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| 1 | The novel quantitative trait locus GL3.1 controls rice grain size and yield by regulating Cyclin-T1;3显示文摘增加的庄稼收益被要求支持世界范围的快速的人口生长。谷物重量是米饭产量的一个关键部件,但是控制它的内在的分子的机制留下逃犯。这里,我们报导为米饭谷物长度,重量和产量的控制克隆和一个新量的特点地点(QTL ) 的描述。这个地点, GL3.1,编码蛋白质磷酸酶 kelch (PPKL ) 家庭 —Ser/Thr 磷酸酶。GL3.1 是大谷物 WY3 变化的一个成员,它比小谷物 FAZ1 变化与更弱的 dephosphorylation 活动被联系。GL3.1-WY3 在小穗状花小穗影响蛋白质 phosphorylation 加速房间分割,从而导致更长的谷物和更高的收益。进一步的研究直接显示出那 GL3.1 dephosphorylates 它的底层, Cyclin-T1; 3,它很少仅仅在植物被学习了。Cyclin-T1 的 downregulation; 3 在更短的谷物导致了米饭,它在房间周期规定为 Cyclin-T 显示新奇功能。我们的调查结果为通过影响 Cyclin-T1 的 phosphorylation 的新奇调停磷酸酶的进程被驾驶的谷物尺寸和产量的规定建议新机制; 3 在房间周期前进期间,并且这样提供新卓见进位于庄稼种子开发下面的机制。我们引起了包含表明了增加的谷物产量的自然 GL3.1 等位基因的一个新变化,它显示 GL3.1 是为引起产量很高的庄稼的一个强大的工具。 | Peng Qi You-Shun Lin Xian-Jun Song Jin-Bo Shen Wei Huang Jun-Xiang Shan Mei-Zhen Zhu Liwen Jiang Ji-Ping Gao Hong-Xuan Lin | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，12： | 132 |
| 2 | 2018 Chinese Pediatric Cardiology Society(CPCS) guideline for diagnosis and treatment of syncope in children and adolescents显示文摘Syncope belongs to the transient loss of consciousness(TLOC), characterized by a rapid onset, short duration, and spontaneous complete recovery. It is common in children and adolescents, accounting for 1% to 2% of emergency department visits.Recurrent syncope can seriously affect children's physical and mental health, learning ability and quality of life and sometimes cardiac syncope even poses a risk of sudden death. The present guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of syncope in children and adolescents was developed for guiding a better clinical management of pediatric syncope. Based on the globally recent development and the evidence-based data in China, 2018 Chinese Pediatric Cardiology Society(CPCS) guideline for diagnosis and treatment of syncope in children and adolescents was jointly prepared by the Pediatric Cardiology Society, Chinese Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association(CMA)/Committee on Pediatric Syncope, Pediatricians Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association(CMDA)/Committee on Pediatric Cardiology, Chinese College of Cardiovascular Physicians, Chinese Medical Doctor Association(CMDA)/Pediatric Cardiology Society, Beijing Pediatric Society, Beijing Medical Association(BMA). The present guideline includes the underlying diseases of syncope in children and adolescents, the diagnostic procedures, methodology and clinical significance of standing test and headup tilt test, the clinical diagnosis vasovagal syncope, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, orthostatic hypotension and orthostatic hypertension, and the treatment of syncope as well as follow-up. | Cheng Wang Yaqi Li Ying Liao Hong Tian Min Huang Xiangyu Dong Lin Shi Jinghui Sun Hongfang Jin Junbao Du Jindou An Jie Chen Mingwu Chen Qi Chen Sun Chen Yonghong Chen Zhi Chen Adolphus Kai-tung Chau Junbao Du Zhongdong Du Junkai Duan Hongyu Duan Xiangyu Dong Lin Feng Lijun Fu Fangqi Gong Yonghao Gui Ling Han Zhenhui Han Bing He Zhixu He Xiufen Hu Yimin Hua Guoying Huang Min Huang Ping Huang Yujuan Huang Hongfang Jin Mei Jin Bo Li Fen Li Tao Li Xiaohui Li Xiaoyan Liu Yan Li Haitao Lv Tiewei Lv Zipu Li Luyi Ma Silin Pan Yusheng Pang Hua Peng Yuming Qin Jie Shen Lin Shi Kun Sun Jinghui Sun Hong Tian Jie Tian Cheng Wang Hong Wang Lei Wang Jinju Wang Wendi Wang Yuli Wang Rongzhou Wu Tianhe Xia Yanyan Xiao Chunhong Xie Yanlin Xing Zhenyu Xiong Baoyuan Xu Yi Xu Hui Yan Shiwei Yang Qijian Yi Xia Yu Xianyi Yu Yue Yuan Hongyan Zhang Huili Zhang Li Zhang Qingyou Zhang Xi Zhang Yanmin Zhang Zhiwei Zhang Cuifen Zhao Bin Zhou Hua Zhu | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，23： | 54 |
| 3 | Service-aware 6G:An intelligent and open network based on the convergence of communication,computing and caching显示文摘With the proliferation of the Internet of Things(IoT),various services are emerging with totally different features and requirements,which cannot be supported by the current fifth generation of mobile cellular networks(5G).The future sixth generation of mobile cellular networks(6G)is expected to have the capability to support new and unknown services with changing requirements.Hence,in addition to enhancing its capability by 10–100 times compared with 5G,6G should also be intelligent and open to adapt to the ever-changing services in the IoT,which requires a convergence of Communication,Computing and Caching(3C).Based on the analysis of the requirements of new services for 6G,this paper identifies key enabling technologies for an intelligent and open 6G network,all featured with 3C convergence.These technologies cover fundamental and emerging topics,including 3C-based spectrum management,radio channel construction,delay-aware transmission,wireless distributed computing,and network self-evolution.From the detailed analysis of these 3C-based technologies presented in this paper,we can see that although they are promising to enable an intelligent and open 6G,more efforts are needed to realize the expected 6G network. | Yiqing Zhou Ling Liu Lu Wang Ning Hui Xinyu Cui Jie Wu Yan Peng Yanli Qi Chengwen Xing | 2020 | Digital Communications and Networks2020，6，3： | 57 |
| 4 | The bHLH Transcription Factor MYC3 Interacts with the Jasmonate ZIM-Domain Proteins to Mediate Jasmonate Response in Arabidopsis显示文摘Arabidopsis Jasmonate ZIM 域蛋白质(JAZ ) 充当复杂的 SCFCOI1 的底层镇压他们的下游地指向,它为调整 JA 的植物开发和防卫是必要的。bHLH 抄写因素 MYC2 被发现 JA 回答包括与 JAZ 交往并且调停 JA 禁止的根生长。这里,我们识别了直接由它的 N 终端区域的优点与 JAZ 交往了调整 JA 回答的另一 bHLH 抄写因素 MYC3。有 MYC3 的 overexpression 的转基因的植物在 JA 禁止的根延伸和幼苗开发展出了超敏性。交往 JAZ 模式和 MYC3 的导致 JA 的表示模式从 MYC2 的那些是可区分的。我们推测那 MYC3, MYC2 可以在 JA 回答的规定有冗余而且可区分的功能。 | Zhiwei Cheng Li Sun Tiancong Qi Bosen Zhang Wen Peng Yule Liu Daoxin Xie | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，2： | 35 |
| 5 | One-step generation of p53 gene biallelic mutant Cynomolgus monkey via the CRISPR/Cas system显示文摘 | Haifeng Wan Chunjing Feng Fei Teng Shihua Yang Baoyang Hu Yuyu Niu Andy Peng Xiang Weizhen Fang Weizhi Ji Wei Li Xiaoyang Zhao Qi Zhou | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，2： | 39 |
| 6 | Clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression and neovascularization in colorectal carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To clarify the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvascular density (MVD) expression with the angiogenesis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.METHODS: A total of 97 cases of colorectal cardnomas were examined by immunohistochemical staining (SP method), using anti-VEGF and anti-factor CD34^+ monodonal antibodies,RESULTS: VEGF positive staining was obtained in 68 out of 97 cases (70.1%), and observed mainly in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, and also frequently in stromal cells. VEGF expression was more intense in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in comparison with others, but there was no significant correlation between VEGF expression and age,sex and stage. A significant correlation was found between the MVD and grades, and there was no significant relationship between the MVD and age, sex, and stage. The MVD in the VEGF positive group (68 cases) was higher than that in the negative group. Upon multivariate analysis, the significant variables were stage, tumor grade and MVD; VEGF expression was not an independent prognostic factor.CONCLUSION: The expression of VEGF has a significant correlation with MVD; MVD expression has prognostic value but VEGF has not in colon cancer. | Shu Zheng Ming-Yong Han Zuo-Xiang Xiao Jia-Ping Peng Qi Dong Cancer Institute,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310009,Zhejiang Province,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，6： | 38 |
| 7 | Identification of anti-asthmatic compounds in Pericarpium citri reticulatae and evaluation of their synergistic effects显示文摘 | Qian SHI Ze LIU Yang YANG Peng GENG Yuan-yuan ZHU Qi ZHANG Fang BAI Gang BAI | 2009 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2009，30，5： | 23 |
| 8 | Highly efficient generation of arbitrary vector beams with tunable polarization, phase, and amplitude显示文摘We propose an efficient and robust method to generate tunable vector beams by employing a single phasetype spatial light modulator(SLM). With this method, a linearly polarized Gaussian beam can be converted into a vector beam with arbitrarily controllable polarization state, phase, and amplitude. The energy loss during the conversion is greatly reduced and depends mainly on the reflectivity of the SLM. We experimentally demonstrate that conversion efficiency of about 47% is achieved by using an SLM with reflectivity of 62%.Several typical vector beams, including cylindrical vector beams, vector beams on higher order Poincaré spheres,and arbitrary vector beams attached with phases and with tunable amplitude, are generated and verified experimentally. This method is also expected to create high-power vector beams and play important roles in optical fabrication and light trapping. | SHENG LIU SHUXIA QI YI ZHANG PENG LI DONGJING WU LEI RAN JIANLIN ZHAO | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，4： | 23 |
| 9 | Review of the characteristics and graded utilisation of coal gasification slag显示文摘The characteristics of the energy structure of rich coal,less oil and less gas,coupling with a high external dependence on oil and natural gas and the emphasis on the efficient and clean utilisation of coal,have brought opportunities for coal chemical industry.However,with the large-scale popularisation of coal gasification technology,the production and resulting storage of coal gasification slag continue to increase,which not only result in serious environmental pollution and a waste of terrestrial resources,but also seriously affect the sustainable development of coal chemical enterprises.Hence,the treatment of coal gasification slag is extremely important.In this paper,the production,composition,morphology,particle size structure and water holding characteristics of coal gasification slag are introduced,and the methods of carbon ash separation of gasification slag,both domestically and abroad,are summarised.In addition,the paper also summarises the research progress on gasification slag in building materials,ecological restoration,residual carbon utilisation and other high-value utilisation,and ultimately puts forward the idea of the comprehensive utilisation of gasification slag.For large-scale consumption to solve the environmental problems of enterprises and achieve high-value utilisation to increase the economic benefits of enterprises,it is urgent to zealously design a reasonable and comprehensive utilisation technologies with simple operational processes,strong adaptability and economic benefits. | Xiaodong Liu Zhengwei Jin Yunhuan Jing Panpan Fan Zhili Qi Weiren Bao Jiancheng Wang Xiaohui Yan Peng Lv Lianping Dong | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2021，34，7： | 21 |
| 10 | The first all-season sample set for mapping global land cover with Landsat-8 data显示文摘We report the world's first all-season training and validation sample sets for global land cover classification with Landsat-8 data.Prior to this,such samples were only available at a single date primarily from the growing season.It is unknown how much limitation such a single-date sample has to mapping global land cover in other seasons of the year.To answer this question,we selected available Landsat-8 images from four seasons and collected training and validation samples from them.We compared the performances of training samples in different seasons using Random Forest algorithm.We found that the use of training samples from any individual season would result in the best overall classification accuracy when validated by samples in the same season.The global overall accuracy from combined best seasonal results was 67.2% when classifying the 11 Level-1 classes in the Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring of Global Land Cover(FROM-GLC) classification system.The use of training samples from all seasons(named all-season training sample set hereafter) produced an overall accuracy of 67.0%.We also tested classification within 10° latitude 60° longitude zones using all-season training subsample within each zone and obtained an overall accuracy of 70.2%.This indicates that properly grouped subsamples in space can help improve classification accuracies.All the results in this study seem to suggest that it is possible to use an all-season training sample set to reach global optimality with universal applicability in classifying images acquired at any time of a year for global land cover mapping. | Congcong Li Peng Gong Jie Wang Zhiliang Zhu Gregory S. Biging Cui Yuan Tengyun Hu Haiying Zhang Qi Wang Xuecao Li Xiaoxuan Liu Yidi Xu Jing Guo Caixia Liu Kwame O. Hackman Meinan Zhang Yuqi Cheng Le Yu Jun Yang Huabing Huang Nicholas Clinton | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，7： | 21 |
| 11 | Mesenchymal stromal cells-exosomes:a promising cell-free therapeutic tool for wound healing and cutaneous regeneration显示文摘Cutaneous regeneration at the wound site involves several intricate and dynamic processes which require a series of coordinated interactions implicating various cell types,growth factors,extracellular matrix(ECM),nerves,and blood vessels.Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)take part in all the skin wound healing stages playing active and beneficial roles in animal models and humans.Exosomes,which are among the key products MSCs release,mimic the effects of parental MSCs.They can shuttle various effector proteins,messenger RNA(mRNA)and microRNAs(miRNAs)to modulate the activity of recipient cells,playing important roles in wound healing.Moreover,using exosomes avoids many risks associated with cell transplantation.Therefore,as a novel type of cell-free therapy,MSC-exosome-mediated administration may be safer and more efficient than whole cell.In this review,we provide a comprehensive understanding of the latest studies and observations on the role of MSC-exosome therapy in wound healing and cutaneous regeneration.In addition,we address the hypothesis of MSCs microenvironment extracellular vesicles(MSCs-MEVs)or MSCs microenvironment exosomes(MSCs-MExos)that need to take stock of and solved urgently in the related research about MSC-exosomes therapeutic applications.This review can inspire investigators to explore new research directions of MSC-exosome therapy in cutaneous repair and regeneration. | Peng Hu Qinxin Yang Qi Wang Chenshuo Shi Dali Wang Ubaldo Armato Ilaria Dal Prà Anna Chiarini | 2019 | Burns & Trauma2019，7，1： | 20 |
| 12 | The China Alzheimer Report 2022显示文摘China’s population has rapidly aged over the recent decades of social and economic development as neurodegenerative disorders have proliferated,especially Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and related dementias(ADRD).AD’s incidence rate,morbidity,and mortality have steadily increased to make it presently the fifth leading cause of death among urban and rural residents in China and magnify the resulting financial burdens on individuals,families and society.The‘Healthy China Action’plan of 2019-2030 promotes the transition from disease treatment to health maintenance for this expanding population with ADRD.This report describes related epidemiological trends,evaluates the economic burden of the disease,outlines current clinical diagnosis and treatment status and delineates existing available public health resources.More specifically,it examines the public health impact of ADRD,including prevalence,mortality,costs,usage of care,and the overall effect on caregivers and society.In addition,this special report presents technical guidance and supports for the prevention and treatment of AD,provides expertise to guide relevant governmental healthcare policy development and suggests an information platform for international exchange and cooperation. | Rujing Ren Jinlei Qi Shaohui Lin Xinya Liu Peng Yin Zhihui Wang Ran Tang Jintao Wang Qiang Huang Jianping Li Xinyi Xie Yongbo Hu Shishuang Cui Yuan Zhu Xiaoping Yu Pengfei Wang Yikang Zhu Yiran Wang Yanyan Huang Yisong Hu Ying Wang Chunbo Li Maigeng Zhou Gang Wang | 2022 | General Psychiatry2022，35，1： | 20 |
| 13 | The Genome of Medicinal Plant Macleaya cordata Provides New Insights into Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Metabolism显示文摘在动物农业和药的抗菌素的 overuse 引起了一系列潜在的威胁到公共健康。Macleaya cordata 是从 Papaveraceae 家庭的药用的植物种,提供为抗菌剂的制造的一个安全资源为家畜喂添加剂。从 M. 的活跃成分 ? cordata 被知道包括 benzylisoquinoline 碱(偏爱) 象 sanguinarine (圣) 和 chelerythrine (CHE ) 那样的 ?,而是他们的新陈代谢的小径还得在这非模型植物被学习。在 M. 的圣和 CHE 的活跃生合成 ? cordata 被喂 13标记 C 的酷氨酸。为了增加,推进卓见,我们 de novo 定序 M 的整个染色体。cordata,第一从 Papaveraceae 家庭被定序。M.? 盖住 378 Mb 的 cordata 染色体与 43.5%being 编码 22,328 预言的编码蛋白质的基因 transposable 元素。作为基础 eudicot 的一个成员, M.? cordata 染色体缺乏 ? 发生在几乎所有 eudicots 的 paleohexaploidy 事件。从 genomics 数据, 16 的一个完全的集合 ? 新陈代谢 ? 为圣和 CHE 生合成的基因被检索,并且 14 项他们的生物化学的活动被验证。这些 genomics 和新陈代谢的数据在 M. 显示出保存 BIA 新陈代谢的小径 ? cordata 并且由庄稼改进或微生物引起的小径重建为圣和 CHE 的未来生产提供知识基础。 | Xiubin Liu Yisong Liu Peng Huang Yongshuo Ma Zhixing Qing Qi Tang Huifen Cao Pi Cheng Yajie Zheng Zejun Yuan Yuan Zhou Jinfeng Liu Zhaoshan Tang Yixiu Zhuo Yancong Zhang Linlan Yu Jialu Huang Peng Yang Qiong Peng dinbo Zhang Wenkai Jiang Zhonghua Zhang Kui Lin Dae-Kyun Ro Xiaoya Chen Xingyao Xiong Yi Shang Sanwen Huang Jianguo Zeng | 2017 | Molecular Plant2017，10，7： | 19 |
| 14 | p53 upregulated by HIF-la promotes hypoxiainduced G2/M arrest and renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo显示文摘Hypoxia plays an important role in the genesis and progression of renal fibrosis.The underlying mechanisms, however, have not been sufficiently elucidated. We examined the role of p53 in hypoxia-induced renal fibrosis in cell culture (human and rat renal tubular epithelial cells) and a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. Cell cycle of tubular cells was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of profibrogenic factors was determined by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter experiments were performed to explore the effect of HIF-lα on p53 expression. We showed that, in hypoxic tubular cells, p53 upregulation suppressed the expression of CDK1 and cyclins Bl and DI, leading to cell cycle (G2/M) arrest (or delay) and higher expression of TGF-β, CTGF, collagens, and fibronectin. p53 suppression by siRNA or by a specific p53 inhibitor (PIF-α) triggered opposite effects preventing the G2/M arrest and profibrotic changes. In vivo experiments in the UUO model revealed similar antifibrotic results following intraperitoneal administration of PIF-α(2.2 mg/kg). Using gain-of-function, loss-of-function, and luciferase assays, we further identified an HRE3 region on the p53 promoter as the HIF-lα-binding site. The HIF-la-HRE3 binding resulted in a sharp transcriptional activation of p53. Collectively, we show the presence of a hypoxia-activated, p53-responsive profibrogenic pathway in the kidney. During hypoxia, p53 upregulation induced by HIF-la suppresses cell cycle progression, leading to the accumulation of G2/M cells, and activates profibrotic TGF-β and CTGF-mediated signaling pathways, causing extracellular matrix production and renal fibrosis. | Limin Liu Peng Zhang Ming Bai Lijie He Lei Zhang Ting Liu Zhen Yang Menglu Duan Minna Liu Baojian Liu Rui Du Qi Qian Shiren Sun | 2019 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2019，11，5： | 18 |
| 15 | Ethylene Emission as a Potential Indicator of Fuji Apple Flavor Quality Evaluation Under Low Temperature显示文摘Fuji apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.)is a popular fruit cultivar and occupies an important position in the fruit market due to its excellent flavor and storage quality.Ethylene emission can induce respiration,which would reduce postharvest quality and increase storage losses.In order to maintain fruit quality and extend shelf life,apples are usually stored in a low-temperature environment after harvest to reduce the formation of ethylene.Volatile aroma components are regarded as one of the most important aspects of flavor quality and a key factor for apple quality grading and customer satisfaction.Ethylene emission and its relationship with volatile aromas during low temperature,however,have not been determined.In this study,the dynamic changes of volatile aroma compounds of Fuji apples stored at 4°C were detected and analyzed for 42 days.The variation of ethylene released from Fuji apple was studied correspondingly.The results showed that ethyl butyrate,ethyl caproate,ethyl 2-methylbutyrate and 2-methylbutyl acetate were the main aroma components of Fuji apple.The change in ethylene emission and the normalized peak area of volatile aroma compounds exhibited a similar tendency that increased significantly from the 3rd day to the peak on the 14th day and then decreased;there was a positive linear correlation between them with a correlation coefficient of 0.79(P<0.05).Therefore,ethylene release can be used as a potential indicator for evaluation of volatile aroma compounds in apples.Using ethylene emission as an indicator could reduce the difficulty and complexity of volatile aroma evaluation,which could be a new non-destructive inspection choice for apple flavor quality assessment. | Weiyan Qi Haijing Wang Zhen Zhou Peng Yang Wenbin Wu Zhemin Li Xian Li | 2020 | Horticultural Plant Journal2020，6，4： | 18 |
| 16 | Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species by atomic-scale electrocatalysts in lithium–sulfur batteries显示文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries have extremely high theoretical energy density that make them as promising systems toward vast practical applications.Expediting redox kinetics of sulfur species is a decisive task to break the kinetic limitation of insulating lithium sulfide/disulfide precipitation/dissolution.Herein,we proposed a porphyrinderived atomic electrocatalyst to exert atomic-efficient electrocatalytic effects on polysulfide intermediates.Quantifying electrocatalytic efficiency of liquid/solid conversion through a potentiostatic intermittent titration technique measurement presents a kinetic understanding of specific phase evolutions imparted by the atomic electrocatalyst.Benefiting from atomically dispersed“lithiophilic”and“sulfiphilic”sites on conductive substrates,the finely designed atomic electrocatalyst endows Li–S cells with remarkable cycling stablity(cyclic decay rate of 0.10%in 300 cycles),excellent rate capability(1035 mAh g−1 at 2 C),and impressive areal capacity(10.9 mAh cm−2 at a sulfur loading of 11.3 mg cm−2).The present work expands atomic electrocatalysts to the Li–S chemistry,deepens kinetic understanding of sulfur species evolution,and encourages application of emerging electrocatalysis in other multielectron/multiphase reaction energy systems. | Bo-Quan Li Long Kong Chang-Xin Zhao Qi Jin Xiao Chen Hong-Jie Peng Jin-Lei Qin Jin-Xiu Chen Hong Yuan Qiang Zhang Jia-Qi Huang | 2019 | InfoMat2019，1，4： | 18 |
| 17 | Differential responses of short-term soil respiration dynamics to the experimental addition of nitrogen and water in the temperate semi-arid steppe of Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘We examined the effects of simulated rainfall and increasing N supply of different levels on CO2 pulse emission from typical Inner Mongolian steppe soil using the static opaque chamber technique, respectively in a dry June and a rainy August. The treatments included NH4NO3 additions at rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20 g N/(m2·year) with or without water. Immediately after the experimental simulated rainfall events, the CO2 effluxes in the watering plots without N addition(WCK) increased greatly and reached the maximum value at 2 hr. However, the efflux level reverted to the background level within 48 hr. The cumulative CO2 effluxes in the soil ranged from 5.60 to 6.49 g C/m2over 48 hr after a single water application, thus showing an increase of approximately 148.64% and 48.36% in the effluxes during both observation periods. By contrast, the addition of different N levels without water addition did not result in a significant change in soil respiration in the short term. Two-way ANOVA showed that the effects of the interaction between water and N addition were insignificant in short-term soil CO2 effluxes in the soil. The cumulative soil CO2fluxes of different treatments over 48 hr accounted for approximately 5.34% to 6.91% and 2.36% to 2.93% of annual C emission in both experimental periods. These results stress the need for improving the sampling frequency after rainfall in future studies to ensure more accurate evaluation of the grassland C emission contribution. | Yuchun Qi Xinchao Liu Yunshe Dong Qin Peng Yating He Liangjie Sun Junqiang Jia Congcong Cao | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，4： | 17 |
| 18 | Deletion of TLR4 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis显示文摘Septic acute liver injury is one of the leading causes of fatalities in patients with sepsis.Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)plays a vital role in response to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)challenge,but the mechanisms underlying TLR4 function in septic injury remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the role of TLR4 in LPS-induced acute liver injury(ALI)in mice with a focus on inflammation and apoptosis.Wild-type(WT)and TLR4-knockout(TLR4^(−/−))mice were challenged with LPS(4 mg/kg)for 6 h.TLR4 signaling cascade markers(TLR4,MyD88,and NF-κB),inflammatory markers(TNFα,IL-1β,and IL-6),and apoptotic markers(Bax,Bcl-2,and caspase 3)were evaluated.We showed that LPS challenge markedly increased the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and other liver pathological changes in WT mice.In addition,LPS challenge elevated the levels of liver carbonyl proteins and serum inflammatory cytokines,upregulated the expression of TLR4,MyD88,and phosphorylated NF-κB in liver tissues.Moreover,LPS challenge significantly increased hepatocyte apoptosis,caspase 3 activity,and Bax level while suppressing Bcl-2 expression in liver tissues.These pathological changes were greatly attenuated in TLR4^(−/−)mice.Similar pathological responses were provoked in primary hepatic Kupffer cells isolated from WT and TLR4^(−/−)mice following LPS(1μg/mL,6 h)challenge.In summary,these results demonstrate that silencing of TLR4 attenuates LPS-induced liver injury through inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.TLR4 deletion confers hepatoprotection against ALI induced by LPS,possibly by repressing macrophage inflammation and apoptosis. | Sai-nan Chen Ying Tan Xiao-chan Xiao Qian Li Qi Wu You-you Peng Jun Ren Mao-long Dong | 2021 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2021，42，10： | 17 |
| 19 | Characteristics of rare-earth elements (REE),strontium and neodymium isotopes in hydrothermal fluorites from the Bailashui tin deposit in the Furong ore field,southern Hunan Province,China显示文摘In this paper the authors present the REE concentrations and Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of fluorites from the Bailashui tin deposit of the Furong ore field,southern Hunan Province. The results showed that the total amount of REE in fluorites is usually low,ranging from 0.705 to 8.785 μg/g with the chondrite-normalized REE dis-tribution patterns similar to those of the Qitianling granites in the study area,characterized by LREE-enrichment patterns with pronounced negative Eu anomalies. The fluorites vary in Sr isotopic composition within the range of 0.7083-0.7091,the values are lower than those of the granites and higher than those of the host carbonate rocks in this area. The εNd(t) values of fluorites vary between -9.4 and +10.3,revealing that both the crust-and mantle-source materials were involved in the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids. Combined with previous studies on this ore deposit,the Bailashui tin deposit is temporally and spatially closely related with granitic magmatism in this area. The hydro-thermal fluorites are the product of fluid/rock interactions between granitic magmatic hydrothermal fluid and marine carbonate rocks. The REE and F in the ore-forming fluid were derived from the granites,whereas Sr in the ore-forming fluid came mainly from the granitic magmatic hydrothermal fluid and marine carbonate rocks,although variations in Sr isotopic composition cannot be explained by a simple mixture of these two end-members. Evidence demonstrated that the ore-forming fluids are of crustal-mantle mixing origin,but that the fluids were probably in-completely homogenized and this may be caused by inhomogeneous mixing of the fluids of different sources. | YUAN Shunda PENG Jiantang HU Ruizhong BI Xianwu QI Liang LI Zhaoli LI Xiaomin SHUANG Yan | 2008 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2008，27，4： | 16 |
| 20 | Litter decomposition and C and N dynamics as affected by N additions in a semi-arid temperate steppe, Inner Mongolia of China显示文摘Litter decomposition is the fundamental process in nutrient cycling and soil carbon(C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. The global-wide increase in nitrogen(N) inputs is expected to alter litter decomposition and,ultimately, affect ecosystem C storage and nutrient status. Temperate grassland ecosystems in China are usually N-deficient and particularly sensitive to the changes in exogenous N additions. In this paper, we conducted a 1,200-day in situ experiment in a typical semi-arid temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia to investigate the litter decomposition as well as the dynamics of litter C and N concentrations under three N addition levels(low N with 50 kg N/(hm2?a)(LN), medium N with 100 kg N/(hm2?a)(MN), and high N with 200 kg N/(hm2?a)(HN)) and three N addition forms(ammonium-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as ammonium sulfate(AS), nitrate-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as sodium nitrate(SN), and mixed-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as calcium ammonium nitrate(CAN)) compared to control with no N addition(CK). The results indicated that the litter mass remaining in all N treatments exhibited a similar decomposition pattern: fast decomposition within the initial 120 days, followed by a relatively slow decomposition in the remaining observation period(120–1,200 days). The decomposition pattern in each treatment was fitted well in two split-phase models, namely, a single exponential decay model in phase I(<398 days) and a linear decay function in phase II(≥398 days). The three N addition levels exerted insignificant effects on litter decomposition in the early stages(<398 days, phase I; P>0.05). However, MN and HN treatments inhibited litter mass loss after 398 and 746 days, respectively(P<0.05). AS and SN treatments exerted similar effects on litter mass remaining during the entire decomposition period(P>0.05). The effects of these two N addition forms differed greatly from those of CAN after 746 and 1,053 days, respectively(P<0.05). During the decomposition period, N concentrations in the decomposing litter increased whereas C concentrations decreased, which also led to an exponential decrease in litter C:N ratios in all treatments. No significant effects were induced by N addition levels and forms on litter C and N concentrations(P>0.05). Our results indicated that exogenous N additions could exhibit neutral or inhibitory effects on litter decomposition, and the inhibitory effects of N additions on litter decomposition in the final decay stages are not caused by the changes in the chemical qualities of the litter, such as endogenous N and C concentrations. These results will provide an important data basis for the simulation and prediction of C cycle processes in future N-deposition scenarios. | Qin PENG YuChun QI YunShe DONG YaTing HE ShengSheng XIAO XinChao LIU LiangJie SUN JunQiang JIA ShuFang GUO CongCong CAO | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，4： | 16 |
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