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| 1 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 2 | Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma to chemoembolization显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether intra-procedural diffusion- weighted magnetic resonance imaging can predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during trans- catheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). METHODS: Sixteen patients (15 male), aged 59 ±11 years (range: 42-81 years) underwent a total of 21 separate treatments for unresectable HCC in a hybrid magnetic resonance/interventional radiology suite. Ana- tomical imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (b = 0, 500 s/mm2) were performed on a 1.5-T unit. Tumor enhancement and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC, mm2/s) values were assessed immediately before and at 1 and 3 mo after TACE. We calculated the percent change (PC) in ADC values at all time points. We compared follow-up ADC values to baseline values using a paired t test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The intra-procedural sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (%) for detecting a complete or partial 1-mo tumor response using ADC PC thresholds of ±5%, ±10%, and ±15% were 77, 67, 91, and 40; 54, 67, 88, and 25; and 46, 100, 100, and 30, respectively. There was no clear predictive value for the 3-mo follow-up. Compared to baseline, the immediate post-procedure and 1-mo mean ADC values both increased; the latter obtaining statistical significance (1.48 ± 0.29 mm2/s vs 1.65 ± 0.35 × 10-3 mm2/s, P < 0.014). CONCLUSION: Intra-procedural ADC changes of > 15% predicted 1-mo anatomical HCC response with the greatest accuracy, and can provide valuable feedback at the time of TACE. | Johnathan C Chung Neel K Naik Robert J Lewandowski Mary F Mulcahy Laura M Kulik Kent T Sato Robert K Ryu Riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，25： | 13 |
| 3 | Highly efficient derivation of ventricular cardiomyocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells with a distinct epigenetic signature显示文摘从 pluripotent 干细胞导出的 Cardiomyocytes 能在药测试,疾病建模和基于房间的治疗被使用。没有 procardiogenic 生长因素,然而,从 pluripotent 干细胞的 cardiomyogenesis 的效率通常是低的,产生 cardiomyocyte 人口是异构的。这里,我们证明导致的 pluripotent 干细胞( iPSCs )能从鼠科的室的 myocytes ( VM )被导出,并且与从各种各样的体的房间类型导出的 iPSCs 的另外的报告一致,自发地作为与遗传上匹配的胚胎的干细胞(转换字符)或 iPSCs 相比区分 cardiomyocytes 进跳动的显著地更高的倾向从尾巴尖端成纤维细胞导出的 导出VM 的 iPSCs ( ViPSCs )展览。惊人地,导出 ViPSC 的 cardiomyocytes 显示的多数室的显型。在 ViPSCs 的提高的室的 myogenesis 在区别的早阶段经由心血管的祖先的增加的数字被调停。以便从 ViPSCs 调查提高的室的 myogenesis 的机制,我们执行了全球基因表示和 DNA methylation 分析,它揭示了可以涉及在 pluripotent 干细胞指定 VM 命运的不同 epigenetic 签名。 | Huansheng Xu B Alexander Yi Hao Wu Christoph Bock Hongcang Gu Kathy O Lui Joo-Hye C Park Ying Shao Alyssa K Riley Ibrahim J Domian Erding Hu Robert Willette John Lepore Alexander Meissner Zhong Wang Kenneth R Chien | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，1： | 7 |
| 4 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Model combining pre-transplant tumor biomarkers and tumor size shows more utility in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and survival than the BALAD models显示文摘AIM To assess the performance of BALAD, BALAD-2 and their component biomarkers in predicting outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients after liver transplant.METHODS BALAD score and BALAD-2 class are derived from bilirubin, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP(AFP-L3), and des-gammacarboxyprothrombin(DCP). Pre-transplant AFP, AFP-L3 and DCP were measured in 113 patients transplanted for HCC from 2000 to 2008. Hazard ratios(HR) for recurrence and death were calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. C-statistics were used to compare biomarker-based to predictive models. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, 38 patients recurred and 87 died. The HRs for recurrence in patients with elevated AFP, AFP-L3, and DCP defined by BALAD cut-off values were 2.42(1.18-5.00), 1.86(0.98-3.52), and 2.83(1.42-5.61), respectively. For BALAD, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased score were 1.48(1.15-1.91) and 1.59(1.28-1.97). For BALAD-2, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased class were 1.45(1.06-1.98) and 1.38(1.09-1.76). For recurrence prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs. 0.64, 0.61, 0.53, and 0.53 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF, respectively. Similarly, for death prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs 0.65,0.61, 0.52, and 0.50 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF. A new model combining biomarkers with tumor size at the time of transplant(S-LAD) demonstrated the highest predictive capability with c-statistics of 0.71 and 0.69 for recurrence and death. CONCLUSION BALAD and BALAD-2 are valid in transplant HCC patients, but less predictive than the three biomarkers in combination or the three biomarkers in combination with maximal tumor diameter(S-LAD). | Nicha Wongjarupong Gabriela M Negron-Ocasio Roongruedee Chaiteerakij Benyam D Addissie Essa A Mohamed Kristin C Mara William S Harmsen J Paul Theobald Brian E Peters Joseph G Balsanek Melissa M Ward Nasra H Giama Sudhakar K Venkatesh Denise M Harnois Michael R Charlton Hiroyuki Yamada Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich Melissa R Snyder Terry M Therneau Lewis R Roberts | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，12： | 5 |
| 6 | Recurrent ectopic pancreatitis of the jejunum and mesentery over a 30-year period显示文摘BACKGROUND:Ectopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue found outside its usual anatomical position,with no ductal or vascular communication with the native pancreas. We describe a case of ectopic pancreas of the small bowel and mesentery causing recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, initially suspected on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP),and confirmed on histological review of the resection. METHODS:A 67-year-old woman presented with clinical symptoms and biochemical evidence of pancreatitis.She had similar episodes over the past 30 years with unrevealing investigations,and was concluded to have idiopathic pancreatitis. She underwent CT and MRCP,with findings suggestive of ectopic pancreas,a diagnosis confirmed on histology of the resection. RESULTS:MRCP identified a mass in the proximal small bowel mesentery isointense to the native pancreas,with a small duct draining into a proximal jejunal loop.The resected specimen consisted of normal parenchyma with lobulated acinar tissue with scattered islets of Langerhans,an occasional ductular structure,and admixed areas of adipose tissue.The patient remained asymptomatic with normal biochemistry six months post-operatively. CONCLUSION:In an individual with abdominal pain,elevated serum amylase/lipase,but imaging findings of a normal native pancreas,ectopic pancreatitis should be considered,and can be evaluated by CT and MRCP. | John CT Wong Charlotte Robinson Edward C Jones Alison Harris Charles Zwirewich Robert Wakefield Richard K Simons Eric M Yoshida | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，2： | 4 |
| 7 | Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial显示文摘 | Michael P Manns John G McHutchison Stuart C Gordon Vinod K Rustgi Mitchell Shiffman Robert Reindollar Zachary D Goodman Kenneth Koury Mei-Hsiu Ling Janice K Albrecht | 2001 | The Lancet2001，，9286： | 4 |
| 8 | Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial显示文摘 | Roger Stupp Monika E Hegi Warren P Mason Martin J van den Bent Martin JB Taphoorn Robert C Janzer Samuel K Ludwin Anouk Allgeier Barbara Fisher Karl Belanger Peter Hau Alba A Brandes Johanna Gijtenbeek Christine Marosi Charles J Vecht Karima Mokhtari Piet | 2009 | Lancet Oncology2009，，5： | 4 |
| 9 | Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial显示文摘 | Michael P Manns John G McHutchison Stuart C Gordon Vinod K Rustgi Mitchell Shiffman Robert Reindollar Zachary D Goodman Kenneth Koury Mei-Hsiu Ling Janice K Albrecht | 2001 | The Lancet . 2001 (9286)2001，，9286： | 4 |
| 10 | Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial显示文摘 | Michael P Manns John G McHutchison Stuart C Gordon Vinod K Rustgi Mitchell Shiffman Robert Reindollar Zachary D Goodman Kenneth Koury Mei-Hsiu Ling Janice K Albrecht | 2001 | 2001 (9286)2001，，9286： | 4 |
| 11 | Environmental magnetism: Principles and applications显示文摘 | Liu Qingsong Roberts Andrew P Larrasoa?a Juan C Banerjee Subir K Guyodo Yohan Tauxe Lisa Oldfield Frank | 2012 | EN2012，，4： | 3 |
| 12 | Sofosbuvir with pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C genotype-1 infection (ATOMIC): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial显示文摘 | Kris V Kowdley Eric Lawitz Israel Crespo Tarek Hassanein Mitchell N Davis Michael DeMicco David E Bernstein Nezam Afdhal John M Vierling Stuart C Gordon Jane K Anderson Robert H Hyland Hadas Dvory-Sobol Di An Robert G Hindes Efsevia Albanis William T Symo | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，9883： | 3 |
| 13 | Raman spectroscopy employed for the determination of the intermediate phase in polyethylene显示文摘 | CHRISTOPHER C N ROBERT J M BERT J K et al | 1995 | Macromolecules1995，28，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Hyper-X Post-Flight Trajectory Reconstruction显示文摘 | Christopher D K Paul V T Robert C B | 2006 | Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets2006，43，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Development of chlorine dioxide related by-product models for drinking water treatment显示文摘 | Caroline K Robert C Anderews B | 2002 | Water Res2002，36，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Exerclse-stimulated glucase transport in skeletal muscle is nitric oxide dependent显示文摘 | Roberts C K Barnard R J Scheck S H | 1997 | Am J Physiol1997，273，： | 1 |
| 17 | Microparticles of poly (DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly (ethylene glycol) blends for controlled drug delivery 显示文摘 | ROBERT L C KAREN C K SUZANNE G E | 1997 | J Control Rel1997，48，： | 1 |
| 18 | Sereening high-risk populations for lung eaneer guideline reeommendations显示文摘 | Roberts H Walker-Pilks C Siviee K | 2013 | J Thorac Oneol2013，8，： | 1 |
| 19 | Estimating spare requirements with com-monality and redundancy显示文摘 | Robert C K Tovey C | 2007 | Journal of Spacecraft and Rock-ets2007，44，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Bacterial RNA chaperones confer abiotic stress tolerance in plants and improved grain yield in maize under water-limited condition 显示文摘 | Paolo C Dave W Robert J B Don C A Jay H Martin S Mark A Ganesh K Sara S Robert D Santiago N Stephanie B Mary F Jayaprakash T Santanu D Christopher B Michael H L Jacqueline E H | 2008 | Plant Physiology2008，147，2： | 1 |
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