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| 1 | The molecular machinery of regulated cell death显示文摘Cells may die from accidental cell death(ACD)or regulated cell death(RCD).ACD is a biologically uncontrolled process,whereas RCD involves tightly structured signaling cascades and molecularly defined effector mechanisms.A growing number of novel nonapoptotic forms of RCD have been identified and are increasingly being implicated in various human pathologies.Here,we critically review the current state of the art regarding non-apoptotic types of RCD,including necroptosis,pyroptosis,ferroptosis,entotic cell death,netotic cell death,parthanatos,lysosome-dependent cell death,autophagy-dependent cell death,alkaliptosis and oxeiptosis.The in-depth comprehension of each of these lethal subroutines and their intercellular consequences may uncover novel therapeutic targets for the avoidanee of pathogenic cell loss. | Daolin Tang Rui Kang Tom Vanden Berghe Peter Vandenabeele Guido Kroemer | 2019 | Cell Research2019，29，5： | 143 |
| 2 | Ferroptosis:molecular mechanisms and health implications显示文摘Cell death can be executed through different subroutines.Since the description of ferroptosis as an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death in 2012,there has been mounting interest in the process and function of ferroptosis.Ferroptosis can occur through two major pathways,the extrinsic or transporter-dependent pathway and the intrinsic or enzyme-regulated pathway.Ferroptosis is caused by a redox imbalance between the production of oxidants and antioxidants,which is driven by the abnormal expression and activity of multiple redox-active enzymes that produce or detoxify free radicals and lipid oxidation products.Accordingly,ferroptosis is precisely regulated at multiple levels,including epigenetic,transcriptional,posttranscriptional and posttranslational layers.The transcription factor NFE2L2 plays a central role in upregulating anti-ferroptotic defense,whereas selective autophagy may promote ferroptotic death.Here,we review current knowledge on the integrated molecular machinery of ferroptosis and describe how dysregulated ferroptosis is involved in cancer,neurodegeneration,tissue injury,inflammation,and infection. | Daolin Tang Xin Chen Rui Kang Guido Kroemer | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，2： | 182 |
| 3 | RNA-seq analysis of prostate cancer in the Chinese population identifies recurrent gene fusions, cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs and aberrant alternative splicings显示文摘在有前列腺癌症的不同赛跑的病人之中有显著不同;然而,位于这差别下面的机制仍然保持不清楚。这里,我们在场 transcriptome 的一处全面风景用 RNA-seq,越过关于基因熔化的前列腺癌症 transcriptomes 的揭示巨大的差异,长 noncoding RNA (长 ncRNA ) ,其他的拼接和体的变化从中国人口 14 主要前列腺癌症和他们的配对的正常对应物介绍。14 个肿瘤(21.4%) 中的三个在中国病人怀有 TMPRSS2 尔格熔化,和这熔化的低流行进一步在一个另外的肿瘤集合(10/54=18.5%) 被证实。尤其是,二新奇基因熔化, CTAGE5-KHDRBS3 (20/54=37%) 和 USP9Y-TTTY15 (19/54=35.2%) ,在我们的耐心的队经常发生了。介绍的进一步系统的 transcriptional 识别了是在肿瘤表示的差别的众多的长 ncRNAs。在长 ncRNA 和基因的表示之间的关联的分析建议长 ncRNAs 可以在 transcriptional 规定以外有功能。这研究在中国人口产出新卓见进前列腺癌症的致病。 | Shancheng Ren Zhiyu Peng Jian-Hua Mao Yongwei Yu Changjun Yin Xin Gao Zilian Cui Jibin Zhang Kang Yi Weidong Xu Chao Chen Fubo Wang Xinwu Guo Ji Lu Jun Yang Min Wei Zhijian Tian Yinghui Guan Liang Tang Chuanliang Xu Linhui Wang Xu Gao Wei Tian Jian Wang Huanming Yang Jun Wang Yinghao Sun | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，5： | 66 |
| 4 | Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality显示文摘Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink(referred to as terrestrial C sink) is an important way to slow down the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration and to achieve carbon neutrality target.To better understand the characteristics of terrestrial C sinks and their contribution to carbon neutrality,this review summarizes major progress in terrestrial C budget researches during the past decades,clarifies spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial C sources and sinks in China and around the world,and examines the role of terrestrial C sinks in achieving carbon neutrality target.According to recent studies,the global terrestrial C sink has been increasing from a source of (-0.2±0.9) Pg C yr^(-1)(1 Pg=1015g)in the 1960s to a sink of (1.9±1.1) Pg C yr^(-1) in the 2010s.By synthesizing the published data,we estimate terrestrial C sink of 0.20–0.25 Pg C yr^(-1) in China during the past decades,and predict it to be 0.15–0.52 Pg C yr^(-1) by 2060.The terrestrial C sinks are mainly located in the mid-and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,while tropical regions act as a weak C sink or source.The C balance differs much among ecosystem types:forest is the major C sink;shrubland,wetland and farmland soil act as C sinks;and whether the grassland functions as C sink or source remains unclear.Desert might be a C sink,but the magnitude and the associated mechanisms are still controversial.Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,nitrogen deposition,climate change,and land cover change are the main drivers of terrestrial C sinks,while other factors such as fires and aerosols would also affect ecosystem C balance.The driving factors of terrestrial C sink differ among regions.Elevated CO_(2) concentration and climate change are major drivers of the C sinks in North America and Europe,while afforestation and ecological restoration are additionally important forcing factors of terrestrial C sinks in China.For future studies,we recommend the necessity for intensive and long-term ecosystem C monitoring over broad geographic scale to improve terrestrial biosphere models for accurately evaluating terrestrial C budget and its dynamics under various climate change and policy scenarios. | Yuanhe Yang Yue Shi Wenjuan Sun Jinfeng Chang Jianxiao Zhu Leiyi Chen Xin Wang Yanpei Guo Hongtu Zhang Lingfei Yu Shuqing Zhao Kang Xu Jiangling Zhu Haihua Shen Yuanyuan Wang Yunfeng Peng Xia Zhao Xiangping Wang Huifeng Hu Shiping Chen Mei Huang Xuefa Wen Shaopeng Wang Biao Zhu Shuli Niu Zhiyao Tang Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，5： | 32 |
| 5 | Interferon-Gamma Release Assay is Not Appropriate for the Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis in High-Burden Tuberculosis Settings: A Retrospective Multicenter Investigation显示文摘 | Wan-Li Kang Gui-Rong Wang Mei-Ying Wu Kun-Yun Yang Er-Tai A Shu-Cai Wu Shu-Jun Geng Zhi-Hui Li Ming-Wu Li Liang Li Shen-Jie Tang | 2018 | Chinese Medical Journal2018，，3： | 30 |
| 6 | Herbal prescription Chang'an Ⅱ repairs intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with post-inflammation irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘 | Feng-yun WANG Min SU Yong-qiu ZHENG Xiao-ge WANG Nan KANG Ting CHEN En-lin ZHU Zhao-xiang BIAN Xu-dong TANG | 2015 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2015，36，6： | 28 |
| 7 | Scutellaria barbate extract induces apoptosis of hepatoma H22 cells via the mitochondrial pathway involving caspase-3显示文摘AIM: To study the growth inhibitory and apoptotic effects of Scutellaria barbata D.Don (S. barbata) and to determine the underlying mechanism of its antitumor activity in mouse liver cancer cell line H22. METHODS: Proliferation of H22 cells was examined by MTT assay. Cellular morphology of PC-2 cells was observed under fluorescence microscope and transmission electron microscope (EM). Mitochondrial transmembrane potential was determined under laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) with rhodamine 123 staining. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle of H22 cells with propidium iodide staining. Protein level of cytochrome C and caspase-3 was measured by semi-quantitive RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Activity of caspase-3 enzyme was measured by spectrofluorometry. RESULTS: MTT assay showed that extracts from S. barbata (ESB) could inhibit the proliferation of H22 cells in a time-dependent manner. Among the various phases of cell cycle, the percentage of cells in S phase was significantly decreased, while the percentage of cells in G1 phase was increased. Flow cytometry assay also showed that ESB had a positive effect on apoptosis. Typical apoptotic morphologies such as condensation and fragmentation of nuclei and blebbing membrane of apoptotic cells could be observed under transmission electron microscope and fluorescence microscope. To further investige the molecular mechanism behind ESB-induced apoptosis, ESB-treated cells rapidly lost their mitochondrial transmembrane potential, released mitochondrial cytochrome C into cytosol, and induced caspase-3 activity in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: ESB can effectively inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of H22 cells involving loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, release of cytochrome C, and activation of caspase-3. | Zhi-Jun Dai Xi-Jing Wang Zong-Fang Li Zong-Zheng Ji Hong-Tao Ren Wei Tang Xiao-Xu Liu Hua-Feng Kang Hai-Tao Guan Ling-Qin Song | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，48： | 25 |
| 8 | A multi-center study of hemodynamic characteristics exhibited by children with unexplained syncope显示文摘Background Syncope is common in children and adolescents,with 15% estimated to have had at least one syncopal episode by age 18.In recent years,an increasing number of children,especially girls at their school age,have developed unexplained syncope.The mechanism of an unexplained syncope exhibited by children is incompletely studied;the association between different hemodynamic patterns and clinical features is also not clear.The aim of the study was to investigate the hemodynamic patterns of children with unexplained syncope and to examine the clinical relevance.Methods Two hundred and eight children [87 boys,121 girls,aged 3-19 years,mean(11.66±2.72) years] were selectively recruited from May 2000 to April 2006 when they presented syncope as their main complaint at the Multi-center Network for Childhood Syncope in Beijing,Hunan Province,Hubei Province,and Shanghai of China.All of the patients underwent head-up tilt tests;data were analyzed using SPSS version 10.0 for Windows.Continuous variables were expressed as the mean±standard deviation.Dichotomous variables were compared through a χ2 test.A value of P<0.05(two sided) was regarded as statistically significant.Results The age distribution of children with syncope was approximately normal.Head-up tilt tests was positive in 155 children,and the incidence of positive response of the baseline head-up tilt test for diagnosing unexplained syncope was 50.48%.The sensitivity value and diagnostic value of sublingual nitroglycerin head-up tilt test were both 74.52%.The hemodynamic pattern was normal in 53 children.The 155 children,who were positive in head-up tilt tests,showed signs of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome(60,28.8%),the vasoinhibitory pattern(72,34.6%),the cardioinhibitory pattern(5,2.4%),and the mixed pattern(18,8.7%).The gender distribution between the two age groups(age < 12 years vs age ≥ 12 years) was not different(P>0.05).The distribution of hemodynamic patterns between the children of the two age groups(age < 12 years vs age ≥ 12 years),and the children with different complaints(dizziness vs syncope) was significantly different(P<0.05),while the distribution between the children of different sexes and different lasting time of syncope(≤ 5 minutes vs> 5 minutes) was not significantly different(P>0.05).Different hemodynamic patterns were differentiated by differing syncope inducements,presymptoms,and complicated symptoms during and after syncope.Conclusion The tested girls were more prone when compared with the boys to have unexplained syncope,and the peak age was around twelve years old.The incidence of positive response of head-up tilt tests was also relatively higher for the girls.The distribution of hemodynamic patterns for different ages was different.For children with unexplained syncope,we should use head-up tilttests to distinguish the hemodynamic patterns in order to adopt rational therapeutic measures. | CHEN Li YANG Yuan-yuan WANG Cheng WANG Hong-wei TIAN Hong ZHANG Qing-you CHEN Jian-jun WANG Yu-li KANG Yi-long TANG Chao-shu DU Jun-bao | 2006 | Chinese Medical Journal2006，，24： | 23 |
| 9 | Intracellular HMGB1 as a novel tumor suppressor of pancreatic cancer显示文摘尽管有最近的进展, oncogenic K 地岬驾驶的胰腺的 ductal 腺癌(PDAC ) 在最致命的人的癌症之中留在现代医学。PDAC 的致病对内在的染色体不稳定性和外来的发炎激活部分可归因。然而,在在胰腺的 tumorigenesis 的这二个事件之间的分子的连接充分还没被建立了。这里,我们证明(HMGB1 ) 细胞内部的高活动性组盒子 1 显著地压制 oncogenic 由禁止染色体的 K-Ras-driven 胰腺的 tumorigenesis 调停不稳定性的支持 inflammatory nucleosome 版本。任何一个单身者的有条件的基因脱离或在胰的 HMGB1 的两等位基因在出生使老鼠变为极其敏感到先锋损害的 oncogenic K-Ras-driven 开始,包括胰腺的 intraepithelial 瘤, intraductal 乳突的 mucinous 瘤,和 mucinous 膀胱的瘤。在胰的 HMGB1 的损失与染色体重新整理和 telomere 畸形描绘的氧化 DNA 损坏和 chromosomal 不稳定性被联系。这些导致煽动性的 nucleosome 版本并且宣传 K-Ras-driven 胰腺的 tumorigenesis。细胞外的 nucleosomes 支持 interleukin 6 (IL-6 ) 由渗入 macrophages/neutrophils 的分泌物并且提高在胰腺的损害表明激活的 oncogenic K 地岬。到 IL-6 或 histone H3 或为先进 glycation 的受体的大美人的抵销的抗体结束产品都限制表明激活的 K 地岬,阻止癌症开发和转移 / 侵略,并且延长在 Pdx1-Cre 的动物幸存; K 地岬 G12D/+;Hmgb1/ 鼠标。由 glycyrrhizin 的 HMGB1 损失的药理学抑制在煽动性的条件下面在老鼠限制 oncogenic K-Ras-driven tumorigenesis。减少在 PDAC 病人的 HMGB1 的原子、全部的细胞的表示与差的全面幸存相关,在 PDAC 与预示、治疗学的关联作为新奇肿瘤 suppressor 支持细胞内部的 HMGB1。 | Rui Kang Yangchun Xie Qiuhong Zhang Wen Hou Qingping Jiang Shan Zhu Jinbao Liu Dexing Zeng Haichao Wang David L Bartlet Timothy R Billiar Herbert J Zeh III Michael T Lotze Daolin Tang | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，7： | 22 |
| 10 | Chemical characteristics and source apportionment of PM_(2.5) between heavily polluted days and other days in Zhengzhou, China显示文摘PM_(2.5) samples were collected in Zhengzhou during 3 years of observation, and chemical characteristics and source contribution were analyzed. Approximately 96% of the daily PM_(2.5) concentrations and annual average values exceeded the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Daily and Annual Standards, indicating serious PM_(2.5) pollution. The average concentration of water-soluble inorganic ions was 2.4 times higher in heavily polluted days(daily PM32.5 concentrations > 250 μg/mand visibility < 3 km) than that in other days, with sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium as major ions. According to the ratio of NO-3/SO2-4,stationary sources are still the dominant source of PM_(2.5) and vehicle emission could not be ignored. The ratio of secondary organic carbon to organic carbon indicated that photochemical reactivity in heavily polluted days was more intense than in other days.Crustal elements were the most abundant elements, accounting for more than 60% of 23 elements. Chemical Mass Balance results indicated that the contributions of major sources(i.e., nitrate, sulfate, biomass, carbon and refractory material, coal combustion, soil dust,vehicle, and industry) of PM_(2.5) were 13%, 16%, 12%, 2%, 14%, 8%, 7%, and 8% in heavily polluted days and 20%, 18%, 9%, 2%, 27%, 14%, 15%, and 9% in other days, respectively.Extensive combustion activities were the main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during the episode(Jan 1-9, 2015) and the total benzo[a]pyrene equivalency concentrations in heavily polluted days present significant health threat. Because of the effect of regional transport, the pollution level of PM_(2.5) in the study area was aggravated. | Nan Jiang Qiang Li Fangcheng Su Qun Wang Xue Yu Panru Kang Ruiqin Zhang Xiaoyan Tang | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，4： | 22 |
| 11 | Molecular mechanisms governing plant responses to high temperatures显示文摘The increased prevalence of high temperatures(HTs) around the world is a major global concern, as they dramatically affect agronomic productivity. Upon HT exposure, plants sense the temperature change and initiate cellular and metabolic responses that enable them to adapt to their new environmental conditions.Decoding the mechanisms by which plants cope with HT will facilitate the development of molecular markers to enable the production of plants with improved thermotolerance. In recent decades, genetic, physiological, molecular, and biochemical studies have revealed a number of vital cellular components and processes involved in thermoresponsive growth and the acquisition of thermotolerance in plants. This review summarizes the major mechanisms involved in plant HT responses, with a special focus on recent discoveries related to plant thermosensing, heat stress signaling, and HT-regulated gene expression networks that promote plant adaptation to elevated environmental temperatures. | Bingjie Li Kang Gao Huimin Ren Wenqiang Tang | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2018，60，9： | 19 |
| 12 | A Brief Overview of ChatGPT:The History,Status Quo and Potential Future Development显示文摘ChatG PT,an artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) model developed by OpenAI,has attracted worldwide attention for its capability of dealing with challenging language understanding and generation tasks in the form of conversations.This paper briefly provides an overview on the history,status quo and potential future development of ChatGPT,helping to provide an entry point to think about ChatGPT.Specifically,from the limited open-accessed resources,we conclude the core techniques of ChatGPT,mainly including large-scale language models,in-context learning,reinforcement learning from human feedback and the key technical steps for developing ChatGPT.We further analyze the pros and cons of ChatGPT and we rethink the duality of ChatGPT in various fields.Although it has been widely acknowledged that ChatGPT brings plenty of opportunities for various fields,mankind should still treat and use ChatG PT properly to avoid the potential threat,e.g.,academic integrity and safety challenge.Finally,we discuss several open problems as the potential development of ChatGPT. | Tianyu Wu Shizhu He Jingping Liu Siqi Sun Kang Liu Qing-Long Han Yang Tang | 2023 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2023，10，5： | 18 |
| 13 | Formation of active oxygen species on single-atom Pt catalyst and promoted catalytic oxidation of toluene显示文摘Catalytic oxidation of toluene over noble metal catalysts is a representative reaction for elimination of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).However,to fully understand the activation of molecular oxygen and the role of active oxygen species generated in this reaction is still a challenging target.Herein,MgO nanosheets and single-atom Pt loaded MgO(Pt SA/MgO)nanosheets were synthesized and used as catalysts in toluene oxidation.The activation process of molecular oxygen and oxidation performance on the two catalysts were contrastively investigated.The Pt SA/MgO exhibited significantly enhanced catalytic activity compared to MgO.The oxygen vacancies can be easily generated on the Pt SA/MgO surface,which facilitate the activation of molecular oxygen and the formation of active oxygen species.Based on the experimental data and theoretical calculations,an active oxygen species promoted oxidation mechanism for toluene was proposed.In the presence of H2O,the molecular oxygen is more favorable to be dissociated to generate•OH on the oxygen vacancies of the Pt SA/MgO surface,which is the dominant active oxygen species.We anticipate that this work may shed light on further investigation of t10.1007/s12274-020-2765-1he oxidation mechanism of toluene and other VOCs over noble metal catalysts. | Shunzheng Zhao Yanfeng Wen Xijun Liu Xianyun Pen Fang Lü Fengyu Gao Xizhou Xie Chengcheng Du Honghong Yi Dongjuan Kang Xiaolong Tang | 2020 | Nano Research2020，13，6： | 12 |
| 14 | Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Shengjiang decoction in rats with acute pancreatitis for protecting against multiple organ injury显示文摘AIM To explore the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Shengjiang decoction(SJD) in rats with acute pancreatitis(AP) for protecting against multiple organ injury.METHODS An AP model was established by retrograde perfusion of 3.5% sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct, and a control group(CG) received 0.9% sodium chloride instead. Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a CG treated with SJD(CG + SJD) and a model group treated with SJD(MG + SJD), both of which were orally administered with SJD(5 g/kg) 2 h after surgery. Blood samples were collected via the tail vein at 10, 20, and 40 min and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h after a single dose of SJD to detect its main components using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The pharmacokinetic parameters were compared. In the pharmacodynamic experiment, 18 male SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into a CG, an AP model group(MG), and an SJD treated AP group(SJDG). Serum amylase, lipase, and inflammatory cytokines were measured, and heart, lung, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, and intestine tissues were collected for pathological examination.RESULTS The MG + SJD displayed significantly shorter mean residence time(MRT) and higher clearance(CL) for emodin and aloe-emodin; significantly shorter time of maximum concentration and T1/2 and a lower area under curve(AUC) for aloe-emodin; a significantly higher AUC and lower CL for rhein; and longer MRT and lower CL for chrysophanol than the CG + SJD. In the pharmacodynamic experiment, the amylase, interleukin(IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α levels in the MG were higher than those in the CG(P < 0.05). After the herbal decoction treatment, the SJDG had higher IL-10 and lower TNF-α levels than the MG(P < 0.05). The MG had the highest pathological scores, and the pathological scores of the lung, pancreas, kidney, and intestine in the SJDG were significantly lower than those in the MG(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION AP may have varying effects on the pharmacokinetics of the major SJD components in rats. SJD might alleviate pathological injuries of the lung, pancreas, kidney, and intestine in rats with AP via regulating pro-and antiinflammatory responses, which might guide the clinical application of SJD for AP treatment. | Lv Zhu Jun-Yi Li Yu-Mei Zhang Hong-Xin Kang Huan Chen Hang Su Juan Li Wen-Fu Tang | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，46： | 10 |
| 15 | Uplink Grant-Free Pattern Division Multiple Access (GF-PDMA) for 5G Radio Access显示文摘Massive machine type communication(m MTC) is one of the key application scenarios for the fifth generation mobile communication(5 G). Grant-free(GF) transmission can reduce the high signaling overhead in m MTC. Non-orthogonal multiple access(NMA) can support more users for m MTC than orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA). Applying GF transmission in NMA system becomes an active topic recently. The in-depth study on applying GF transmission in pattern division multiple access(PDMA), a competitive candidate scheme of NMA, is investigated in this paper. The definition, latency and allocation of resource and transmission mechanism for GF-PDMA are discussed in detail. The link-level and system-level evaluations are provided to verify the analysis. The analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed GF-PDMA has lower latency than grant based PDMA(GB-PDMA), possesses strong scalability to confront collision and provides almost 2.15 times gain over GF-OFDMA in terms of supporting the number of active users in the system. | Wanwei Tang Shaoli Kang Bin Ren Xinwei Yue | 2018 | China Communications2018，15，4： | 10 |
| 16 | Spatial-temporal dynamics of desert vegetation and its responses to climatic variations over the last three decades:a case study of Hexi region in Northwest China显示文摘Analysis of spatial-temporal variations of desert vegetation under the background of climate changes can provide references for ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid areas.In this study,we used the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies(GIMMS)NDVI data from 1982 to 2006 and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)NDVI data from 2000 to 2013 to reveal the dynamics of desert vegetation in Hexi region of Northwest China over the past three decades.We also used the annual temperature and precipitation data acquired from the Chinese meteorological stations to analyze the response of desert vegetation to climatic variations.The average value of NDVImax(the maximum NDVI during the growing season)for desert vegetation in Hexi region increased at the rate of 0.65×10–3/a(P<0.05)from 1982 to 2013,and the significant increases of NDVImax mainly appeared in the typical desert vegetation areas.Vegetation was significantly improved in the lower reaches of Shule and Shiyang river basins,and the weighted mean center of desert vegetation mainly shifted toward the lower reaches of the two basins.Almost 95.32% of the total desert vegetation area showed positive correlation between NDVImax and annual precipitation,indicating that precipitation is the key factor for desert vegetation growth in the entire study area.Moreover,the areas with non-significant positive correlation between NDVImax and annual precipitation mainly located in the lower reaches of Shiyang and Shule river basins,this may be due to human activities.Only 7.64% of the desert vegetation showed significant positive correlation between NDVImax and annual precipitation in the Shule River Basin(an extremely arid area),indicating that precipitation is not the most important factor for vegetation growth in this basin,and further studies are needed to investigate the mechanism for this phenomenon. | YANG Xuemei LIU Shizeng YANG Taibao XU Xianying KANG Caizhou TANG Jinnian WEI Huaidong Mihretab G GHEBREZGABHER LI Zhiqi | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，4： | 10 |
| 17 | Cognitive impairment and the associated risk factors among the elderly in the Shanghai urban area:a pilot study from China显示文摘Objectives:Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment(CI)and the associated risk factors among elderly people in Shanghai urban area,China.Methods:A population-based survey was conducted among people aged 55 years or older in urban areas of Shanghai.Face-to-face interviews were carried out to collect information including demographic characteristics,medical history,and medication use,etc.The validated Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was used to screen subjects with CI,and the criteria of CI were adjusted for education levels.Results:A total of 3,176 home-living residents(≥55 years old)were included in the study.Among them,266 people(102 men and 164 women)were identified as cognition impaired,with a prevalence of 8.38%(266/3,176,95%CI:(8.26,8.49))for both genders,9.21%(102/1,107,95%CI:(9.18,9.33))for men and 7.93%(164/2,069,95%CI:(7.80,8.09))for women,respectively.Furthermore,we found that several significant risk factors,including social factors(education,number of children,marriage status,and family structure),physiological factors(age,blood glucose level,and obesity),factors on living styles(physical exercise,diet&chronic diseases),and genetic factor(ApoE),associated with CI onset.Conclusions:This study confirms the high prevalence of CI among the elderly population in the Shanghai urban in China,similar to previous epidemiologic studies in Western countries.The putative risk factors associated with CI merit further investigated. | Jun-Peng Zhuang Gang Wang Qi Cheng Li-Ling Wang Rong Fang Li-Hua Liu Ran Xiong Yu Zhang Ya-Xing Gui Wen-Yan Kang Hui-Dong Tang Sheng-Di Chen | 2012 | Translational Neurodegeneration2012，1，1： | 10 |
| 18 | Relationship between Apolipoprotein Superfamily and Parkinson's Disease显示文摘 | Lin Li Ming-Su Liu Guang-Qin Li Jie Tang Yan Liao Yang Zheng Tong-Li Guo Xin Kang Mao-Ting Yuan | 2017 | Chinese Medical Journal2017，，21： | 9 |
| 19 | Programmed Death Ligand-1 on Microglia Regulates Th1 Differentiation via Nitric Oxide in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis显示文摘Microglia are considered to be potential antigen-presenting cells and have the ability to present antigen under pathological conditions. Nevertheless, whether and how microglia are involved in immune regulation are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the suppressive activity of microglia during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE) induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, with the goal of understanding their role in regulating the T cell reaction. Using flow cytometric analysis, we found that microglia were characterized by increased cell number and up-regulated programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) at the peak phase of EAE. Meanwhile,both the CD^(4+)T cells and microglia that infiltrated the central nervous system expressed higher levels of PD1, the receptor for PD-L1, accompanied by a decline of Th1 cells.In an ex vivo co-culture system, microglia from EAE mice inhibited the proliferation of antigen-specific CD^(4+)T cells and the differentiation of Th1 cells, and this was significantly inhibited by PD-L1 blockade. Further,microglia suppressed Th1 cells via nitric oxide(NO), the production of which was dependent on PD-L1. Thus, these data suggest a scenario in which microglia are involved in the regulation of EAE by suppressing Th1-cell differentiation via the PD-L1-NO pathway. | Jingxia Hu Hao He Zhengang Yang Guangming Zhu Li Kang Xiuli Jing Hai Lu Wengang Song Bo Bai Hua Tang | 2016 | Neuroscience Bulletin2016，32，1： | 9 |
| 20 | Screening serum hepatocellular carcinoma-associated proteins by SELDI-based protein spectrum analysis显示文摘AIM:To find out potential serum hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-associated proteins with low molecular weight and low abundance by SELDI-based serum protein spectra analysis, that will have much application in the diagnosis or differentiated diagnosis of HCC, as well as giving a better understanding of the mechanism of hepato-carcinogenesis. METHODS:Total serum samples were collected with informed consent from 81 HCC patients with HBV(+)/ cirrhosis(+), 36 cirrhosis patients and 43 chronic hepatitis B patients. Serum protein fingerprint profiles were first generated by selected WCX2 protein chip capture integrating with SELDI-TOF-MS, then normalized and aligned by Ciphergen SELDI Software 3.1.1 with Biomarker Wizard. Comparative analysis of the intensity of corresponding protein fingerprint peaks in normalized protein spectra, some protein peaks with significant difference between HCC and cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B were found. RESULTS:One hundred and twenty-eight serum protein peaks between 2000 and 30 000Da were identified under the condition of signal-to-noise > 5 and minimum threshold for cluster > 20%. Eighty-seven of these proteins were showed significant differences in intensity between HCC and cirrhosis (P < 0.05). Of the above differential proteins, 45 proteins had changes greater than two-fold, including 15 upregulated proteins and 30 downregulated proteins in HCC serum. Between HCC and chronic hepatitis B, 9 of 52 differential proteins (P < 0.05) had intensities of more than two-fold, including 2 upregulated proteins and 7 downregulated proteins in HCC serum. Between cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B, 28 of 79 significant differential proteins (P < 0.05) changes greater than two-fold in intensity, including 17 upregulated proteins and 11 downregulated proteins in cirrhosis serum. For the analysis of these leading differential proteins in subtraction difference mode among three diseases, the five common downregulated proteins in HCC serum (M/Z 2870, 3941, 2688, 3165, 5483) and two common upregulated proteins (M/Z 3588, 2017) in HCC and cirrhosis serum were screened.CONCLUSION:Because the interference of unspecific secreted proteins from hepatitis B and cirrhosis could be eliminated partly in HCC serum under subtraction difference analysis, these seven common differential proteins have the obvious advantage of specificity for evaluating the pathological state of HCC and might become novel candidate biomarkers in the diagnosis of HCC. | Jie-Feng Cui Yin-Kun Liu Hai-Jun Zhou Xiao-Nan Kang Cheng Huang Yi-Feng He Zhao-You Tang Toshimasa Uemura | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，8： | 8 |
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