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| 1 | 2019新型冠状病毒基因组特征和流行病学:病毒起源和受体结合的意义显示文摘研究者对来自9例新型冠状病毒肺炎住院患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液样本和培养的分离株进行了下一代测序。从这些个体中获得了严重急性呼吸综合征-冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)的完整和部分基因组序列。利用Sanger测序连接病毒重叠群以获得全长基因组,cDNA末端快速扩增确定终端区。对这些SARSCoV-2基因组和其他冠状病毒基因组进行了系统进化分析,以确定该病毒的进化史并有助于推断其可能的起源。 | 刘青(译) 刘莉(审校) Lu R Zhao X Li J Niu P Yang B Wu H Wang W Song H Huang B Zhu N Bi Y Ma X Zhan F Wang L Hu T Zhou H Hu Z Zhou W Zhao L Chen J Meng Y Wang J Lin Y Yuan J Xie Z Ma J Liu WJ Wang D Xu W Holmes EC Gao GF Wu G Chen W Shi W Tan W | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，3： | 516 |
| 2 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 3 | 一项中断时间序列研究与集群随机试验:减少耐药细菌在重症监护室中定植和传播的干预措施显示文摘背景 重症监护室(ICU)是耐药细菌传播的高危科室,在设置标准预防措施时缺乏对"全面筛查和隔离携带或感染耐药细菌者"效果评估的对照研究,本研究评估此干预措施对减少ICU中耐药细菌的定植与传播的效果. | 曾翠 吴安华 Derde L P G Cooper B S Goossens H | 2014 | 中国感染控制杂志2014，13，1： | 23 |
| 4 | 南海红树林内生真菌1356#代谢产物的研究显示文摘从南海红树林内生真菌1356#分离出两种鞘胺醇(A,B)和三种环二肽(C,D,E)?它们的结构通过IR,MS,1D NMR和2D NMR谱推导出来?(3'E,4E)-1-(-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3-羟基-2-(2'-羟基十八碳酰基)氨基-10-甲基-3',4,9-十八碳三烯(A)是一种新的鞘胺醇甙? | 吴雄宇 林永成 冯爽 姜广策 周世宁 Vrijmoed L L P Jones E B G | 2001 | 热带海洋学报2001，20，4： | 17 |
| 5 | 酒精摄入、心脏生物标志物和心房颤动风险与不良结局显示文摘酒精摄入和新发心房颤动相关性证据不一,尤其是在低剂量下。该研究评估欧洲队列在整个饮酒范围内酒精摄入、生物标志物和新发心房颤动的关系。方法和结果:在一个以社区为基础的汇集队列中,研究者随访107845人,以评估酒精摄入(酒精种类和饮酒方式)与新发心房颤动的关系。研究者收集经典心血管病危险因素和新发心力衰竭的信息,并检测生物标记物氨基末端脑钠肽前体和高敏肌钙蛋白I。 | 陈嘉睿(译) 练桂丽((审校) Csengeri D Sprünker NA Di Castelnuovo A Niiranen T Vishram-Nielsen JK Costanzo S S derberg S Jensen SM Vartiainen E Donati MB Magnussen C Camen S Gianfagna F L chen ML Kee F Kontto J Mathiesen EB Koenig W Stefan B de Gaetano G J rgensen T Kuulasmaa K Zeller T Salomaa V Iacoviello L Schnabel RB | 2021 | 中华高血压杂志2021，29，2： | 9 |
| 6 | 伴有胞质嗜酸性和空泡变特征的散发性肾癌细胞癌亚型具有TSC2或MTOR的体细胞突变显示文摘呈实性或巢状结构、胞质嗜酸性的肾细胞肿瘤的鉴别诊断非常复杂,尽管这类组织形态学肿瘤的分类有了新进展,但仍有一部分肿瘤无法(未)分类。作者对先前未分类的肾细胞肿瘤进行回顾性分析,找出一组形态主要为巢状结构,胞质嗜酸性且有显著空泡特征的散发性肾细胞癌病例,对这些病例的临床病理及免疫组化特征进行研究,并采用二代测序分析其体细胞突变和拷贝数改变。该组患者7例,平均年龄54岁(范围40~68岁),男女比3 ∶ 4。所有患者均表现为孤立性肾脏肿块,无综合征相关医学或家族史。肿瘤界限尚清楚、无包膜,由嗜酸性细胞巢和细胞少且水肿的间质组成。肿瘤细胞核圆形,核仁明显,胞质颗粒状伴明显空泡化。常可见厚壁血管和钙化,未见核分裂、坏死和泡沫样组织细胞或淋巴细胞浸润。 | Chen Y B Mrsadraei L Jayakumaran G | 2019 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2019，35，5： | 9 |
| 7 | Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation products:effect of pinealectomy or exogenous melatonin injections on biomarkers of tissue damage during acute pancreatitis显示文摘BACKGROUND:Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytripta-mine) is a free radical scavenger and a strong antioxidant,secreted by the pineal gland.In this study,we evaluated the effects of decreasing and increasing serum melatonin levels on malonyldialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD),and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in pancreatic tissue from rats with experimental acute pancreatitis.METHODS:Experimental acute pancreatitis was induced in three groups of Wistar albino rats (10 animals per group) by pancreatic ductal ligation.The first group had only acute pancreatitis and served as the control.Surgical pinealectomy was added to acute pancreatitis in the second group,removing the source of endogenous melatonin (low melatonin levels group).The third group was given 0.1 ml daily intraperitoneal injections of 20 mg/ml melatonin solution for one week (high melatonin levels group).The effects of melatonin levels were evaluated by comparison of the levels of MDA,SOD,and GS in pancreatic tissue.RESULT:We found that intraperitoneal melatonin injections decreased the levels of MDA and increased the levels of SOD and GSH in pancreatic tissue.CONCLUSION:Exogenous melatonin has a preventive effect on lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage in acute pancreatitis. | Cavit l Kahraman Dinler O■uz Hasdemir Oktay Büyüka■ik Güler Bu■dayci | 2010 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2010，9，1： | 7 |
| 8 | Burden of Clostridium difficile infection between 2010 and 2013:Trends and outcomes from an academic center in Eastern Europe显示文摘AIM:To analyze the incidence and possible risk factors in hospitalized patients treated with Clostridium difficile infection(CDI).METHODS:A total of 11751 patients were admitted to our clinic between 1 January 2010 and 1 May2013.Two hundred and forty-seven inpatients were prospectively diagnosed with CDI.For the risk analysis a 1:3 matching was used.Data of 732 patients matched for age,sex,and inpatient care period and unit were compared to those of the CDI population.Inpatient records were collected from an electronic hospital database and comprehensively reviewed.RESULTS:Incidence of CDI was 21.0/1000 admissions(2.1%of all-cause hospitalizations and 4.45%of total inpatient days).The incidence of severe CDI was 12.6%(2.63/1000 of all-cause hospitalizations).Distribution of CDI cases was different according to the unit type,with highest incidence rates in hematology,gastroenterology and nephrology units(32.9,25 and24.6/1000 admissions,respectively) and lowest rates in 1.4%(33/2312) in endocrinology and general internal medicine(14.2 and 16.9/1000 admissions)units.Recurrence of CDI was 11.3%within 12 wk after discharge.Duration of hospital stay was longer in patients with CDI compared to controls(17.6 ± 10.8d vs 12.4 ± 7.71 d).CDI accounted for 6.3%of allinpatient deaths,and 30-d mortality rate was 21.9%(54/247 cases).Risk factors for CDI were antibiotic therapy[including third-generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones,odds ratio(OR) = 4.559;P < 0.001],use of proton pump inhibitors(OR = 2.082,P< 0.001),previous hospitaiization within 12 mo(OR = 3.167,P < 0.001),previous CDI(OR = 15.32;P < 0.001),while presence of diabetes mellitus was associated with a decreased risk for CDI(OR = 0.484;P< 0.001).Treatment of recurrent cases was significantly different from primary infections with more frequent use of vancomycin alone or in combination(P < 0.001),and antibiotic therapy duration was longer(P < 0.02).Severity,mortality and outcome of primary infections and relapsing cases did not significantly differ.CONCLUSION:CDI was accounted for significant burden with longer hospitaiization and adverse outcomes.Antibiotic,PPI therapy and previous hospitaiization or CDI were risk factors for CDI. | Zsuzsanna Kurti Barbara D Lovasz Michael D Mandel Zoltan Csima Petra A Golovics Bence D Csako Anna Mohas Lorant Gnczi Krisztina B Gecse Lajos S Kiss Miklos Szathmari Peter L Lakatos | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，21： | 6 |
| 9 | 利用萤光染色跟踪水份在润麦时进入小麦颗粒的路径显示文摘本文映示了小麦润麦过程中水分在小麦颗粒中扩散的路径 .通过将杜伦麦、软麦在含有萤光试剂的溶液中浸泡 1 2 ,2 4 ,48h之后 ,萤光切片图像显示出色剂 .首先是通过麦胚进入麦粒 ,再由珠心层传送到麦粒的另一端 ,同时由糊粉层进入到胚乳 .色剂沿背部一侧传送要比腹沟一侧快 .皮部吸水速度快 ,而种皮有抵制水份进入胚乳的作用 .从微观观测看出 ,细胞壁 (膜 )的三维网状结构形成了水份传送的渠道 .色剂在细胞壁里的运动是毛细作用 ,而在胚乳细胞内的运动则是渗透作用 .色剂在细胞壁里的运动要快于在胚乳细胞内的运动 .色剂在杜伦麦 (硬麦 )及软麦里的运动模式是相同的 。 | 时予新 G A Hareland B L D'Appolonia | 2001 | 郑州工程学院学报2001，22，2： | 5 |
| 10 | Contribution of functional KIR3DL1 to ankylosing spondylitis显示文摘Increasing evidence points to a role for killer immunoglobulin-like receptors(KIRs)in the development of autoimmune diseases.In particular,a positive association of KIR3DS1(activating receptor)and a negative association of KIR3DL1(inhibitory receptor)alleles with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)have been reported by several groups.However,none of the studies analyzed these associations in the context of functionality of polymorphic KIR3DL1.To better understand how the KIR3DL1/3DS1 genes determine susceptibility to AS,we analyzed the frequencies of alleles and genotypes encoding functional(KIR3DL1*F)and non-functional(KIR3DL1*004)receptors.We genotyped 83 AS patients and 107 human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-B27-positive healthy controls from the Russian Caucasian population using a two-stage sequence-specific primer PCR,which distinguishes KIR3DS1,KIR3DL1*F and KIR3DL1*004 alleles.For the patients carrying two functional KIR3DL1 alleles,those alleles were additionally genotyped to identify KIR3DL1*005 and KIR3DL1*007 alleles,which are functional but are expressed at low levels.KIR3DL1 was negatively associated with AS at the expense of KIR3DL1*F but not of KIR3DL1*004.This finding indicates that the inhibitory KIR3DL1 receptor protects against the development of AS and is not simply a passive counterpart of the segregating KIR3DS1 allele encoding the activating receptor.However,analysis of genotype frequencies indicates that the presence of KIR3DS1 is a more important factor for AS susceptibility than the absence of KIR3DL1*F.The activation of either natural killer(NK)or T cells via the KIR3DS1 receptor can be one of the critical events in AS development,while the presence of the functional KIR3DL1 receptor has a protective effect.Nevertheless,even individuals with a genotype that carried two inhibitory KIR3DL1 alleles expressed at high levels could develop AS. | Ivan V Zvyagin Ilgar Z Mamedov Olga V Britanova Dmitriy B Staroverov Evgeni L Nasonov Anna G Bochkova Anna V Chkalina Alexei A Kotlobay Dmitriy O Korostin Denis V Rebrikov Sergey Lukyanov Yuri B Lebedev Dmitriy M Chudakov | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，6： | 5 |
| 11 | 健康领域的文化能力显示文摘1背景
尽管人类对其他社会的兴趣纵贯历史的各个阶段,但是检验不同文化概念对人类健康实践的影响从20世纪才开始,当时是伴随着长期的人类学田野调查产生的,这些田野调查揭露了不同文化之间相关卫生实践的多样性、复杂性和连续性。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese j Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Home R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams AC Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，2： | 5 |
| 12 | Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the colonic mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM:To investigate intestinal alkaline phosphatase(iAP) in the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS:Colonic biopsy samples were taken from 15 newly diagnosed IBD patients and from 10 healthy controls.In IBD patients,specimens were obtainedboth from inflamed and non-inflamed areas.The iAP mRNA and protein expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis,respectively.Tissue localization of iAP and Toll-like receptor(TLR) 4 was investigated by immunofluorescent staining.RESULTS:The iAP protein level in the inflamed mucosa of children with Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) was significantly decreased when compared with controls(both P < 0.05).Similarly,we found a significantly decreased level of iAP protein in the inflamed mucosa in CD compared with non-inflamed mucosa in CD(P < 0.05).In addition,the iAP protein level in inflamed colonic mucosa in patients with UC was decreased compared with non-inflamed mucosa in patients with CD(P < 0.05).iAP protein levels in the non-inflamed mucosa of patients with CD were similar to controls.iAP mRNA expression in inflamed colonic mucosa of children with CD and UC was not significantly different from that in non-inflamed colonic mucosa with CD.Expression of iAP mRNA in patients with noninflamed mucosa and in controls were similar.Co-localization of iAP with TLR4 showed intense staining with a dotted-like pattern.iAP was present in the inflamed and non-inflamed mucosa of patients with CD,UC,and in control biopsy specimens,irrespective of whether it was present in the terminal ileum or in the colon.However,the fluorescent signal of TLR4 was more pronounced in the colon compared with the terminal ileum in all groups studied.CONCLUSION:Lower than normal iAP protein levels in inflamed mucosa of IBD patients may indicate a role for iAP in inflammatory lesions in IBD.Based on our results,administration of exogenous iAP enzyme to patients with the active form of IBD may be a therapeutic option. | Kriszta Molnár dám Vannay Beáta Szebeni Nóra Fanni Bánki Erna Sziksz ron Cseh Hajnalka Gyrffy Péter László Lakatos Mária Papp András Arató Gábor Veres | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，25： | 5 |
| 13 | 硫酸溶液中1,1′-硫代羰基二咪唑在碳钢上的吸附及缓蚀影响和碘离子的增强效应(英文)显示文摘The inhibition effect of 1,1′-thiocarbonyldiimidazole (TCDI) on the corrosion behaviors of mild steel (MS) in 0.5 mol·L-1 H2SO4 solution was studied with the help of potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear polarization resistance (LPR) techniques. The effect of immersion time on the inhibition effect of TCDI was also investigated over 72 h. For the long-term tests, hydrogen evolution with immersion time (VH2-t) was measured in addition to the three techniques already mentioned. The thermodynamic parameters, such as adsorption equilibrium constant (Kads) and adsorption free energy (△Gads) values, were calculated and discussed. To clarify inhibition mechanism, the synergistic effect of iodide ion was also investigated. The potential of zero charge (PZC) of the MS was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method, and a mechanism of adsorption process was proposed. It was demonstrated that inhibition efficiency increased with the increase in TCDI concentration and synergistically increased in the presence of KI. The inhibition efficiency was discussed in terms of adsorption of inhibitor molecules on the metal surface and protective film formation. | SOLMAZ R MERT M. E KARDA■ G YAZICI B ERBL M | 2008 | 物理化学学报2008，24，7： | 4 |
| 14 | 持续气道正压通气在预防阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者心血管事件中的作用显示文摘阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea,OSA)导致阵发性低氧血症,夜间交感神经系统激活,血压、氧化应激和炎症指标的升高以及高凝血症。较大的胸内负压波动也会给心脏和大血管施加机械应力。基于人群和睡眠诊所的队列研究显示,OSA与心脑血管事件,特别是脑卒中相关。 | McEvoy RD Antic NA Heeley E Luo Y Ou Q Zhang X Mediano O Chen R Drager LF Liu Z Chen G Du B McArdle N Mukherjee S Tripathi M Billot L Li Q Lorenzi-Filho G Barbe F Redline S Wang J Arima H Neal B White DP Grunstein RR Zhong N Anderson CS 练桂丽 叶鹏 | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，11： | 4 |
| 15 | 南瓜种质资源遗传变异、遗传力和遗传进度研究显示文摘对南瓜3个主要栽培种基因型遗传变异性、遗传力和遗传进度进行分析和评价。方差分析结果表明,所研究的所有性状在基因型间差异显著。调查结果显示,所有性状中表型变异系数高于基因型变异系数,表明这些性状的表达受环境调控的影响。其中90天蔓长、果腔大小、单果种粒数、果皮厚度和单蔓结果数的遗传变异系数及表型变异系数最高。遗传力概括估计,果腔最高(84.80%),其次是节间长度(76.90%)和每hm2果实产量(73.60%)。果腔性状遗传进度最高(百分数平均值)。分析结果表明,所有性状的遗传进度变异范围较大(3.44%~72.32%)。因此,可以选择具有优良遗传特征的、具有较高遗传距离的优良基因型选择杂交方案,并识别不同性状的最佳基因,以培育南瓜新的优良杂交品种。 | Mekala Srikanth Bharad S G Thulasiram L B Potdukhe N R 张桂兰(编译) | 2018 | 中国瓜菜2018，31，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Guidelines and Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) - Update 2008显示文摘 | M Claudon D Cosgrove T Albrecht L Bolondi M Bosio F Calliada J.-M Correas K Darge C Dietrich M D’Onofrio D Evans C Filice L Greiner K J?ger N Jong E Leen R Lencioni D Lindsell A Martegani S Meairs C Nols?e F Piscaglia P Ricci G Seidel B Skjoldbye L Solbia | 2008 | Ultraschall in Med2008，，01： | 4 |
| 17 | 高热致胚胎发育毒性机理的研究——热休克蛋白合成显示文摘按Kimmel实验条件热暴露孕10天大鼠。暴露后2小时取胚胎用^(35)S—蛋氨酸标记,SDS—PAGE蛋白分析,可见70和90KilodaltonKD热休克蛋白合成增加。70KD HSP合成用Westernblot分析又进一步得到证实。离体培养胚胎热暴露后,用同样方法分析蛋白,证实70和90KD HSPs合成增加。结果与Kimmel骨骼畸形和胚胎体节融合发生率相符合。本结果为German提出的环境致畸机理假说提供了依据。 | 芦春林 C A Kimmel G L Kimmel D J Heredia B R Fisher N T Brown | 1993 | 北京医科大学学报1993，25，6： | 4 |
| 18 | Alleviated mucosal and neuronal damage in a rat model of Crohn's disease显示文摘AIM:To establish a rat model suitable to investigate the repetitive relapsing inflammations(RRI)characteristic to Crohn’s disease.METHODS:Colitis was induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS).RRI were mimicked by repeating administrations of TNBS.Tissue samples were taken from control,once,twice and three times treated rats from the inflamed and adjacent non-inflamed colonic segments at different timepoints during the acute intestinal inflammation.The means of the ulcerated area were measured to evaluate the macroscopic mu-cosal damage.The density of myenteric neurons was determined on whole mounts by Hu C/Hu D immunohistochemistry.Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)expression was evaluated by molecular biological techniques.RESULTS:TNBS-treated rats displayed severe colitis,but the mortality was negligible,and an increase of body weight was characteristic throughout the experimental period.The widespread loss of myenteric neurons,and marked but transient HO-1 up-regulation were demonstrated after the first TNBS administration.After repeated doses the length of the recovery time and extent of the ulcerous colonic segments were markedly decreased,and the neuronal loss was on a smaller scale and was limited to the inflamed area.HO-1 m RNA level was notably greater than after a single dose and overexpression was sustained throughout the timepoints examined.Nevertheless,the HO-1protein up-regulation after the second TNBS treatment proved to be transient.Following the third treatment HO-1 protein expression could not be detected.CONCLUSION:Experimentally provoked RRI may exert a protective preconditioning effect against the mucosal and neuronal damage.The persistent up-regulation of HO-1 m RNA expression may correlate with this. | Petra Talapka Lajos István Nagy Alexandra Pál Marietta Zita Poles Anikó Berkó Mária Bagyánszki László Géza Puskás éva Fekete Nikolett Bódi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，44： | 3 |
| 19 | Guidelines and Good Clinical Practice Recommendations for Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) - Update 2008显示文摘 | M Claudon D Cosgrove T Albrecht L Bolondi M Bosio F Calliada J.-M Correas K Darge C Dietrich M D'Onofrio D Evans C Filice L Greiner K J?ger N Jong E Leen R Lencioni D Lindsell A Martegani S Meairs C Nols?e F Piscaglia P Ricci G Seidel B Skjoldbye L Solbia | 2008 | Ultraschall in Med2008，，01： | 3 |
| 20 | Sentinel-lymph-node resection compared with conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with breast cancer: overall survival findings from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Joseph P Costantino Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Eleftherios P Mamounas Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Norman Wolmark | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，10： | 3 |
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