| 5 | Stimbiotic supplementation modulated intestinal inflammatory response and improved broilers performance in an experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis infection model显示文摘Background:Two experiments were conducted to establish an optimal NE challenge model and evaluate the efficacy of stimbiotic(STB)supplementation in necrotic enteritis(NE)challenged broilers.In Exp.1,a total of 120 Arbor Acres(AA)broilers(45.0±0.21 g)were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3×2 factorial arrangement.Vaccine treatments included non-challenge(0),×10 the recommended dose(×10)or×20 the recommended dose(×20)by the manufacturer.Clostridium perfringens(CP)treatments were non-challenge(No)or 3 mL of 2.2×10^(7)CFU CP challenge(Yes).In Exp.2,a total of 72 AA broilers(40.17±0.27 g)were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3×2 factorial arrangement.Dietary treatments included non-additive(CON),100 mg/kg STB(STB)and 100 mg/kg STB on top of a typical commercial blend including an essential oil,probiotics,and enzyme(CB).Challenge treatments included non-NE challenge(No)and NE challenge(Yes)as established in Exp.1.Results:In Exp.1,CP and vaccine challenge decreased(P<0.05)body weight(BW),body weight gain(BWG)and feed intake(FI),and increased(P<0.05)the number of broilers with diarrhea and intestinal lesions.The oral administration of×20 recommended dose of vaccines coupled with 3 mL of 2.2×10^(7)CFU CP resulted in(P<0.01)a significantly increased incidence of wet litter and intestinal lesions.Thus,this treatment was chosen as the challenge model for the successful inducement of NE in Exp.2.In Exp.2,the NE challenge negatively affected(P<0.01)growth performance,ileal morphology,immunoglobulin contents in blood,caecal microbiota in the caecum,footpad dermatitis,intestinal lesion scores,tumour necrosis factor(TNF-α)and endotoxin in the serum compared with the non-NE challenged birds.The supplementation of STB and CB in diets enhanced(P<0.05)growth performance,intestinal microbiota,and blood profiles by stimulating ileal morphology(VH and VH:CD)and propionate production in the cecum,and there were no differences in measured variables between STB and CB supplemented birds.Conclusion:Overall,these results indicate that STB supplementation was able to reduce the inflammatory response and improve the performance of NE challenged birds,and the supplementation of STB alone was as effective as a typical commercial blend containing a number of other additives. | Ji Hwan Lee Byongkon Lee Xavière Rousseau Gilson A.Gomes Han Jin Oh Yong Ju Kim Se Yeon Chang Jae Woo An Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Hyun Ah Cho Jin Ho Cho | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，1： | 0 |
| 10 | 葡萄牙滑坡:程度及经济意义显示文摘尽管葡萄牙国土很小(89,00km^2),但各个地区,特别是从北方到南方,内地与海滨地区之间存在着悬殊的差别。这些差别包括地质、自然地理、气候及人口分布等方面。葡萄牙位于地中海与大西洋交汇处,年平均降雨量由南部内地的592mm到西北地区的2190mm不等。短期强度可达每小时45mm。整个地区可分为三个主要的大型地貌结构单元,Hercinic高原更清楚地反映了南北两方的自然对比情况:北部和中部地区的地势较高,以花岗片麻岩为主,形成了一个由众多深窄河谷切割的多山高原(400~2000m);而南部地域开阔,地势较低,呈平缓波状起伏;南端被一高达500m的复理石岩系山脉与中新生代的边缘地带隔开。中新生代边缘区的丘陵及抬升地带是由以灰岩和泥灰岩为主的沉积岩层组成的,其高度很少超过400m。 | Rodrigues L.F. A.Gomes Coelho 肖岚 | 1991 | 世界地质1991，10，1： | 0 |
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