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| 1 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 2 | Deferoxamine promotes recovery of traumatic spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis显示文摘Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent novel cell death pathway. Deferoxamine, a ferroptosis inhibitor, has been reported to promote spinal cord injury repair. It has yet to be clarified whether ferroptosis inhibition represents the mechanism of action of Deferoxamine on spinal cord injury recovery. A rat model of Deferoxamine at thoracic 10 segment was established using a modified Allen's method. Ninety 8-week-old female Wistar rats were used. Rats in the Deferoxamine group were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg Deferoxamine 30 minutes before injury. Simultaneously, the Sham and Deferoxamine groups served as controls. Drug administration was conducted for 7 consecutive days. The results were as follows:(1) Electron microscopy revealed shrunken mitochondria in the spinal cord injury group.(2) The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating score showed that recovery of the hindlimb was remarkably better in the Deferoxamine group than in the spinal cord injury group.(3) The iron concentration was lower in the Deferoxamine group than in the spinal cord injury group after injury.(4) Western blot assay revealed that, compared with the spinal cord injury group, GPX4, xCT, and glutathione expression was markedly increased in the Deferoxamine group.(5) Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that, compared with the Deferoxamine group, mRNA levels of ferroptosis-related genes Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2(ACSF2) and iron-responsive element-binding protein 2(IREB2) were up-regulated in the Deferoxamine group.(6) Deferoxamine increased survival of neurons and inhibited gliosis. These findings confirm that Deferoxamine can repair spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis. Targeting ferroptosis is therefore a promising therapeutic approach for spinal cord injury. | Xue Yao Yan Zhang Jian Hao Hui-Quan Duan Chen-Xi Zhao Chao Sun Bo Li Bao-You Fan Xu Wang Wen-Xiang Li Xuan-Hao Fu Yong Hu Chang Liu Xiao-Hong Kong Shi-Qing Feng | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，3： | 35 |
| 3 | Normoalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease显示文摘 | Chao Chen Chang Wang Chun Hu Yachun Han Li Zhao Xuejing Zhu Li Xiao Lin Sun | 2017 | Frontiers of Medicine2017，11，3： | 38 |
| 4 | The Serum Exosome Derived MicroRNA-135a,-193b, and-384 Were Potential Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers显示文摘Objective MicroR NAs(mi Rs) are attractive molecules to be considered as one of the blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease(AD). The goal of this study was to explore their potential value as biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD. Methods The expression levels of exosomal miR-135 a,-193 b, and-384 in the serum from mild cognitive impairment(MCI), dementia of Alzheimer-type(DAT), Parkinson's disease with dementia(PDD), and vascular dementia(VaD) patients were measured with a real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR(qR T-PCR) method. Results Both serum exosome mi R-135 a and miR-384 were up-regulated while miR-193 b was down-regulated in serum of AD patients compared with that of normal controls. Exosome miR-384 was the best among the three miR s to discriminate AD, VaD, and PDD. Using the cut-off value could better interpret these laboratory test results than reference intervals in the AD diagnosis. ROC curve showed that the combination of mi R-135 a,-193 b, and-384 was proved to be better than a particular one for early AD diagnosis. Conclusion Our results indicated that the exosomal miR s in the serum were not only potential biomarker of AD early diagnosis, but might also provide novel insights into the screen and prevention of the disease. | YANG Ting Ting LIU Chen Geng GAO Shi Chao ZHANG Yi WANG Pei Chang | 2018 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2018，31，2： | 35 |
| 5 | Models and estimators linking individual-based and sample-based rarefaction, extrapolation and comparison of assemblages显示文摘Aims In ecology and conservation biology,the number of species counted in a biodiversity study is a key metric but is usually a biased underestimate of total species richness because many rare species are not detected.Moreover,comparing species richness among sites or samples is a statistical challenge because the observed number of species is sensitive to the number of individuals counted or the area sampled.For individual-based data,we treat a single,empirical sample of species abundances from an investigator-defined species assemblage or community as a reference point for two estimation objectives under two sampling models:estimating the expected number of species(and its unconditional variance)in a random sample of(i)a smaller number of individuals(multinomial model)or a smaller area sampled(Poisson model)and(ii)a larger number of individuals or a larger area sampled.For sample-based incidence(presence–absence)data,under a Bernoulli product model,we treat a single set of species incidence frequencies as the reference point to estimate richness for smaller and larger numbers of sampling units.Methods The first objective is a problem in interpolation that we address with classical rarefaction(multinomial model)and Coleman rarefaction(Poisson model)for individual-based data and with sample-based rarefaction(Bernoulli product model)for incidence frequencies.The second is a problem in extrapolation that we address with sampling-theoretic predictors for the number of species in a larger sample(multinomial model),a larger area(Poisson model)or a larger number of sampling units(Bernoulli product model),based on an estimate of asymptotic species richness.Although published methods exist for many of these objectives,we bring them together here with some new estimators under a unified statistical and notational framework.This novel integration of mathematically distinct approaches allowed us to link interpolated(rarefaction)curves and extrapolated curves to plot a unified species accumulation curve for empirical examples.We provide new,unconditional variance estimators for classical,individual-based rarefaction and for Coleman rarefaction,long missing from the toolkit of biodiversity measurement.We illustrate these methods with datasets for tropical beetles,tropical trees and tropical ants.Important Findings Surprisingly,for all datasets we examined,the interpolation(rarefaction)curve and the extrapolation curve meet smoothly at the reference sample,yielding a single curve.Moreover,curves representing 95%confidence intervals for interpolated and extrapolated richness estimates also meet smoothly,allowing rigorous statistical comparison of samples not only for rarefaction but also for extrapolated richness values.The confidence intervals widen as the extrapolation moves further beyond the reference sample,but the method gives reasonable results for extrapolations up to about double or triple the original abundance or area of the reference sample.We found that the multinomial and Poisson models produced indistinguishable results,in units of estimated species,for all estimators and datasets.For sample-based abundance data,which allows the comparison of all three models,the Bernoulli product model generally yields lower richness estimates for rarefied data than either the multinomial or the Poisson models because of the ubiquity of non-random spatial distributions in nature. | Robert K.Colwell Anne Chao Nicholas J.Gotelli Shang-Yi Lin Chang Xuan Mao Robin L.Chazdon John T.Longino | 2012 | Journal of Plant Ecology2012，5，1： | 37 |
| 6 | Spider angiomas in patients with liver cirrhosis: Role of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) are associated wibh spider angiomas in patients wibh liver cirrhosis. METHODS: Eighty-six patients with liver cirrhosis were enrolled and the number and size of the spider angiomas were recorded. Fifty-three healthy subjects were selected as controls. Plasma levels of VEGF and bFGF were measured in both the cirrhotics and the controls. RESULTS: Plasma VEGF and bFGF were increased in cirrhotics compared with controls (122±13 vs. 71±11 pg/mL, P=0.003 for VEGF; 5.1±0.5 vs. 3.4±0.5 pg/mL, P=0.022 for bFGF). In cirrhotics, plasma VEGF and bFGF were also higher in patients with spider angiomas compared with patients without spider angiomas (185±28 vs. 90±10 pg/mL, P=-0.003 for VEGF; 6.8±1.0 vs. 4.1±0.5 pg/mL, P=0.017 for bFGF). Multivariate logistic regression showed that young age and increased plasma levels of VEGF and bFGF were the most significant predictors for the presence of spider angiomas in cirrhotic patients (odds ratio [OR]=6.64, 95% confidence interval[CI]=2.02-21.79, P=0.002; OR=4.35, 95% CI=1.35-14.01,P=0.014; OR=5.66, 95% CI=1.72-18.63, P=0.004, respectively). CONCLUSION: Plasma VEGF and bFGF are elevated inpatients with liver cirrhosis. Age as well as plasma levels of VEGF and bFGF are significant predictors for spider angiomas in cirrhotic patients. | Chun-Pin Li Fa-Yauh Lee Shinn-Jang Hwang Rei-Hwa Lu Wei-Ping Lee Yee Chao Sung-Sang Wang Full-Young Chang Jacqueline Whang-Peng Shou-Dong Lee | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，12： | 24 |
| 7 | Cardiotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil and capecitabine in Chinese patients: a prospective study显示文摘Background:5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)and capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity ranging from asymptomatic electro-cardiography(ECG)abnormalities to severe myocardial infarction has been reported in a number of studies,but such cardiotoxicity in Chinese patients with malignant diseases has not been investigated to date.In the present study,we aimed to prospectively evaluate the incidence rates and clinical manifestations of 5-FU-and capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity in cancer patients recruited from multiple centers in China.Methods:Among the 527 patients who completed the study,196 received 5-FU-based chemotherapy and 331 received capecitabine-based chemotherapy as either first-line or adjuvant therapy.Adverse events were reported during the treatment and up to 28 days of follow-up.Outcome measures included ECG,myocardial enzymes,cardiac troponin,brain natriuretic peptide and echocardiography.Univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed for subgroup analysis and identification of significant independent variables that are associated with cardiotoxicity of both agents.Results:In total,161 of 527 patients(30.6%)experienced cardiotoxicity.The incidence rate of cardiotoxicity was 33.8%(112/331)in the capecitabine group,which was significantly higher than the rate of 25%(49/196)in the 5-FU group(P=0.0042).110/527 patients(20.9%)suffered arrhythmia,105/527(19.9%)developed ischemic changes,while only 20/527 patients(3.8%)presented heart failure and 6/527 patients(1.1%)had myocardial infarction.Pre-existing cardiac disease,hypertension,capecitabine-based chemotherapy and duration of treatment were identified as sig-nificant risk factors associated with cardiotoxicity.The odds ratio were 15.7(prior history of cardiac disease versus no history),1.86(capecitabine versus 5-FU),1.06(5-8 versus 1-4 chemotherapy cycles)and 1.58(hypertension versus no hypertension),respectively.Conclusions:Cardiotoxicity induced by fluoropyrimidines in the Chinese population may be underestimated in clini-cal practice.Close monitoring of patients is recommended,especially for those patients at high risk for cardiotoxicity.Possible risk factors are duration of treatment,capecitabine-based chemotherapy,pre-existing cardiac diseases and hypertension.Trial registration This study was initiated on January 22,2014 and has been retrospectively registered with the registra-tion number ChiCTR1800015434 . | Jianjun Peng Chao Dong Chang Wang Weihua Li Hao Yu Min Zhang Qun Zhao Bo Zhu Jun Zhang Wenliang Li Fenghua Wang Qiong Wu Wenhao Zhou Ying Yuan Meng Qiu Gong Chen | 2018 | Cancer Communications2018，38，1： | 23 |
| 8 | Overexpression of P53 and its risk factors in esophageal cancer in urban areas of Xi′an显示文摘OverexpressionofP53anditsriskfactorsinesophagealcancerinurbanareasofXi′anQIAOGuiBin1,HANChengLong2,JIANGRenChao1,SUNChang?.. | QIAO GuiBin1, HAN ChengLong2, JIANG RenChao1, SUN ChangSheng3, WANG Yan3 and WANG YunJie3 | 1998 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1998，4，1： | 21 |
| 9 | Wet and dry deposition fluxes of heavy metals in Pearl River Delta Region(China):Characteristics,ecological risk assessment,and source apportionment显示文摘The atmospheric deposition of heavy metals poses serious risks to the ecological system and human health. To advance our knowledge of atmospheric dry/wet heavy metal deposition in the PRD region, monthly fluxes were examined based on soluble/insoluble fractions of five heavy metal elements(Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn) in samples collected from January 2014 to December 2015 at Guangzhou(urban) and Dinghushan(suburban) sites. The ratios of wet/dry deposition fluxes indicated that heavy metal deposition was governed by wet deposition rather than dry deposition in the PRD region. Affected by the shifting of the Asian monsoon, wet deposition fluxes exhibited significant seasonal variation between summer monsoon seasons(April to September) and winter monsoon seasons(October to February) in this region. Cd was classified as an extremely strong potential ecological risk based on solubility and the Hakanson ecological risk index. Source contributions to wet deposition were calculated by PMF, suggesting that dust, biomass burning, industries,vehicles, long-range transport and marine aerosol sources in Guangzhou, and Zn fertilizers,marine aerosol sources, agriculture, incense burning, biomass burning, vehicles and the ceramics industry in Dinghushan, were the potential sources of heavy metals. | Lyumeng Ye Minjuan Huang Buqing Zhong Xuemei Wang Qiulan Tu Haoran Sun Chao Wang Luolin Wu Ming Chang | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，8： | 20 |
| 10 | Ionic liquid based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of aromatic amines in water samples显示文摘In this work,a new microextraction method termed ionic liquid based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction(IL-DLLME) was demonstrated for the extraction of 2-methylaniline,4-chloroaniline,1-naphthylamine and 4-aminobiphenyl in aqueous matrices.After extraction the ionic liquid(IL)phase was injected directly into the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) system for determination.Some parameters that might affect the extraction efficiency were optimized.Under the optimum conditions,good linear relationship,sensitivity and reproducibility were obtained.The limits of detection(LOD,S/N=3)for the four analytes were in the range of 0.45-2.6μg L^(-1).The relative standard deviations(R.S.D.,n=6)were in the range of 6.2-9.8%. This method was applied for the analysis of the real water samples.The recoveries ranged from 93.4 to 106.4%.The main advantages of the method are high speed,high recovery,good repeatability and volatile organic solvent-free. | Yun Chang Fan Zheng Liang Hu Mei Lan Chen Chao Shen Tu Yan Zhu | 2008 | Chinese Chemical Letters2008，19，8： | 13 |
| 11 | On-treatment monitoring of liver fibrosis with serum hepatitis B core-related antigen in chronic hepatitis B显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-invasive evaluation for liver fibrosis is clinically important,especially in patients with undetectable hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA treated with nucleoside analogs.AIM To clarify the monitoring power of hepatitis B core-related antigen(HBcrAg)for hepatic histologic changes in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)treated with entecavir.METHODS This prospective multicenter study used multiple ordinal and multivariate logistics regression analysis to assess variables associated with Ishak fibrosis score and regression for fibrosis regression,respectively,in 403 CHB patients,including 374 with entecavir for 72 weeks(291 underwent paired liver biopsy)and 29 as controls.RESULTS Level of HBcrAg correlated negatively with liver fibrosis staging(γ=-0.357,P<0.001)in hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive patients,and positively with liver fibrosis staging in HBeAg-negative patients.Higher HBcrAg concentration was associated with younger age,HBeAg positive status,high HBV DNA loads,high level of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and higher necroinflammation,but not with HBV genotype.Serum concentration of HBcrAg,basal core promoter/precore(BCP/PC)mutant,quantitation of HBsAg(qHBsAg)and platelet counts were independently associated with Ishak fibrosis score on multiple ordinal regression.HBV DNA was undetectable in 88.37%of patients treated with entecavir at week 72,while their level of HBcrAg was still detectable.A greater reduction in post-treatment HBcrAg concentration was associated with the regression of hepatic fibrosis and histological improvement.HBcrAg concentration>6.33 log IU/mL at baseline and logarithmic reduction>1.03 log IU/mL at week 72 were associated with a higher chance of regression of liver fibrosis and histological improvement,respectively.CONCLUSION HBcrAg level is associated with liver fibrosis progression.HBcrAg is an excellent monitor of hepatic histological changes,especially in CHB patients treated with nucleoside analogs. | Xiu-Juan Chang Chao Sun Yan Chen Xiao-Dong Li Zu-Jiang Yu Zheng Dong Wen-Lin Bai Xiao-Dong Wang Zhi-Qin Li Da Chen Wen-Juan Du Hao Liao Qi-Yu Jiang Li-Jun Sun Yin-Yin Li Cui-Hong Zhang Dong-Ping Xu Yong-Ping Chen Qin Li Yong-Ping Yang | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，32： | 12 |
| 12 | Effects of transplanted myoblasts transfected with human growth hormone gene on improvement of ventricular function of rats显示文摘背景:为心肌的修理的房间移植被早细胞死亡限制。有人的生长激素(hGH ) 的基因治疗被显示了在实验动物支持血管生成和 attenuate apoptosis。这研究被进行在心肌的梗塞以后在心功能恢复和血管生成上探索基于 myoblast 的 hGH 基因治疗的效果,并且比较基于 myoblast 的 hGH 基因治疗和成肌细胞治疗之间的差别。方法:Myoblasts 从几只 SD 老鼠被孤立,有教养,净化,并且有原生质标志 pLghGHSN 和 pLgGFPSN 的 transfected。放射性免疫测定(RIA ) 被用来在这些 myoblasts 检测 hGH 的表示。SD 老鼠经历了左前面的下降冠的动脉的结扎以便建立一个心局部缺血模型。在离开了冠的动脉吸藏以后,经历了结扎的三十幸存老鼠 2 个星期随机被划分成 3 个相等的组:pLghGHSN 组织感染 hGH 基因移植的收到的成肌细胞;pLgGFPSN 组织感染 GFP 基因移植的收到的成肌细胞;控制组织:仅仅收到了有教养的媒介。在注射以后的四个星期幸存老鼠由回响心动描记法经历了心脏的功能的评估。老鼠被打死,室的样品是有 hematoxylin 曙红和第八因子的经历的免疫组织化学。Cryosection 被萤光显微镜检查分析检验绿荧光灯的蛋白质的表示。反向的 transcriptase 聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR ) 被用来检验脉管的内皮生长因素(VEGF ) 的 mRNA 表示, bax 和 Bcl-2。在心肌层的 hGH 表示被西方的污点检验。结果:成肌细胞能成功地被孤立,有教养并且 transfected。在 transfected 成肌细胞的 hGH 的表示与 RIA 被表明。在治疗以后的四个星期,心脏的功能在 pLghGHSN 显著地被改进组和 pLgGFPSN 组。部分弄短(FS ) 并且在 pLghGHSN 组的喷射部分(EF ) 在治疗以后与 pLgGFPSN 组和控制组相比显著地被提高(FS:36.9+/-5.3 对 29.5+/-3.5, 21.8+/-2.9;EF:56.9+/-4.3 对 47.1+/-3.6, 38.4+/-4.8, P<0.05 ) 。左室的结束心脏舒张的尺寸(LVEDD ) 和在 pLghGHSN 组的心 infracted 尺寸在治疗以后与 pLgGFPSN 组和控制组相比显著地被减少(LVEDD:5.9+/-0.3 对 6.8+/-0.2, 8.6+/-0.3;心 infracted 尺寸:(34.5+/-4.2 )% 对(40.0+/-3.9 )% ,(46.1+/-3.8 )% , P<0.05 ) ;格林荧光在 pLgGFPSN 组的 cryosection 被检测。pLgGFPSN 组的毛状的密度比 pLghGHSN 组和控制组(P<0.05 ) 的那些显著地大。在 pLghGHSN 组的 VEGF 和 Bcl-2/bax 的 mRNA 表达式比在 pLgGFPSN 组或控制组(P<0.05 ) 高。在心肌层织物的 hGH 基因的表示能被西方的污点试金在 pLghGHSN 组检测。结论:有 hGH 的心房间 transfected 的移植与 GFP 比房间 transfected 的移植导致了 antiapoptosis 的更大的血管生成和效果。联合 GH 基因转移和房间移植为改进柱子梗塞提供了有效策略室的功能。 | RONG Shu-ling LU Yong-xin LIAO Yu-hua WANG Xiao-lin WANG Yong-jin CHANG Chao WANG Yu-qin LIU Qi-yun GAO Yan-zhang MI Shao-hua | 2008 | Chinese Medical Journal2008，，4： | 12 |
| 13 | Melatonin reduces acute lung inflammation, edema, and hemorrhage in heatstroke rats显示文摘瞄准: 在老鼠在导致热的尖锐的肺发炎和损害上估计 melatonin 的治疗学的效果。 | Wen-shiann WU Ming-ting CHOU Chien-ming CHAO Chen-kuei CHANG Mao-tsun LIN Ching-ping CHANG | 2012 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2012，33，6： | 11 |
| 14 | Covalently closed-circular hepatitis B virus DNA reduction with entecavir or lamivudine显示文摘AIM: To investigate the reduction in hepatitis B virus(HBV) covalently closed-circular DNA(ccc DNA) with entecavir(ETV) or lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This analysis included patients who had participated in the randomized Phase Ⅲ study ETV-022 comparing ETV vs LAM in nucleos(t)ide-naive, HBe Agpositive patients. Patients received ETV(0.5 mg daily) or LAM(100 mg daily) for a minimum of 52 wk. Patients were eligible to participate in this sub-study if they had paired biopsies at baseline and week 48 with evaluable measurements for hepatic HBV ccc DNA and total hepatic HBV DNA. The main objective was to compare changes in hepatic HBV ccc DNA and total hepatic HBV DNA at week 48 of ETV or LAM treatment, which was a secondary endpoint of study ETV-022. Additional post hoc analyses included linear regression analyses to assess associations of baseline levels and on-treatment changes of ccc DNA with other baseline factors [sex,age, serum HBV DNA, alanine aminotransferase(ALT), Knodell necroinflammatory score, Ishak fibrosis score, total hepatic HBV DNA, and HBV genotype], or ontreatment factors(changes from baseline at week 48 in serum HBV DNA, ALT, Knodell necroinflammatory score, Ishak fibrosis score, total hepatic HBV DNA, and HBe Ag loss at week 48).RESULTS: Overall, 305 patients(ETV = 159; LAM = 146) of ETV-022 had paired baseline and week 48 liver biopsies with evaluable measurements for hepatic HBV ccc DNA and total hepatic HBV DNA, and were included in this analysis. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics were comparable between the two arms. After 48 wk, ETV resulted in significantly greater reductions in hepatic HBV ccc DNA [-0.9 log10 copies/human genome equivalent(HGEq) vs-0.7 log10 copies/HGEq; P = 0.0033] and total hepatic DNA levels(-2.1 log10 copies/HGEq vs-1.6 log10 copies/HGEq; P < 0.0001) than LAM. Virologic, biochemical, and histologic response rates at week 48 were also greater with ETV than with LAM. Baseline HBV ccc DNA levels were positively associated with baseline levels of serum HBV DNA and total hepatic HBV DNA, and negatively associated with HBV genotype F. On-treatment changes in HBV ccc DNA levels were negatively associated with baseline levels of serum HBV DNA and baseline ALT, and were positively associated with on-treatment changes in the levels of serum HBV DNA, total hepatic HBV DNA levels, and ALT, change in Knodell necroinflammatory score, and HBe Ag loss.CONCLUSION: Forty-eight weeks of ETV resulted in greater reductions in ccc DNA and total hepatic HBV DNA than LAM, but long-term therapy may be needed for ccc DNA elimination. | Scott Bowden Stephen Locarnini Ting-Tsung Chang You-Chen Chao Kwang-Hyub Han Robert G Gish Robert A de Man Miao Yu Cyril Llamoso Hong Tang | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，15： | 11 |
| 15 | Surgical resection of duodenal lymphangiectasia: A case report显示文摘Intestinal lymphangiectasia, characterized by dilatation of intestinal lacteals, is rare. The major treatment for primary intestinal lymphangiectasia is dietary modification. Surgery to relieve symptoms and to clarify the etiology should be considered when medical treatment failed. This article reports a 49-year-old woman of solitary duodenal lymphangiectasia, who presented with epigastralgia and anemia. Her symptoms persisted with medical treatment.Surgery was finally performed to relieve the symptoms and to exclude the existence of underlying etiologies, with satisfactory effect. In conclusion, duodenal lymphangiectasia can present clinically as epigastralgia and chronic blood loss. Surgical resection may be resorted to relieve pain,control bleeding, and exclude underlying diseases in some patients. | Chih-Ping Chen Yee Chao Chung-Pin Li Wen-Ching Lo Chew-Wun Wu Shyh-Haw Tsay Rheun-Chuan Lee Full-Young Chang | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，12： | 11 |
| 16 | Analysis of a Propeller Wake Flow Field Using Viscous Fluid Mechanics显示文摘计算液体动力学(CFD ) 方法被用来数字地模仿一个推进器在开的水里弄醒流动地。一个子域混血儿网孔方法在这篇论文被采用。计算领域被分开成二子域,有四面的元素在内部领域在被使用匹配推进器的复杂几何学,当具有六面的元素在外部领域被使用时。网孔局部地在推进器表面上并且在 wake 流动域附近被精制,并且一个尺寸函数被用来控制格子的生长率。在不同轴的地点的节被用来学习推进器的空间进化在下游地从圆盘到一推进器直径(D) 的区域醒来。数字结果证明轴的速度沿着 wake 流动波动;光线的速度,它是仔细与旋涡有关,强烈稀释。后面的旋涡在落后于边的片与尖端旋涡交往然后分开。旋涡的力量很快缩小,并且半径减少 20% 在一条直径下游。 | Miao He Chao Wang Xin Chang Sheng Huang | 2012 | Journal of Marine Science and Application2012，11，3： | 10 |
| 17 | Parameters inversion of high central core rockfill dams based on a novel genetic algorithm显示文摘Parameters identification of rockfill materials is a crucial issue for high rockfill dams. Because of the scale effect, random sampling and sample disturbance, it is difficult to obtain the actual mechanical properties of rockfill from laboratory tests. Parameters inversion based on in situ monitoring data has been proven to be an efficient method for identifying the exact parameters of the rockfill. In this paper, we propose a modified genetic algorithm to solve the high-dimension multimodal and nonlinear optimal parameters inversion problem. A novel crossover operator based on the sum of differences in gene fragments(So DX) is proposed, inspired by the cloning of superior genes in genetic engineering. The crossover points are selected according to the difference in the gene fragments, defining the adaptive length. The crossover operator increases the speed and accuracy of algorithm convergence by reducing the inbreeding and enhancing the global search capability of the genetic algorithm. This algorithm is compared with two existing crossover operators. The modified genetic algorithm is then used in combination with radial basis function neural networks(RBFNN) to perform the parameters back analysis of a high central earth core rockfill dam. The settlements simulated using the identified parameters show good agreement with the monitoring data, illustrating that the back analysis is reasonable and accurate. The proposed genetic algorithm has considerable superiority for nonlinear multimodal parameter identification problems. | ZHOU Wei LI Shao Lin MA Gang CHANG Xiao Lin MA Xing ZHANG Chao | 2016 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2016，59，5： | 10 |
| 18 | Effects of recombinant retroviral vector mediated human insulin like growth factor-1 gene transfection on skeletal muscle growth in rat显示文摘Background This study transferred a recombinant gene encoding human insulin like growth factor-1 (hIGF-1) into modified primary skeletal myoblasts with a retroviral vector (pLgXSN ) and determined whether the hIGF-1 promoted growth of skeletal muscle in rat. Methods hIGF-1cDNA was amplified in vitro from normal human liver cells by using RT-PCR and cloned into plasmid vector pLgXSN. The recombinant vector pLghIGF-1SN and control vector pLgGFPSN were transfected into packaging cell PT67 and G418 was used to select positive colony. Myoblasts were infected with a high titre viral supernatant and transduction efficiency was evaluated as GFP expression. The expression of hIGF-1 mRNA in myoblasts was investigated by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. MTT assays detected the growth of myoblasts in vitro. Myoblasts transduced with pLghIGF-1SN were injected into hind limb muscles of 10-12 week male SD rats. Formed tissues were harvested 4 weeks later. Myocyte diameter, mean weight of hind limb and body were measured to evaluate the skeletal muscle growth. Results Recombinant retroviral plasmid vector pLghIGF-1SN was constructed successfully. The titre of the packaged recombinant retrovirus was 1×106 cfu/ml. The transfection rate of PT67 cells reached 100% after G418 screening. hIGF-1 expression was positive in myoblast-IGF-1. The proliferation rate of myoblast-IGF-1 in vitro was higher than GFP-myoblast or myoblast (P< 0.05). The mean weights of hind limb and body of rats injected myoblast-IGF-1 were higher than those of the rats injected with myoblast-GFP or myoblast (P< 0.05). Myocyte diameter had a significant increase in IGF-1 group compared to GFP group and myoblast group (P< 0.05). Conclusions The transfection of the human IGF-1 gene mediated by a retroviral vector can promote the growth of skeletal muscle in rats. Genetically modified primary skeletal myoblasts provide a possibly effective approach to treat some skeletal muscle diseases. | RONG Shu-Ling LU Yong-Xin LIAO Yu-Hua WANG Xiao-Lin GUO He-Ping CHANG Chao GAO Yan-Zhang MI Shao-Hua Wan Jian-Ping | 2006 | Chinese Medical Journal2006，，23： | 10 |
| 19 | A 2.5D finite element approach for predicting ground vibrations generated by vertical track irregularities显示文摘Dynamic responses of track structure and wave propagation in nearby ground vibration become significant when train operates on high speeds.A train-track-ground dynamic interaction analysis model based on the 2.5D finite element method is developed for the prediction of ground vibrations due to vertical track irregularities.The one-quarter car model is used to represent the train as lumped masses connected by springs.The embankment and the underlying ground are modeled by the 2.5D finite element approach to improve the computation efficiency.The Fourier transform is applied in the direction of train's movement to express the wave motion with a wave-number.The one-quarter car model is coupled into the global stiffness matrix describing the track-ground dynamic system with the displacement compatibility condition at the wheel-rail interface,including the irregularities on the track surface.Dynamic responses of the track and ground due to train's moving loads are obtained in the wave-number domain by solving the governing equation,using a conventional finite element procedure.The amplitude and wavelength are identified as two major parameters describing track irregularities.The irregularity amplitude has a direct impact on the vertical response for low-speed trains,both for short wavelength and long wavelength irregularities.Track irregularity with shorter wavelength can generate stronger track vibration both for low-speed and high-speed cases.For low-speed case,vibrations induced by track irregularities dominate far field responses.For high-speed case,the wavelength of track irregularities has very little effect on ground vibration at distances far from track center,and train's wheel axle weights becomes dominant. | Xue-cheng BIAN Chang CHAO Wan-feng JIN Yun-min CHEN | 2011 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)2011，12，12： | 10 |
| 20 | Effect of moxa-burning heat stimulating Liangmen(ST 21) and Zusanli(ST 36) on proliferation and apoptosis signaling proteins in rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of moxa-burning heat stimulating acupoints of Liangmen(ST 21)and Zusanli(ST 36) on the proliferation and apoptosis signaling proteins in rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer.METHODS: Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: negative control(NC), ulcer control(UC), acupoints of stomach meridian(ASM), and acupoints control(AC). The acute gastric ulcer model was established by bound and water immersion.Rats in NC and UC groups didn't receive any moxa-burning heat stimulating treatment, while rats in ASM and AC groups were treated with buringmoxa heat stimulating the acupoints of Liangmen(ST 21) and Zusanli(ST 36) and their controlled points, respectively. Rats in all groups were sacrificed after 12 consecutive days treatment. The ulcer index was evaluated by using Guth's method.The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), apoptotic protease activating facter-1(Apaf-1), Caspase-3, p21 activated kinase 1(PAK1),extracellular regulated protein kinases 2(ERK2),phosphorylated ERK2(p ERK2), phosphoinositide3-kinase(PI3K) and RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase(Akt) in gastric mucosa was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS: Compared with UC group, the ulcer index of ASM and AC groups decreased, and the injured gastric mucosa was improved, the expression of TNF-α, Apaf-1 and Caspase-3 in gastric mucosa was significantly reduced(P < 0.05), while the ex-pression of PAK1, ERK2, p ERK2, PI3 K and Akt in gastric mucosa was significantly increased(P < 0.05).And ASM showed better effect than AC group(P <0.05).CONCLUSION: Moxa-burning Heat stimulating of Liangmen(ST 21) and Zusanli(ST 36) could promote the recovery of gastric mucosal lesion probably by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation in stress-induced gastric ulcer. | Peng Li Wang Yadong Chang Xiaorong Wu Huangan Liu Mi Ma Fuqiang Wang Hong Chen Jiaolong Wang Chao Quan Renfu Yang Zongbao | 2016 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2016，36，3： | 9 |
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