processes, information on the mechanisms underlying chromosome pairing is limited in contrast to the meiotic recombination and synapsis events. Recent research in many organisms indicated that centromere interactions during early meiotic prophase facilitate homologous chromosome pairing, and functional centromere is a prerequisite for centromere pairing such as in maize. Here, we summarize the recent achievements of chromosome pairing research on plants and other organisms, and outline centromere interactions, nuclear chromosome orientation,and meiotic cohesin, as main determinants of chromosome pairing in early meiotic prophase. | jing zhang fangpu han | 2017 | Science China(Life Sciences)2017，60，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Genomic constitution and variation in five partial amphiploids of wheat- Thinopyrum intermedium as revealed by GISH, multicolor GISH and seed storage protein analysis 显示文摘 | Fangpu Han Bao Liu George Fedak | 2004 | Theor Appl Genet2004，109，： | 1 |
| 18 | Site-specific transfer of chromosomal segments and genes in wheat engineered chromosomes显示文摘Recently, engineered minichromosomes have been produced using a telomere-mediated truncation technique in some plants. However, the study on transferring genes to minichromosomes is very limited.Here, telomere-mediated truncation was successfully performed in common wheat(Triticum aestivum)to generate stable truncated chromosomes accompanied by a relatively high frequency of chromosomal rearrangements. After the cross between transgenic parents, a promoter-less DsRed gene in a chromosome from one parent was transferred to another chromosome from the other parent at the site behind a maize ubiquitin promoter via the Cre/lox system. DsRed transcripts and red fluorescent proteins were detected in the recombinant plants. In one such seedling, transgenic signals were detected at the centric terminus of chromosome 4D and the distal terminus of chromosome 3A. Clear translocations could be detected at the transgenic loci of these two chromosomes. Intriguingly, signals of centric-specific sequences were co-localized with the translocated D-group chromosomal segment in the terminal region of chromosome 3A. Our results indicate that the Cre/lox system induces the gene swapping to the target chromosome and non-homologous chromosomal recombination simultaneously. These approaches could offer a platform to transfer large DNA fragments or even terminal chromosomal segments to other chromosomes of the natural genome. | Jing Yuan Qinghua Shi Xiang Guo Yalin Liu Handong Su Xianrui Guo Zhenling Lv Fangpu Han | 2017 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2017，44，11： | 0 |
| 19 | Recent advances in plant centromere biology显示文摘The centromere, which is one of the essential parts of a chromosome, controls kinetochore formation and chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. While centromere function is conserved in eukaryotes, the centromeric DNA sequences evolve rapidly and have few similarities among species. The histone H3 variant CENH3(CENP-A in human), which mostly exists in centromeric nucleosomes, is a universal active centromere mark in eukaryotes and plays an essential role in centromere identity determination. The relationship between centromeric DNA sequences and centromere identity determination is one of the intriguing questions in studying centromere formation. Due to the discoveries in the past decades, including 'neocentromeres' and 'centromere inactivation', it is now believed that the centromere identity is determined by epigenetic mechanisms. This review will present recent progress in plant centromere biology. | FENG Chao LIU YaLin SU HanDong WANG HeFei BIRCHLER James HAN FangPu | 2015 | Science China(Life Sciences)2015，58，3： | 0 |
| 20 | Maize centromeres:where sequence meets epigenetics显示文摘The centromere is a highly organized structure mainly composed of repeat sequences,which make this region extremely difficult for sequencing and other analyses.It plays a conserved role in equal division of chromosomes into daughter cells in both mitosis and meiosis.However,centromere sequences show notable plasticity.In a dicentric chromosome,one of the centromeres can become inactivated with the underlying DNA unchanged.Furthermore,formerly inactive centromeres can regain activity under certain conditions.In addition,neocentromeres without centromeric repeats have been found in a wide spectrum of species.This evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms together with centromeric sequences are associated with centromere specification. | Wenchao YIN James A.BIRCHLER Fangpu HAN | 2011 | Frontiers in Biology2011，6，2： | 0 |
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