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| 1 | The dynamic and thermodynamic processes dominating the reduction of global land monsoon precipitation driven by anthropogenic aerosols emission显示文摘Changes in monsoon precipitation have profound social and economic impacts as more than two-thirds of the world’s population lives in monsoon regions.Observations show a significant reduction in global land monsoon precipitation during the second half of the 20 th century.Understanding the cause of this change,especially possible anthropogenic origins,is important.Here,we compare observed changes in global land monsoon precipitation during 1948–2005 with those simulated by 5 global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project-phase 5(CMIP5)under different external forcings.We show that the observed drying trend is consistent with the model simulated response to anthropogenic forcing and to anthropogenic aerosol forcing in particular.We apply the optimal fingerprinting method to quantify anthropogenic influences on precipitation and find that anthropogenic aerosols may have contributed to 102%(62–144%for the 5–95%confidence interval)of the observed decrease in global land monsoon precipitation.A moisture budget analysis indicates that the reduction in precipitation results from reduced vertical moisture advection in response to aerosol forcing.Since much of the monsoon regions,such as India and China,have been experiencing rapid developments with increasing aerosol emissions in the past decedes,our results imply a further reduction in monsoon precipitation in these regions in the future if effective mitigations to reduce aerosol emissions are not deployed.The observed decline of aerosol emission in China since 2006 helps to alleviate the reducing trend of monsoon precipiptaion. | Tianjun ZHOU Wenxia ZHANG Lixia ZHANG Xuebin ZHANG Yun QIAN Dongdong PENG Shuangmei MA Buwen DONG | 2020 | Science China Earth Sciences2020，63，7： | 7 |
| 2 | Blunted nitric oxide regulation in Tibetans under high-altitude hypoxia显示文摘Nitric oxide(NO) is an important molecule for vasomotor tone, and elevated NO signaling was previously hypothesized as a unique and adaptive physiological change in highland Tibetans. However, there has been lack of NO data from Tibetans living at low altitude and lowlander immigrants living at high altitude, which is crucial to test this hypothesis. Here, through cross-altitude(1990–5018 m) and cross-population(Tibetans and Han Chinese) analyses of serum NO metabolites(NOx) of 2086 individuals, we demonstrate that although Tibetans have a higher serum NOx level compared to lowlanders, Han Chinese immigrants living at high altitude show an even higher level than Tibetans. Consequently, our data contradict the previous proposal of increased NO signaling as the unique adaptive strategy in Tibetans.Instead, Tibetans have a relatively lower circulating NOx level at high altitude. This observation is further supported by data from the hypoxic experiments using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and gene knockout mice. No difference is detected between Tibetans and Han Chinese for endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS), the key enzyme for circulating NO synthesis, suggesting that e NOS itself is unlikely to be the cause. We show that other NO synthesis-related genes(e.g. GCH1) carry Tibetan-enriched mutations significantly associated with the level of circulating NOx in Tibetans. Furthermore, gene network analysis revealed that the downregulation and upregulation of NOx is possibly achieved through distinct pathways.Collectively, our findings provide novel insights into the physiological and genetic mechanisms of the evolutionary adaptation of Tibetans to high-altitude hypoxia. | Yaoxi He Xuebin Qi Ouzhuluobu Shiming Liu Jun Li Hui Zhang Baimakangzhuo Caijuan Bai Wangshan Zheng Yongbo Guo Duojizhuoma Baimayangji Dejiquzong Bianba Gonggalanzi Yongyue Pan Qula Kangmin Cirenyangji Wei Guo Yangla Yi Peng Xiaoming Zhang Kun Xiang Zhaohui Yang Liangbang Wang Gengdeng Yanfeng Zhang Tianyi Wu Bing Su Chaoying Cui | 2018 | National Science Review2018，5，4： | 7 |
| 3 | Progress on design and related R&D activities for the water-cooled breeder blanket for CFETR显示文摘The water-cooled ceramic breeder (WCCB) blanket is one of the blanket candidates for Chinese fusion engineering testing reactor (CFETR) and is being developed at the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP). This paper reviews design and evolution of the WCCB blanket for CFETR, and presents a new WCCB blanket design according to the latest CFETR core parameters (major and minor radii are R = 7.2 m and a = 2.2 m, respectively) and missions. This new design is expected to satisfy multiple CFETR operation modes of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 GW fusion power and achieve tritium self-sufficiency. The feasibility of the updated blanket design is evaluated from the aspects of neutronics and thermo-hydraulics. Furthermore, the research and development (R&D) activities supporting to the WCCB blanket for CFETR are reported, including the design code, the water loop experiments, the pebble bed modeling and experiments, and the components fabrication technology. | Songlin Liu Xiaoman Cheng Xuebin Ma Lei Chen Kecheng Jiang Xia Li Hui Bao Jichao Wang Wanjing Wang Changhong Peng Peng Lu Min Li Kai Huang | 2019 | Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters2019，9，3： | 6 |
| 4 | Mesenchymal stem cell treatment improves outcome of COVID-19 patients via multiple immunomodulatory mechanisms显示文摘The infusion of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients with mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)potentially improves clinical symptoms,but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.We conducted a randomized,single-blind,placebo-controlled(29 patients/group)phase II clinical trial to validate previous findings and explore the potential mechanisms.Patients treated with umbilical cord-derived MSCs exhibited a shorter hospital stay(P=0.0198)and less time required for symptoms remission(P=0.0194)than those who received placebo.Based on chest images,both severe and critical patients treated with MSCs showed improvement by day 7(P=0.0099)and day 21(P=0.0084).MSC-treated patients had fewer adverse events.MSC infusion reduced the levels of C-reactive protein,proinflammatory cytokines,and neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)and promoted the maintenance of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies.To explore how MSCs modulate the immune system,we employed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on peripheral blood.Our analysis identified a novel subpopulation of VNN2+hematopoietic stem/progenitorlike(HSPC-like)cells expressing CSF3R and PTPRE that were mobilized following MSC infusion.Genes encoding chemotaxis factors—CX3CR1 and L-selectin—were upregulated in various immune cells.MSC treatment also regulated B cell subsets and increased the expression of costimulatory CD28 in T cells in vivo and in vitro.In addition,an in vivo mouse study confirmed that MSCs suppressed NET release and reduced venous thrombosis by upregulating kindlin-3 signaling.Together,our results underscore the role of MSCs in improving COVID-19 patient outcomes via maintenance of immune homeostasis. | Rongjia Zhu Tingdong Yan Yingmei Feng Yan Liu Hongcui Cao Gongxin Peng Yanlei Yang Zhen Xu Jingqi Liu Wei Hou Xiaoyue Wang Zhe Li Luchan Deng Shihua Wang Jing Li Qin Han Hongling Li Guangliang Shan Yinghao Cao Xingyan An Jianshe Yan Zhonghui Zhang Huafei Li Xuebin Qu Jiaqi Zhu Shumin Zhou Jiao Wang Fengchun Zhang Jinming Gao Ronghua Jin Dayong Xu Yan-Qing Ma Tao Huang Shuang Peng Zhi Zheng Ilia Stambler Eric Gilson Lee Wei Lim Alexey Moskalev Antonio Cano Sasanka Chakrabarti Brun Ulfhake Huanxing Su Haoying Xu Sihuan Xu Feng Wei Holly MBrown-Borg Kyung-Jin Min Georgina Ellison-Hughes Calogero Caruso Kunlin Jin Robert Chunhua Zhao | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，12： | 5 |
| 5 | Wind and Photovoltaic Power Time Series Data Aggregation Method Based on an Ensemble Clustering and Markov Chain显示文摘Reducing the input wind and photovoltaic power time series data can improve the efficiency of time sequential simulations.In this paper,a wind and photovoltaic power time series data aggregation method based on an ensemble clustering and Markov chain(ECMC)is proposed.The ECMC method can effectively reduce redundant information in the data.First,the wind and photovoltaic power time series data were divided into scenarios,and ensemble clustering was used to cluster the divided scenarios.At the same time,the Davies-Bouldin Index(DBI)is adopted to select the optimal number of clusters.Then,according to the temporal correlation between wind and photovoltaic scenarios,the wind and photovoltaic clustering results are merged and reduced to form a set of combined typical day scenarios that can reflect the characteristics of historical data within the calculation period.Finally,based on the Markov Chain,the state transition probability matrix of various combined typical day scenarios is constructed,and the aggregation state sequence of random length is generated,and then,the combined typical day scenarios of wind and photovoltaic were sampled in a sequential one-way sequence according to the state sequence and then are built into a representative wind and photovoltaic power time series aggregation sequence.A provincial power grid was chosen as an example to compare the multiple evaluation indexes of different aggregation methods.The results show that the ECMC aggregation method improves the accuracy and efficiency of time sequential simulations. | Jingxin Jin Lin Ye Jiachen Li Yongning Zhao Peng Lu Weisheng Wang Xuebin Wang | 2022 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2022，8，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Rice seeds identification based on back propagation neural network model显示文摘Rice quality directly affects the final rice yield.In order to achieve rapid,non-destructive testing of rice seeds,this paper combines the three-dimensional laser scanning technology and back propagation(BP)neural network algorithm to build a rice seeds identification platform.The information on rice seed surface is collected from four angles and processed using Geomagic Studio software.Based on the noise filtering,smoothing of the point cloud,vulnerability repair,and downsampling,the three-dimensional(3D)morphological characteristics of a rice seed surface,and the projection features of the main plane cross-section are obtained through the calculation of the features.The experiments were performed on five rice varieties,including Da Hua aromatic glutinous,Hong ShiⅠ,Tian You VIII,Xin Dao X,and Yu Jing VI.The resulting input vector consisted respectively of:(1)nine 3D morphological surface features,(2)nine projection features of the main cross-section plane of rice,and(3)all of the above features.The results showed that for an input vector consisting of nine surface 3D morphological features,the recognition rate of the five rice varieties was 95%,96%,87%,93%,and 89%,respectively;for an input vector consisting of nine projection features of the main cross-section plane of rice seeds,the recognition rate was 96%,96%,90%,92%,and 89%,respectively;and lastly,for an input vector consisting of all the features,the highest recognition rate of 96%,97%,91%,94%,and 90%,respectively,was achieved.The analysis showed that rice varieties could be identified by using 3D laser scanning.Therefore,the proposed method can improve the accuracy of rice varieties identification. | Xuebin Feng Peijun He Huaxi Zhang Wenqing Yin Yan Qian Peng Cao Fei Hu | 2019 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2019，12，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Th17/Treg balance and factors related to autoimmune hepatitis显示文摘Background:Although Th17 cells and regulatory T cells play critical roles in autoimmune hepatitis,the balance between them in acute and chronic immune hepatitis is not well‐studied.The objective of this study was to explore the role of Th17/Treg balance in autoimmune hepatitis.Methods:Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following three groups:acute model(AC),chronic model(CC),and healthy control(HC).Aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and bilirubin levels were measured.Peripheral blood interleukin(IL)‐17,IL‐6,IL‐10,and transforming growth factor‐βcytokine levels were also assessed.Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in the Th17 cell and Treg cell frequency,and the Th17/Treg ratio was calculated.Results:The frequency of Th17 cells and Treg cells were both increased(p<0.05)and the Th17/Treg ratio was higher in the AC group compared with those in the HC group(p<0.05).Th17 cell levels were significantly lower and Treg cell levels were significantly higher in the CC group,compared with those in the AC group(p<0.05).In addition,the Th17/Treg ratio was lower in the CC group compared with that in the HC group(p<0.05).Conclusion:The Th17/Treg ratio was increased in the acute immune liver injury model and decreased in the chronic liver injury model.Th17/Treg imbalance may play a critical role in liver injury occurrence and development. | Miao Xue Junshuai Feng Aimin Yang Liping Gao Xuebin Peng Ni Jiang Xiaorong Mao | 2022 | Rheumatology & Autoimmunity2022，2，4： | 1 |
| 8 | FOXM1 expression predicts the prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after orthotopic liver transplantation combined with the Milan criteria显示文摘 | Hongcheng Sun Mujian Teng Jie Liu Dong Jin Junyi Wu Dongwang Yan Junwei Fan Xuebin Qin Huamei Tang Zhihai Peng | 2011 | Cancer Letters2011，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Genome degradation promotes Salmonella pathoadaptation by remodeling fimbriae-mediated proinflammatory response显示文摘Understanding changes in pathogen behavior(e.g.increased virulence,a shift in transmission channel)is critical for the public health management of emerging infectious diseases.Genome degradation via gene depletion or inactivation is recognized as a pathoadaptive feature of the pathogen evolving with the host.However,little is known about the exact role of genome degradation in affecting pathogenic behavior,and the underlying molecular detail has yet to be examined.Using large-scale global avian-restricted Salmonella genomes spanning more than a century,we projected the genetic diversity of Salmonella Pullorum(bvSP)by showing increasingly antimicrobial-resistant ST92 prevalent in Chinese flocks.The phylogenomic analysis identified three lineages in bvSP,with an enhancement of virulence in the two recently emerged lineages(L2/L3),as evidenced in chicken and embryo infection assays.Notably,the ancestor L1 lineage resembles the Salmonella serovars with higher metabolic flexibilities and more robust environmental tolerance,indicating stepwise evolutionary trajectories towards avian-restricted lineages.Pan-genome analysis pinpointed fimbrial degradation from a virulent lineage.The later engineeredfim-deletion mutant,and all other five fimbrial systems,revealed behavior switching that restricted horizontal fecal-oral transmission but boosted virulence in chicks.By depleting fimbrial appendages,bvSP established persistent replication with less proinflammation in chick macrophages and adopted vertical transovarial transmission,accompanied by ever-increasing intensification in the poultry industry.Together,we uncovered a previously unseen paradigm for remodeling bacterial surface appendages that supplements virulence-enhanced evolution with increased vertical transmission. | Xiao Zhou Xiamei Kang Jiaqi Chen Yan Song Chenghao Jia Lin Teng Yanting Tang Zhijie Jiang Xianqi Peng Xiaoxi Tao Yiwei Xu Linlin Huang Xuebin Xu Yaohui Xu Tengfei Zhang Shenye Yu Jiansen Gong Shaohui Wang Yuqing Liu Guoqiang Zhu Corinna Kehrenberg Franois-Xavier Weill Paul Barrow Yan Li Guoping Zhao Min Yue | 2023 | National Science Review2023，10，10： | 0 |
| 10 | Optimization of different intensities of exercise preconditioning in protecting exhausted exercise induced heart injury in rats显示文摘This study was to optimize the exercise preconditioning(EP)intensity in protecting from exhaustive exercise-induced cardiac injury(EECI).A total of 98 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 7 groups(n=14):the control group(C),the exhaustive exercise group(EE)and the EP+EE groups,which include the V10(53.0%VO_(2max)),V15(58.4%VO_(2max)),V20(67.0%VO_(2max)),V26(74.0%VO_(2max))and V30(80.0%VO_(2max))groups.Except the C group,the other groups were subjected to treadmill running.The serum contents of N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)and cardiac troponin I(cTn-I)were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method,ECG was recorded,heart function was detected by pressure volume catheter and the activities of mitochondrial electron transfer pathway(ET pathway)complexesⅠ,ⅡandⅣwere measured by high-resolution respiration instrument.Compared to the EE group,the EP groups have shown decrease of NT-proBNP and cTn-I,improvement of mitochondrial respiratory function and car-diac function.Compared to other EP groups,the V26 group has shown significant decrease of myocardial enzymes and improvement of mitochondrial function.The correlation analysis showed the EP effect was proportional to EP intensity in the range of 53.0%VO_(2max)-74.0%VO_(2max).High intensity and long duration of exhaustive exercise caused cardiac injury and EP could decrease serum level of NT-proBNP and cTn-I,improve electrical derangement and the left ventricular function,and raise the activities of ET pathway complexesⅠ,ⅡandⅣ.The protection of EP on EECI was improved as the EP intensity was increased from 53.0%VO_(2max)to 74.0%VO_(2max)and when EP intensity was 74.0%VO_(2max),the effect was the most obvious among all the setting EP groups. | Zheng Ping Weijia Qiu Mei Yang Xiaoli Zhang Dongying Wang Peng Xu Ziwen Wang Xuebin Cao | 2021 | Sports Medicine and Health Science2021，3，4： | 0 |
| 11 | Two-Stage Solar Flare Forecasting Based on Convolutional Neural Networks显示文摘Solar flares are solar storm events driven by the magnetic field in the solar activity area.Solar flare,often associated with solar proton event or CME,has a negative impact on ratio communication,aviation,and aerospace.Therefore,its forecasting has attracted much attention from the academic community.Due to the limitation of the unbalanced distribution of the observation data,most techniques failed to effectively learn complex magnetic field characteristics,leading to poor forecasting performance.Through the statistical analysis of solar flare magnetic map data observed by SDO/HMI from 2010 to 2019,we find that unsupervised clustering algorithms have high accuracy in identifying the sunspot group in which the positive samples account for the majority.Furthermore,for these identified sunspot groups,the ensemble model that integrates the capability of boosting and convolutional neural network(CNN)achieves high-precision prediction of whether the solar flares will occur in the next 48 hours.Based on the above findings,a two-stage solar flare early warning system is established in this paper.The F1 score of our method is 0.5639,which shows that it is superior to the traditional methods such as logistic regression and support vector machine(SVM). | Jun Chen Weifu Li Shuxin Li Hong Chen Xuebin Zhao Jiangtao Peng Yanhong Chen Hao Deng | 2022 | Space(Science & Technology)2022，，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Facial-sketch Synthesis:A New Challenge显示文摘This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive study on facial-sketch synthesis(FSS).However,due to the high cost of obtaining hand-drawn sketch datasets,there is a lack of a complete benchmark for assessing the development of FSS algorithms over the last decade.We first introduce a high-quality dataset for FSS,named FS2K,which consists of 2104 image-sketch pairs spanning three types of sketch styles,image backgrounds,lighting conditions,skin colors,and facial attributes.FS2K differs from previous FSS datasets in difficulty,diversity,and scalability and should thus facilitate the progress of FSS research.Second,we present the largest-scale FSS investigation by reviewing 89 classic methods,including 25 handcrafted feature-based facial-sketch synthesis approaches,29 general translation methods,and 35 image-to-sketch approaches.In addition,we elaborate comprehensive experiments on the existing 19 cutting-edge models.Third,we present a simple baseline for FSS,named FSGAN.With only two straightforward components,i.e.,facialaware masking and style-vector expansion,our FSGAN surpasses the performance of all previous state-of-the-art models on the proposed FS2K dataset by a large margin.Finally,we conclude with lessons learned over the past years and point out several unsolved challenges.Our code is available at http://gffzz188fe103f8f1460asc6q0v9nvovnw6c99.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/DengPingFan/FSGAN. | Deng-Ping Fan Ziling Huang Peng Zheng Hong Liu Xuebin Qin Luc Van Gool | 2022 | Machine Intelligence Research2022，19，4： | 0 |
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