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| 1 | Locating Parent Lightning Strokes of Sprites Observed over a Mesoscale Convective System in Shandong Province,China显示文摘In this paper, we report the location results for the parent lightning strokes of more than 30 red sprites observed over an asymmetric mesoscale convective system(MCS) on 30 July 2015 in Shandong Province, China, with a long-baseline lightning location network of very-low-frequency/low-frequency magnetic field sensors. The results show that almost all of these cloud-to-ground(CG) strokes are produced during the mature stage of the MCS, and are predominantly located in the trailing stratiform region, which is similar to analyses of sprite-productive MCSs in North America and Europe. Comparison between the location results for the sprite-producing CG strokes and those provided by the World Wide Lightning Location Network(WWLLN) indicates that the location accuracy of WWLLN for intense CG strokes in Shandong Province is typically within 10 km, which is consistent with the result based on analysis of 2838 sprite-producing CG strokes in the continental United States. Also, we analyze two cases where some minor lightning discharges in the parent flash of sprites can also be located, providing an approach to confine the thundercloud region tapped by the sprite-producing CG strokes. | Anjing HUANG Gaopeng LU Hongbo ZHANG Feifan LIU Yanfeng FAN Baoyou ZHU Jing YANG Zhichao WANG | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，11： | 5 |
| 2 | Analysis of a Mesoscale Convective System that Produced a Single Sprite显示文摘Sprites are brief optical emissions occurring above thunderstorms. Features of sprites and their parent thunderstorms and lightning activities have been studied by many researchers. Here, we report a single sprite recorded over a mesoscale convective system during its life cycle in Northeast China. The results show that the sprite might have been a dancing one,with a 20 km horizontal displacement from its parent cloud-to-ground flash(CG) and a 38 ms time delay; all the sprite elements occurred during the continuing current process of the parent flash. The peak current of the parent CG was the largest during the almost one-hour time window containing the sprite, and the absolute values of all the negative flashes were smaller than 100 k A during the same time period and did not produce sprite. The sprite did not occur during the time period in which the maximum area of the thunderstorm reached. The occurrence of sprite corresponded well with the decay of the thunderstorm convection, and no significant relationship between the occurrence of sprite and the increase in the 30–35 d BZ and 35–40 d BZ interval was found. The large wind gradient in the 8–12 km region of the thunderstorm may have played an important role in the sprite production. | Jing YANG Gaopeng LU Ningyu LIU Haihua CU Yu WANG Morris COHEN | 2017 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2017，34，2： | 3 |
| 3 | CCAR1 5' UTR as a natural miRancer of miR-1254 overrides tamoxifen resistance显示文摘 | Gaopeng Li Xiaoli Wu Wenchang Qian Huayong Cai Xinbao Sun Weijie Zhang Sheng Tan Zhengsheng Wu Pengxu Qian Keshuo Ding Xuefei Lu Xiao Zhang Hong Yan Haifeng Song Shouhong Guang Qingfa Wu Peter E Lobie Ge Shan Tao Zhu | 2016 | Cell Research2016，26，6： | 3 |
| 4 | Polarized holographic lithography system for high-uniformity microscale patterning with periodic tunability显示文摘Periodic microscale array structures play an important role in diverse applications involving photonic crystals and diffraction gratings.A polarized holographic lithography system is proposed for patterning high-uniformity microscale two-dimensional crossed-grating structures with periodic tunability.Orthogonal two-axis Lloyd’s mirror interference and polarization modulation produce three sub-beams,enabling the formation of two-dimensional crossed-grating patterns with wavelength-comparable periods by a single exposure.The two-dimensional-pattern period can also be flexibly tuned by adjusting the interferometer spatial positioning.Polarization states of three sub-beams,defining the uniformity of the interference fringes,are modulated at their initial-polarization states based on a strict full polarization tracing model in a three-dimensional space.A polarization modulation model is established considering two conditions of eliminating the unexpected interference and providing the desired identical interference intensities.The proposed system is a promising approach for fabricating high-uniformity two-dimensional crossed gratings with a relatively large grating period range of 500–1500 nm.Moreover,our rapid and stable approach for patterning period-tunable two-dimensional-array microstructures with high uniformity could be applicable to other multibeam interference lithography techniques. | Gaopeng Xue Qihang Zhai Haiou Lu Qian Zhou Kai Ni Liyu Lin Xiaohao Wang Xinghui Li | 2021 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2021，7，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Triangulation of red sprites observed above a mesoscale convective system in North China显示文摘The triangulation of red sprites was obtained, based on concurrent observations over a mesoscale convective system(MCS) in North China from two stations separated by about 450 km. In addition, broadband sferics from the sprite-producing lightning were measured at five ground stations, making it possible to locate and identify the individual causative lightning discharges for different elements in this dancing sprite event. The results of our analyses indicate that the sprites were produced above the trailing stratiform region of the MCS, and their parent strokes were located mainly in the peripheral area of the stratiform. The lateral offset between sprites and causative strokes ranges from a few km to more than 50 km. In a particularly bright sprite, with a distinct halo feature and streamers descending down to an altitude of approximately 48 km, the sprite current signal identified in the electric sferic, measured at a range of about 1,110 km, peaked at approximately 1 ms after the return stroke. | YongPing Wang GaoPeng Lu Ming Ma HongBo Zhang YanFeng Fan GuoJin Liu ZheRun Wan Yu Wang Kang-Ming Peng ChangZhi Peng FeiFan Liu BaoYou Zhu BinBin Ni XuDong Gu Long Chen Juan Yi RuoXian Zhou | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，2： | 2 |
| 6 | Understanding the dynamical-microphysical-electrical processes associated with severe thunderstorms over the Beijing metropolitan region显示文摘The Dynamical-microphysical-electrical Processes in Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning Hazards(STORM973)project conducted coordinated comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in the Beijing metropolitan region(BMR)during the warm season from 2014 to 2018.The aim of the project was to understand how dynamical,microphysical and electrical processes interact in severe thunderstorms in the BMR,and how to assimilate lightning data in numerical weather prediction models to improve severe thunderstorm forecasts.The platforms used in the field campaign included the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET,consisting of 16 stations),2 X-band dual linear polarimetric Doppler radars,and 4 laser raindrop spectrometers.The collaboration also made use of the China Meteorological Administration’s mesoscale meteorological observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Although diverse thunderstorm types were documented,it was found that squall lines and multicell storms were the two major categories of severe thunderstorms with frequent lightning activity and extreme rainfall or unexpected local short-duration heavy rainfall resulting in inundations in the central urban area,influenced by the terrain and environmental conditions.The flash density maximums were found in eastern Changping District,central and eastern Shunyi District,and the central urban area of Beijing,suggesting that the urban heat island effect has a crucial role in the intensification of thunderstorms over Beijing.In addition,the flash rate associated with super thunderstorms can reach hundreds of flashes per minute in the central city regions.The super(5%of the total),strong(35%),and weak(60%)thunderstorms contributed about 37%,56%,and 7%to the total flashes in the BMR,respectively.Owing to the close connection between lightning activity and the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the thunderstorms,the lightning flash rate can be used as an indicator of severe weather events,such as hail and short-duration heavy rainfall.Lightning data can also be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models to help improve the forecasting of severe convection and precipitation at the cloud-resolved scale,through adjusting or correcting the thermodynamic and microphysical parameters of the model. | Xiushu QIE Shanfeng YUAN Zhixiong CHEN Dongfeng WANG Dongxia LIU Mengyu SUN Zhuling SUN Abhay SRIVASTAVA Hongbo ZHANG Jingyu LU Hui XIAO Yongheng BI Liang FENG Ye TIAN Yan XU Rubin JIANG Mingyuan LIU Xian XIAO Shu DUAN Debin SU Chengyun SUN Wenjing XU Yijun ZHANG Gaopeng LU Da-Lin ZHANG Yan YIN Ye YU | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Transient electric field at high altitudes due to lightning: Possible role of induction field in the formation of elves 显示文摘 | Lu Gaopeng | 2006 | J Geophys Res2006，111，02： | 1 |
| 8 | Synergism of polysiloxane and zinc borate flame retardant显示文摘 | Sinuo Yang Gaopeng Lu Yuan Liu | 2013 | Polymer Degradation and Stability2013，98，： | 1 |
| 9 | A Review of Atmospheric Electricity Research in China from 2019 to 2022显示文摘Atmospheric electricity is composed of a series of electric phenomena in the atmosphere.Significant advances in atmospheric electricity research conducted in China have been achieved in recent years.In this paper,the research progress on atmospheric electricity achieved in China during 2019-22 is reviewed focusing on the following aspects:(1)lightning detection and location techniques,(2)thunderstorm electricity,(3)lightning forecasting methods and techniques,(4)physical processes of lightning discharge,(5)high energy emissions and effects of thunderstorms on the upper atmosphere,and(6)the effect of aerosol on lightning. | Weitao LYU Dong ZHENG Yang ZHANG Wen YAO Rubin JIANG Shanfeng YUAN Dongxia LIU Fanchao LYU Baoyou ZHU Gaopeng LU Qilin ZHANG Yongbo TAN Xuejuan WANG Yakun LIU Shaodong CHEN Lyuwen CHEN Qingyong LI Yijun ZHANG | 2023 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2023，40，8： | 0 |
| 10 | Development of a low-frequency magnetic lightning mapping system(LFM-LMS)in North China:validation and preliminary results显示文摘A low-frequency magnetic lightning mapping system(LFM-LMS)was built during the SHAndong Triggered Lightning Experiment(SHATLE),based on continuous measurements of magnetic field radiation from lightning.The hardware and source-mapping techniques used by the LFM-LMS were introduced;both Monte Carlo simulations and the observation of rocket-triggered lightning examples were employed to examine the location accuracy and detection effectiveness of the LFM-LMS.We estimated that the system’s location accuracy about 100−200 m horizontally and~200 m vertically.A natural intra-cloud lightning flash and a rocket-triggered lightning flash,both with intricate structures and discharging processes,were examined using the three-dimensional mapping results.The progressing path of negative lightning leaders is usually well-defined,and its propagation speed is estimated to be(0.5−1.4)×10^(6)m/s.In summary,the LFM-LMS can reconstruct the three-dimensional morphology of lightning flashes;this technology provides a efficient method for investigating the characteristics of lightning development,as well as the overall electrical strucuture of thunderstorms. | Xiao Li GaoPeng Lu FanChao Lyu HongBo Zhang Kainat Qamar RuBin Jiang | 2023 | Earth and Planetary Physics2023，7，4： | 0 |
| 11 | Automatic recognition of tweek atmospherics and plasma diagnostics in the lower ionosphere with the machine learning method显示文摘Tweek atmospherics are extremely low frequency and very low frequency pulse signals with frequency dispersion characteristics that originate from lightning discharges and that propagate in the Earth–ionosphere waveguide over long distances.In this study,we developed an automatic method to recognize tweek atmospherics and diagnose the lower ionosphere based on the machine learning method.The differences(automatic−manual)in each ionosphere parameter between the automatic method and the manual method were−0.07±2.73 km,0.03±0.92 cm^(−3),and 91±1,068 km for the ionospheric reflection height(h),equivalent electron densities at reflection heights(Ne),and propagation distance(d),respectively.Moreover,the automatic method is capable of recognizing higher harmonic tweek sferics.The evaluation results of the model suggest that the automatic method is a powerful tool for investigating the long-term variations in the lower ionosphere. | Mao Zhang GaoPeng Lu HaiLiang Huang ZhengWei Cheng YaZhou Chen Steven A.Cummer JiaYi Zheng JiuHou Lei | 2023 | Earth and Planetary Physics2023，7，3： | 0 |
| 12 | Recent observations and research progresses of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes during thunderstorms显示文摘Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes(TGFs)are high-energy emissions in thunderstorms that were discovered first by satellite-based and then by ground-based gamma-ray detectors with photon energy up to tens of Me V.TGFs are a natural highenergy phenomenon associated with lightning discharges that frequently occur during thunderstorms.However,their production mechanisms and associated processes are still unclear.TGF studies have already been a research spotlight in the atmospheric electricity and high-energy atmosphere research areas.In this paper,we review recent research progresses on TGF studies in the past decade,including TGF detection,the relationship between TGFs and lightning processes,and thunderstorm activities.Several unsolved important scientific questions are discussed.Results suggest that upward TGFs observed by satellite-based detectors are closely connected with the development of in-cloud upward negative leaders.They are usually generated in milliseconds of the initiation of upward negative leaders and may produce a kind of distinct radio emissions because of the generation and propagation of huge amounts of high-energy electrons.By contrast,its counterpart,i.e.,downward TGFs observed by ground-based gamma-ray detectors,is associated with different types of lightning processes,such as downward negative or upward positive leaders,the initial continuing current stage of rocket-triggered lightning flashes return stroke processes.Because of limited observations,how these downward TGFs are generated is still unclear.Benefiting from the development of state-of-the-art instruments with high temporal and spatial resolutions,new insights into the processes and mechanisms of TGFs will be achieved with coordinated observations from satellite-based and ground-based measurements. | Fanchao LYU Yijun ZHANG Gaopeng LU Baoyou ZHU Hongbo ZHANG Wei XU Shaolin XIONG Weitao LYU | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，3： | 0 |
| 13 | Propagation of positive, negative, and recoil leaders in upward lightning flashes显示文摘Leader propagation is a fundamental issue in lightning physics. The propagation characteristics of positive leaders and negative leaders are summarized and compared based on data from high-speed camera and electromagnetic field in rocket-triggered lightning and tower-initiated lightning discharges; available channel base current data recorded in rocket-triggered lightning are also used. The negative leaders propagate in a stepped fashion accompanied by many branches. The stems ahead of the negative leader tip determine the manner and direction of the leader propagation, and even the branching and winding of the lightning channel. The impulsive current, electromagnetic field, and related optical images suggest that the positive leader may develop in a step-like fashion at its initial stage of triggered lightning. However, the stepping processes of the positive leader are obviously different from those of the negative leader. Tower-initiated lightning revealed that the most conspicuous characteristics of the stepwise positive leader involve the intermittent brush-like corona zone in front of the leader tip and the luminosity enhancement of the channel behind the tip. In rockettriggered lightning flashes, the charge transferred during an individual step for the negative leader was nearly an order greater than for the positive counterpart. The successive streamers ahead of the leader tip are essential for both negative and positive leader propagation, and the stems could be formed from one or more streamers in the previous negative streamer zone with the main leader channel dim. High-resolution observation of tower lightning also revealed a new type of bidirectional recoil leader, with polarity contrary to the traditional one, traversing in negative channels associated with tower-initiated and rocket-triggered lightning. | XiuShu Qie ShanFeng Yuan HongBo Zhang RuBin Jiang ZhiJun Wu MingYuan Liu ZhuLing Sun YunJiao Pu JinLiang Li Abhay Srivastava ZiLong Ma GaoPeng Lu | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，2： | 0 |
| 14 | A comparative study of the electrical characteristics of positive and negative narrow bipolar events显示文摘Narrow bipolar events(NBEs)are intriguing intra-cloud discharge that have attracted enormous interest in the lightning community.They come with two polarities that dominate at different altitudes in thunderclouds.The sources of negative NBEs are usually located near the top of thunderclouds;those of positive NBEs are at the middle levels.NBEs may occur at the onset of lightning.The electrical properties of NBEs remain poorly understood.We present here the first comparative study of the electrical characteristics of negative and positive NBEs.To derive electrical parameters from the fast electric field change waveforms of 1673 positive NBEs and 364 negative NBEs recorded by the Jianghuai Area Sferic Array(JASA)in China,we use an improved method based on the transmission line model.This approach concludes that negative NBEs occurring at high altitudes tend to produce a narrower current pulse and take a shorter time to traverse the channel than their positive counterparts.Moreover,compared to positive NBEs,a larger portion of negative NBEs are associated with slightly greater peak current moments but smaller overall charge moments.The differences reported herein between electrical properties of negative and positive NBEs suggest that charge distribution in NBE-producing thunderstorms tends to vary systematically with altitude. | FeiFan Liu BaoYou Zhu HeLin Zhou GaoPeng Lu Ming Ma JiuHou Lei | 2023 | Earth and Planetary Physics2023，7，6： | 0 |
| 15 | Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China in 2020-2022显示文摘This report reviews the researches for the middle and upper atmosphere in 2020-2022 by Chinese scientists.The report consists of five parts introducing primarily the results from the aspects of the development of infrastructure,the structure and composition,the climate and modeling,the dynamics for the middle and upper atmosphere,and Coupling between Stratosphere and Troposphere,respectively. | CHEN Zeyu XU Jiyao CHEN Hongbin CHEN Wen REN Rongcai HU Xiong ZHU Yajun XUE Xianghui LU Gaopeng ZHANG Shaodong HUANG Kaiming TIAN Wenshou ZHANG Jiankai HU Dingzhu RAO Jian HU Yongyun XIA Yan | 2022 | 空间科学学报2022，42，4： | 0 |
| 16 | Study on the Application Value of Liver Function and Serological Index Levels in the Diagnosis of Fatty Liver显示文摘Objective:To explore the application value of liver function and serological index detection in diagnosing fatty liver.Methods:Ninety patients with fatty liver disease(disease group)and ninety healthy subjects(healthy group)were selected as the subjects of this study.They all underwent liver function index testing and serological index testing.Test results were compared,and the diagnostic accuracy of single and combined tests was evaluated.Results:Liver function indicators of patients in the disease group were higher than those in the healthy group,with severe patients exhibiting higher levels than moderate patients and mild patients(P<0.05).Serological indicators in patients in the disease group were higher than those in the healthy group,with severe patients showing higher levels than moderate patients and mild patients(P<0.05).The diagnostic accuracy of liver function index testing was higher than that of serological index testing,and the accuracy of combined testing was higher than that of single testing(P<0.05).Conclusion:In diagnosing fatty liver,combining liver function testing and serological testing enables the initial diagnosis of the disease and facilitates the accurate assessment of its severity. | Gaopeng Lu | 2024 | Proceedings of Anticancer Research2024，8，2： | 0 |
| 17 | Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China显示文摘In this paper we summarize the research results by Chinese scientists in 2016–2018. The focuses are placed on the researches of the middle and upper atmosphere, specifically the researches associated with groundbased observation capability development, dynamical processes, and properties of circulation and chemistryclimate coupling of the middle atmospheric layers. | CHEN Zeyu CHEN Hongbin XU Jiyao L Daren ZHANG Shaodong XUE Xianghui TIAN Wenshou LIU Renqiang CHEN Wen HU Yongyun WANG Rui HU Dingzhu HU Xiong YANG Guotao GONG Yun LU Gaopeng | 2018 | 空间科学学报2018，38，5： | 0 |
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