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| 1 | STABILITY OF ALPINE MEADOW ECOSYSTEM ON THE QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU显示文摘The meadow ecosystem on the Qing- hai-Tibetan Plateau is considered to be sensitive to climate change. An understanding of the alpine meadow ecosystem is therefore important for pre- dicting the response of ecosystems to climate change. In this study, we use the coefficients of variation (Cv) and stability (E) obtained from the Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station to characterize the ecosystem stability. The results suggest that the net primary production of the alpine meadow eco- system was more stable (Cv = 13.18%) than annual precipitation (Cv = 16.55%) and annual mean air temperature (Cv = 28.82%). The net primary produc- tion was insensitive to either the precipitation (E = 0.0782) or air temperature (E = 0.1113). In summary, the alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau is much stable. Comparison of alpine meadow ecosystem stability with other five natural grassland ecosystems in Israel and southern African indicates that the alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is the most stable ecosys- tem. The alpine meadow ecosystem with relatively simple structure has high stability, which indicates that community stability is not only correlated with biodiversity and community complicity but also with environmental stability. An average oscillation cycles of 3―4 years existed in annual precipitation, annual mean air temperature, net primary production and the population size of consumers at the Haibei natural ecosystem. The high stability of the alpine meadow ecosystem may be resulting also from the adaptation of the ecosystem to the alpine environment. | ZHOU Huakun ZHOU Li ZHAO Xinquan LIU Wei LI Yingnian GU Song ZHOU Xinmin | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，3： | 21 |
| 2 | The uptake diversity of soil nitrogen nutrients by main plant species in Kobresia humilis alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘We studied the uptake of ammonium,nitrate,and a variety of amino acids by alpine plant species in the Kobresia humilis alpine meadow ecosystem in situ.We examined the extent of niche separation in uptake of N source by different plant species in alpine communities,and investigated the contribution of symbiotically fixed N to the total N in alpine meadow.The results are(1) δ 15 N natural abundance values of 13 plant species lie between 2.680‰ and 5.169‰,and the scope is 7.849‰.(2) Leguminous plants,such as Trigonella ruthenica,Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia,and Oxytyopis ochrocephala,and non-leguminous plant Gentiana straminea uptake low amounts of 15 N labeled ammonium,nitrate,glycine or aspartate in soil.(3) As far as the plant uptake of organic N is concerned,Kobresia humilis,Poa pratensis,and Gentiuna spathutifolta can effectively uptake organic nitrogen,and about 37%-40% of the nitrogen of these species comes from soil organic nitrogen sources(such as glycine and aspartate).Stipa aliena can effectively uptake nitrate,and 60% of its nitrogen comes from soil nitrate.Potentilla anserina,Poa pratensis,and Thalictrum alpinum can effectively absorb ammonium in comparason to other plant species in the meadow,and about 25%-27% of the nitrogen in these plants comes from soil ammonium.(4) The contribution of leguminous fixed N to total N is 7.48%-9.26% in Kobresia humilis alpine meadow.(5) These data show many plant species of alpine meadow may effectively utilize dissolved organic nitrogen such as amino acids,and these plants have diverse ways to uptake soil nitrogen in alpine meadows.Based on the results we can partly explain why there are abundant biodiversities and how plants at alpine habitat utilize the limited soil N sources. | WANG WenYing MA YongGui XU Jin WANG HuiChun ZHU JinFu ZHOU HuaKun | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，10： | 13 |
| 3 | Using balance of seasonal herbage supply and demand to inform sustainable grassland management on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau显示文摘To mitigate the impacts of grassland degradation on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau(QTP), in recent decades China has been implementing large-scale conservation programs and has invested about 42 billion CNY(7 billion USD). However, these programs are faced with major challenges involving trade-offs between ecological function, livestock production and income of pastoralists.Scientific assessments, as well as technical and policy issues, have not fully captured the complex ecological,social and economic dynamics of the challenges facing grassland management on the QTP. Pastoral livestock production on the QTP is characterized by imbalance in both quality and quantity between livestock seasonal nutrient requirements and herbage production, which forces pastoralists to keep larger numbers of livestock for longer periods, leading to overgrazing. To solve these problems, an integrated crop-livestock system is promoted to improve the efficiency of livestock production and conserve natural grassland as well for a sustainable system for the QTP. | Xinquan ZHAO Liang ZHAO Qi LI Huai CHEN Huakun ZHOU Shixiao XU Quanmin DONG Gaolin WU Yixin HE | 2018 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2018，5，1： | 11 |
| 4 | Patterns of plant diversity at high altitudes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau显示文摘To describe the biodiversity patterns of plants along an altitudinal gradient on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and to clarify the bias in plant specimen records at high altitude.Methods We conducted a large-scale investigation of vegetation at a wide range of altitudes,focusing on a high-altitudinal range(3200-5200 m)at different locations on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.We then compared the altitudinal distribution of plant species obtained from our field investigation with that in plant specimen records from published sources and an online database.Important Findings Our data provide evidence that altitude plays a large role in regulating species composition on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.We could not,however,detect a clear relationship between altitude and species richness,although a weak monotonically increasing trend of richness was detected with increasing altitude.According to specimen records,most species have been sampled at a wide range of altitudes,and the average range of 145 species is>2000 m.Despite this wide range,more than half of the species we observed were at higher altitudes than the specimen records indicate.High-altitude areas have probably been so poorly sampled that only a small fraction of the resident species has been recorded.This study clearly shows the regional bias of specimen records in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. | Ayako Shimono Huakun Zhou Haihua Shen Mitsuru Hirota Toshiyuki Ohtsuka Yanhong Tang | 2010 | Journal of Plant Ecology2010，3，1： | 6 |
| 5 | Phosphorus does not alleviate the negative effect of nitrogen enrichment on legume performance in an alpine grassland显示文摘Aims Nitrogen(N)-fixing legumes,despite being highly phosphorus(P)-demanding,constitute an important plant functional group and play key roles in N-poor ecosystems such as alpine grasslands.However,legume performance,including biomass,abundance and species richness,is expected to change,because anthropogenic activities have drastically increased soil N and P availability world-wide.We conducted a field experiment to assess the effects of N and P addition,alone and in combination,on legume performance in an alpine grassland,and identified and clarified the mechanisms underlying these changes.Methods A three year field experiment of N addition(10 g N m−2 year−1),P addition(5 g P m−2 year−1),and N+P combined addition(both N and P,same amounts as solo treatments)was conducted in an alpine grassland on the tibetan Plateau in china from 2011 to 2013.Effects of nutrient addition were assessed at the community level(above-ground net primary production(ANPP),height and light intensity),functional group level(biomass,species richness,relative height,relative coverage and relative density of legumes)and species level(foliar N,P concentration of two legumes).Important findings Overall,adding N alone significantly increased ANPP by 20.82%,but adding P alone did not;whereas,addition of N and P together resulted in a large increase in ANPP(+37.03%)than addition of either alone,indicating potential co-limitation of alpine grasslands.In contrast,adding P alone significantly promoted legume perfor-mance as measured by 65.22%increase in biomass and 58.45%increase in relative abundance,while adding N alone reduced leg-ume performance as measured by 39.54%decrease in biomass and 50.36%in relative abundance.combining P and N addition did not mitigate the negative effect of N addition on legume performance and,surprisingly,suppressed legume biomass by 53.14%and relative abundance by 63.51%.N and P addition altered the balance of light competition between grasses and legumes as indicated by the changes in light levels,plant heights and litter accumulation.However,there were no obvious changes in legume species richness in response to N and P within our experimental timeframe.this study provides further evidence of the importance of P as a co-limiting nutrient in alpine grasslands,contrary to the traditional view that N limitation predominates in such regions.the contrasting effects of N and P addition on legume performance provide important insights into potential changes in legume performance in nutrient-limited grasslands following N and P enrichment under climate change,with implications for nutrient management in alpine grasslands. | Fei Ren Weimin Song Litong Chen Zhaorong Mi Zhenhua Zhang Wenyan Zhu Huakun Zhou Guangmin Cao Jin-Sheng He | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，5： | 3 |
| 6 | Efficacy,safety and immunogenicity of hexavalent rotavirus vaccine in Chinese infants显示文摘A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled multicenter trial was conducted in healthy Chinese infants to assess the efficacy and safety of a hexavalent live human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine(HRV)against rotavirus gastroenteritis(RVGE).A total of 6400 participants aged 6-12 weeks were enrolled and randomly assigned to either HRV(n?3200)or placebo(n?3200)group.All the subjects received three oral doses of vaccine four weeks apart.The vaccine efficacy(VE)against RVGE caused by rotavirus serotypes contained in HRV was evaluated from 14 days after three doses of administration up until the end of the second rotavirus season.VE against severe RVGE,VE against RVGE hospitalization caused by serotypes contained in HRV,and VE against RVGE,severe RVGE,and RVGE hospitalization caused by natural infection of any serotype of rotavirus were also investigated.All adverse events(AEs)were collected for 30 days after each dose.Serious AEs(SAEs)and intussusception cases were collected during the entire study.Our data showed that VE against RVGE caused by serotypes contained in HRV was 69.21%(95%CI:53.31-79.69).VE against severe RVGE and RVGE hospitalization caused by serotypes contained in HRV were 91.36%(95%CI:78.45-96.53)and 89.21%(95%CI:64.51-96.72)respectively.VE against RVGE,severe RVGE,and RVGE hospitalization caused by natural infection of any serotype of rotavirus were 62.88%(95%CI:49.11-72.92),85.51%(95%CI:72.74-92.30)and 83.68%(95%CI:61.34-93.11).Incidences of AEs from the first dose to one month post the third dose in HRV and placebo groups were comparable.There was no significant difference in incidences of SAEs in HRV and placebo groups.This study shows that this hexavalent reassortant rotavirus vaccine is an effective,well-tolerated,and safe vaccine for Chinese infants. | Zhiwei Wu Qingliang Li Yan Liu Huakun Lv Zhaojun Mo Fangjun Li Qingchuan Yu Fei Jin Wei Chen Yong Zhang Teng Huang Xiaosong Hu Wei Xia Jiamei Gao Haisong Zhou Xuan Bai Yueyue Liu Zhenzhen Liang Zhijun Jiang Yingping Chen Jiuwei Zhang Jialiang Du Biao Yang Bo Xing Yantao Xing Ben Dong Qinghai Yang Chen Shi Tingdong Yan Bo Ruan Haiyun Shi Xingliang Fan Dongyang Feng Weigang Lv Dong Zhang Xiangchu Kong Liuyifan Zhou Dinghong Que Hong Chen Zhongbing Chen Xiang Guo Weiwei Zhou Cong Wu Qingrong Zhou Yuqing Liu Jian Qiao Ying Wang Xinguo Li Kai Duan Yuliang Zhao Gelin Xu Xiaoming Yang | 2022 | Virologica Sinica2022，37，5： | 2 |
| 7 | The role of herbivores in the grassland carbon budget for Three-Rivers Headwaters region,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China显示文摘Background:An accurate assessment of the carbon budget is a crucial part of projecting future climate change and its impact on ecosystems.Grasslands foster multiple ecological functions including support for wild animals and livestocks.Herbivores intake forage biomass carbon,then digest and metabolize,and finally retain some carbon.The carbon processes have not been well quantified,resulting in uncertainties in the estimation of regional carbon budgets for grassland ecosystems.Methods:An animal metabolic carbon flux model was developed for herbivores in the Three-Rivers Headwaters region of China.The forage intake and metabolic carbon rates were estimated through metabolic body weight and daily digested measures for the main herbivore species.Results:The carbon intake was 5.52 Tg C year−1(45%)from partial aboveground biomass(12.2 Tg C year−1),in which 39.31%was released into the atmosphere by respiration CO_(2),43.77%was returned to the ecosystem as feces and urine,and 16.96%was retained in herbivores for population regeneration or for human well-being.Conclusions:This study,as the first research on this topic,quantified the carbon flux of herbivores and found livestock accounts for a major part of consumed carbon on grasslands,which is important for understanding regional carbon budgets to mitigate and adapt to climate change over grasslands worldwide. | Junbang Wang Xinquan Zhao Xihuang Ouyang Liang Zhao Wenying Wang Chan Zuo Zhenhua Zhang Huakun Zhou Alan Watson Yingnian Li | 2022 | Grassland Research2022，1，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Alpine grassland degradation and its control in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers,China显示文摘 | Zhou Huakun Zhao Xinquan Tang Yanhong Zhou Li | 2005 | Grassland Science2005，51，： | 1 |
| 9 | Recent advances in RNA structurome显示文摘RNA structures are essential to support RNA functions and regulation in various biological processes. Recently, a range of novel technologies have been developed to decode genome-wide RNA structures and novel modes of functionality across a wide range of species. In this review, we summarize key strategies for probing the RNA structurome and discuss the pros and cons of representative technologies. In particular, these new technologies have been applied to dissect the structural landscape of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome. We also summarize the functionalities of RNA structures discovered in different regulatory layers-including RNA processing, transport, localization, and mRNA translation-across viruses, bacteria, animals, and plants. We review many versatile RNA structural elements in the context of different physiological and pathological processes(e.g., cell differentiation, stress response, and viral replication). Finally, we discuss future prospects for RNA structural studies to map the RNA structurome at higher resolution and at the single-molecule and single-cell level, and to decipher novel modes of RNA structures and functions for innovative applications. | Bingbing Xu Yanda Zhu Changchang Cao Hao Chen Qiongli Jin Guangnan Li Junfeng Ma Siwy Ling Yang Jieyu Zhao Jianghui Zhu Yiliang Ding Xianyang Fang Yongfeng Jin Chun Kit Kwok Aiming Ren Yue Wan Zhiye Wang Yuanchao Xue Huakun Zhang Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang Yu Zhou | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Estimation of Economic and Ecological Value of Raising Sheep in Pastoral Area显示文摘Tibetan sheep is a unique breed of livestock in Alpine pastoral areas,which is one of the main economic pillars of animal husbandry in pastoral areas,in order to analyze and compare the estimated the economic and ecological benefits of Tibetan sheep under different feeding modes,this paper used a simplified model from multiple angles of animal production,economics and Ecology,The results show that:(i)Under the traditional grazing condition,the annual income of raising one ewe is only 23.4 yuan;(ii)Under the high-efficiency breeding mode,the average income of ewes bred by high-efficiency technology was 168 yuan/(head·year),which was 7 times higher than that of ewes under traditional grazing;each lamb could produce an indirect economic benefit of 500 yuan;(iii)The ecosystem service value affected by each Tibetan sheep through grassland was above 150000 yuan. | Zenghai LUO Shengzhen HOU Zhiyou WANG Yuchun XIN Huakun ZHOU Guiying YUAN | 2020 | Asian Agricultural Research2020，12，6： | 0 |
| 11 | Long-term warming does not affect soil ecoenzyme activity and original microbial nutrient limitation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘Microbes play an important role in the carbon cycle and nutrient flow of the soil ecosystem.However,the response of microbial activities to long-term warming over decades is poorly understood.To determine how warming changes ecoenzyme activity and microbial nutrient limitation,we conducted a long-term,21 years,experiment,on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.We selected typical grass-and shrub-covered plots,used fiberglass open-top chambers(OTCs)to raise the temperature,conducted soil sampling at different depths,studied the response of nutrient-acquiring enzyme activity and stoichiometry,and conducted vector analysis of stoichiometry.Our results showed that long-term warming did not have a notable effect on the activity of nutrient-acquiring enzymes or enzymatic stoichiometry.However,Spearman correlation analysis indicated a significant and positive correlation between ecoenzyme activity and the available nutrients and microbial biomass in soil.Vector analysis of stoichiometry showed phosphorus limitation for all soil microbes at different depths,regardless of whether the soil experienced warming.These changes in enzymatic stoichiometry and vector analysis suggested that microbial nutrient limitation was not alleviated substantially by long-term warming,and warming did not considerably affect the stratification of microbial nutrient limitation.Our research has also shown that long-term warming does not significantly change soil ecoenzyme activity and original microbial nutrient limitation at different soil depths within the OTUsʼimpact range.These results could help improve understanding of microbial thermal acclimation and response to future long-term global warming. | Yuanze Li Huakun Zhou Wenjing Chen Yang Wu Lei Lei Qiao ZiRan Yan GuoBin Liu Sha Xue | 2022 | Soil Ecology Letters2022，4，4： | 0 |
| 12 | Contrasting altitudinal patterns of leaf UV reflectance and absorbance in four herbaceous species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Aims Alpine plants have to cope with intense ultraviolet(UV)radiation and its altitudinal changes.It has been argued that leaf UV reflec-tance and absorbance should play a central role in acclimation and adaptation to changes in UV radiation,but evidence is lim-ited from high altitudinal ecosystems.In this study,we assessed whether leaf UV reflectance and leaf pigments jointly vary with altitude in alpine broadleaved herbaceous species.The primary hypothesis is that leaves with higher UV reflectance should have lower UV absorbance and/or lower contents of photosynthetic pigments.Methods Leaf UV reflectance,leaf UV absorbance and photosynthetic pig-ments(chlorophyll a and b,carotenoids)were examined in four broadleaved herbaceous species in relation to their habitat alti-tudes.The leaf surface reflectance and leaf extract absorbance at wavelengths of 305 and 360 nm were measured to examine the leaf optical and photochemical characteristics in the UV-B and UV-A bands,respectively.The species included Saussurea katochaete Maxim.,Saussurea pulchra Lipsch.,Anaphalis lactea Maxim.and Rheum pumilum Maxim.,which are distributed along the same slope from 3200 to 4200 m in the Qilian Mountains,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Important Findings The leaf UV absorbance was approximately twice as high at 305 nm(UV-B)than at 360 nm(UV-A)for all species except R.pumilum.Among the four species,the leaf UV absorbance was the highest and almost all values were within 2-6 Abs cm^(−2)(absorbance cm^(−2))in S.pulchra,but the lowest(frequently<1 Abs cm^(−2))were observed in R.pumilum.Only R.pumilum showed significantly higher values at higher elevations.Leaf UV reflectance was generally higher at higher elevations for all species except for A.lactea,and exhibited much larger altitudinal variations compared to leaf UV absorbance.Anaphalis lactea showed a very high UV reflectance even at low altitudes.Among the four species,photosynthetic pigments tended to decrease with an increase in leaf UV reflectance but increased with leaf UV absorbance.The study suggests that leaf UV reflec-tance,rather than leaf UV absorbance,plays a more active role in acclimation to altitudinal changes in UV radiation,and a high investment in leaf UV reflectance may limit the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments in alpine plants. | Xin Li Xinran Ke Huakun Zhou Yanhong Tang | 2019 | Journal of Plant Ecology2019，12，2： | 0 |
| 13 | Toward a sustainable grassland ecosystem worldwide显示文摘Globally,grasslands,covering about 40%of the Earth’s land area,are vital for supporting important ecosystem functions,services,and livelihoods of millions of humans.Currently,grassland degradation is a major threat to the maintenance of ecological services,1 food security,and sustainable development,and directly hinders the global efforts with meeting goals and targets such as the The UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).Remote sensing approaches have the advantages of spanning large geographical areas withmultiple spatial,spectral,and temporal resolutions.In global scale,remote sensing methods used normalized difference vegetation index to determine net primary productivity(NPP),which still is the effectivemethod to indicate grassland conditions.To master the general situation of grassland,we analyzed the global spatial-temporal variation of NPP from 2001 to 2019 at the pixel level across the globe.As presented in Figure 1A,the NPP values of global grasslands showed an obvious variation trend,which indicated a considerable distribution pattern of spatial heterogeneity.The decreasing and increasing trend in grassland NPP covered approximately 25.3%and 74.5%of the total grassland area,respectively. | Jian Sun Yi Wang Shilong Piao Miao Liu Guodong Han Junran Li Eryuan Liang Tien Ming Lee Guohua Liu Andreas Wilkes Shiliang Liu Wenwu Zhao Huakun Zhou Mesenbet Yibeltal Mulatu Liyew Berihun Dawn Browning Ayele Almaw Fenta Atsushi Tsunekawa Joel Brown Walter Willms Mitsuru Tsubo | 2022 | The Innovation2022，3，4： | 0 |
| 14 | How precipitation and grazing influence the ecological functions of drought-prone grasslands on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, China?显示文摘Drought-prone grasslands provide a critical resource for the millions of people who are dependent on livestock for food security.However,this ecosystem is potentially vulnerable to climate change(e.g.,precipitation)and human activity(e.g.,grazing).Despite this,the influences of precipitation and grazing on ecological functions of drought-prone grasslands in the Tianshan Mountains remain relatively unexplored.Therefore,we conducted a systematic field investigation and a clipping experiment(simulating different intensities of grazing)in a drought-prone grassland on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains in China to examine the influences of precipitation and grazing on aboveground biomass(AGB),soil volumetric water content(SVWC),and precipitation use efficiency(PUE)during the period of 2014–2017.We obtained the meteorological and SVWC data using an HL20 Bowen ratio system and a PR2 soil profile hydrometer,respectively.We found that AGB was clearly affected by both the amount and seasonal pattern of precipitation,and that PUE may be relatively low in years with either low or excessive precipitation.The PUE values were generally higher in the rapid growing season(April–July)than in the entire growing season(April–October).Overall,moderate grazing can promote plant growth under water stress conditions.The SVWC value was higher in the clipped plots than in the unclipped plots in the rapid growing season(April–July),but it was lower in the clipped plots than in the unclipped plots in the slow growing season(August–October).Our findings can enhance the understanding of the ecological effects of precipitation and grazing in drought-prone grasslands and provide data that will support the effective local grassland management. | HUANG Xiaotao LUO Geping CHEN Chunbo PENG Jian ZHANG Chujie ZHOU Huakun YAO Buqing MA Zhen XI Xiaoyan | 2021 | Journal of Arid Land2021，13，1： | 0 |
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