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| 1 | Efficient and Specific Modifications of the Drosophila Genome by Means of an Easy TALEN Strategy显示文摘技术开发总是是在生物医学的研究驾驶突破的力量之一。自从托马斯·摩根的时间起,一步一步地, Drosophilists 为操作并且机能上地把开发了强大的基因工具为改进这些技术并且开发新技术的果蝇染色体,而是房间仍然大,今天特别作为生物学家开始系统地学习不同模型有机体的功能的 genomics ,包括人,以一种高产量的方式。这里,我们报导,第一次在果蝇,为借助于改进抄写在很高的效率修改果蝇染色体的一个快速、容易、高度特定的方法像使活跃之物的受动器核酸酶(TALEN ) 策略。我们利用了最近发达的单位集会策略装配设计修改黄基因的二特定的 TALEN (在性染色体上) 并且新奇正染色体的基因。TALEN 的 mRNAs 随后被注入果蝇胚胎。从 31.2% 注射 F0 肥沃的苍蝇,我们检测了包含黄基因的可继承的修正。从到可继承的修正的察觉的特定的 TALEN 的建设的全部过程能在一个月以内被完成。在果蝇的这个调停 TALEN 的染色体修正方法的潜在的应用程序被讨论。 | Jiyong Liu Changqing Li Zhongsheng Yu Peng Huang Honggang Wu Chuanxian Wei Nannan Zhu Yan Shen Yixu Chen Bo Zhang Wu-Min Deng Renjie Jiao | 2012 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2012，39，5： | 43 |
| 2 | Recent Advances in Synthesis of Waterborne Polyurethane and Their Application in Water-based Ink:A Review显示文摘Over the last few years,waterborne polyurethane(WPU) was applied to various fibers,adhesives,primers for metals,caulking materials,emulsion polymerization media,paint additives,defoamers,associate thickeners,pigment pastes,textile dyes and biomaterials,resulting in the increasing enthusiasm of researchers to design and synthesize novel WPU with unique properties.Thus,various processes and raw materials have been developed to prepare WPU.This review gives an overview on the developments of WPU mainly derived from novel polyols,analyzes the potential application in water-based inks and presents the probable future research area about water-based inks.Notably,the poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(lactic acid) are the versatile materials used in WPU synthesis and supply the potential special performance for preparing WPU.Meanwhile,addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP) processes provide an opportunity to control the chain sequence of WPU and obtain products with the desired performance. | Xing Zhou Yan Li Changqing Fang Shujuan Li Youliang Cheng Wanqing Lei Xiangjie Meng | 2015 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2015，31，7： | 47 |
| 3 | CRISPR-Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing in CAR-T cells显示文摘 | Xiaojuan Liu Yongping Zhang Chen Cheng Albert W Cheng Xingying Zhang Na Li Changqing Xia Xiaofei Wei Xiang Liu Haoyi Wang | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，1： | 40 |
| 4 | The distribution rule and seepage effect of the fractures in the ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir in east Gansu Province,Ordos Basin显示文摘To study the impact of the fractures on development in the ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir of the Yangchang Formation of the Upper Triassic in the Ordos Basin,data on outcrops,cores,slices,well logging and experiments are utilized to analyze the cause of the formation of the fractures,their distribution rules and the control factors and discuss the seepage flow effect of the fractures. In the studied area developed chiefly high-angle tectonic fractures and horizontal bedding fractures,inter-granular fractures and grain boundary fractures as well. Grain boundary fractures and intragranular fractures serve as vital channels linking intragranular pores and intergranular solution pores in the reservoir matrix,thus providing a good connectivity between the pores in the ultra-low perme-ability sandstone reservoir. The formation of fractures and their distribution are influenced by such external and internal factors as the palaeo-tectonic stress field,the reservoir lithological character,the thickness of the rock layer and the anisotropy of a layer. The present-day stress field influences the preservative state of fractures and their seepage flow effect. Under the tec-tonic effect of both the Yanshan and Himalayan periods,in this region four sets of fractures are distributed,respectively assuming the NE-SW,NW-SE,nearly E-W and nearly S-N orientations,but,due to the effect of the rock anisotropy of the rock formation,in some part of it two groups of nearly orthogonal fractures are chiefly distributed. Under the effect of the present-day stress field,the fractures that assume the NE-SW direction have a good connectivity,big apertures,a high permeability and a minimum starting pressure,all of which are main advantages of the seepage fractures in this region. With the development of oilfields,the permeability of the fractures of dif-ferent directions will have a dynamic change. | ZENG LianBo1,GAO ChunYu2,QI JiaFu1,WANG YongKang2,LI Liang2 & QU XueFeng2 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China 2 Changqing Oilfield Branch,PetroChina,Xi’an 163517,China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，S2： | 22 |
| 5 | Nanomaterials Applied in Asphalt Modification:A Review显示文摘Nanotechnology has been gradually penetrated into the field of asphalt modification.Seemingly magic effects of nanomaterials have now been brought to improve the performance of asphalt.To demonstrate many of the prospective applications,researchers have conducted a series of positive and effective efforts dealing with the preparation of modified asphalt to demonstrate the mechanism of modification and the resultant improvement in performance.In this review,various nanomaterials used in asphalt modification are initially presented,followed by the methods employed to modify the asphalt with these materials and finally the effects of nanomaterials on the performance of base asphalt are presented and the modification mechanisms are discussed.Based on the current research results,the influence of preparation process parameters on the compatibility of every phase in the modified asphalt and the stability of the modified asphalt system are described.Finally,the development trend of the topic field is projected. | Changqing Fang Ruien Yu Shaolong Liu Yan Li | 2013 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2013，29，7： | 23 |
| 6 | Recent advances in biosynthesis of bioactive compounds in traditional Chinese medicinal plants显示文摘Plants synthesize and accumulate large amount of specialized(or secondary) metabolites also known as natural products, which provide a rich source for modern pharmacy. In China, plants have been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years. Recent development of molecular biology, genomics and functional genomics as well as high-throughput analytical chemical technologies has greatly promoted the research on medicinal plants. In this article, we review recent advances in the elucidation of biosynthesis of specialized metabolites in medicinal plants,including phenylpropanoids, terpenoids and alkaloids. These natural products may share a common upstream pathway to form a limited numbers of common precursors, but are characteristic in distinct modifications leading to highly variable structures. Although this review is focused on traditional Chinese medicine, other plants with a great medicinal interest or potential are also discussed. Understanding of their biosynthesis processes is critical for producing these highly value molecules at large scale and low cost in microbes and will benefit to not only human health but also plant resource conservation. | Lei Yang Changqing Yang Chenyi Li Qing Zhao Ling Liu Xin Fang Xiao-Ya Chen | 2016 | Science Bulletin2016，61，1： | 23 |
| 7 | Rapid seismic analysis methodology for in-service wind turbine towers显示文摘The wind energy industry has been growing rapidly during the past decades.Along with this growth,engineering problems have gradually emerged in the wind power industry,including those related to the structural reliability of turbine towers.This study proposes a rapid seismic analysis methodology for existing wind turbine tower structures.The method is demonstrated and validated using a case study on a 1.5 MW tubular steel wind turbine tower.Three finite element(FE)models are developed first.Field tests are conducted to obtain the turbine tower's vibrational characteristics.The tests include(1) remotely measuring the tower vibration frequencies using a long range laser Doppler Vibrometer and(2) monitoring the tower structural vibration by mounting accelerometers along the height of the tubular structure.In-situ measurements are used to validate and update the FE models of the wind turbine tower.With the updated FE model that represents the practical structural conditions,seismic analyses are performed to study the structural failure,which is defined by the steel yielding of the tubular tower.This research is anticipated to benefit the management of the increasing number of wind energy converters by providing an understanding of the seismic assessment of existing tubular steel wind turbine towers. | Dai Kaoshan Huang Yichao Gong Changqing Huang Zhenhua Ren Xiaosong | 2015 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2015，14，3： | 20 |
| 8 | Special Section:SARS-CoV-2 Preliminary evidence from a multicenter prospective observational study of the safety and efficacy of chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19显示文摘Effective therapies are urgently needed for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Chloroquine has been proved to have antiviral effect against coronavirus in vitro.In this study,we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of chloroquine with different doses in COVID-19.In this multicenter prospective observational study,we enrolled patients older than 18 years old with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection excluding critical cases from 12 hospitals in Guangdong and Hubei Provinces.Eligible patients received chloroquinephosphate s00 mg,orally,once(half dose)or twice(full dose)daily.Patients treated with non-chloroquine therapy were included as historical controls.The primary endpoint is the time to undetectable viral RNA.Secondary outcomes include the proportion of patients with undetectable viral RNA by day 10 and 14,hospitalization time,duration of fever,and adverse events.A total of 197 patients completed chloroquine treatment,and 176patients were included as historical controls.The median time to achieve an undetectable viral RNA was shorter in chloroquine than in non-chloroquine(absolute difference in medians-6.0 days;95%CI-6.0 to—4.0).The duration of fever is shorter in chloroquine(geometric mean ratio 0.6;95%CIO.5 to 0.8).No serious adverse events were observed in the chloroquine group.Patients treated with half dose experienced lower rate of adverse events than with full dose.Although randomized trials are needed for further evaluation,this study provides evidence for safety and efficacy of chloroquine in COVID-19 and suggests that chloroquine can be a cost-effective therapy for combating the COVID-19 pandemic. | Mingxing Huang Man Li Fei Xiao Pengfei Pang Jiabi Liang Tiantian Tang Shaoxuan Liu Binghui Chen Jingxian Shu Yingying You Yang Li Meiwen Tang Jianhui Zhou Guanmin Jiang Jingfen Xiang Wenxin Hong Songmei He Zhaoqin Wang Jianhua Feng Changqing Lin Yinong Ye Zhilong Wu Yaocai Li Bei Zhong Ruilin Sun Zhongsi Hong Jing Liu Huili Chen Xiaohua Wang Zhonghe Li Duanqing Pei Lin Tian Jinyu Xia Shanping Jiang Nanshan Zhong Hong Shan | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，9： | 20 |
| 9 | Temperature gradient and its effect on flat steel box girder of long-span suspension bridge显示文摘The temperature field variation law and distribution characteristics of an orthotropic flat steel box girder under sunny conditions were analyzed through a field temperature test on the steel box girder of the operational Runyang Yangtze River Bridge(the suspension bridge part).Function optimization fitting and error analysis of the test data were conducted.A temperature gradient distribution curve applicable to a hexagonal flat steel box girder was proposed.Based on the measurement results,the temperature effect of an orthotropic flat steel box girder was analyzed using finite element method and the effects of different temperature gradient modes on the mechanical characteristics and stress distribution of the steel box girder were compared.Under sunny conditions,heat conduction in the flat steel box girder structure shows distinct 'box-room effect' characteristics,and the actual temperature gradient distribution is inconsistent with the one suggested by the existing standards.The thermal stress of a steel box girder calculated from the measured temperature gradient mode exceeds that calculated from the standard,and the intensity approximates that under the action of designed vehicle loads.The temperature-induced stress is distributed centrally near the manufacturing welds of the orthotropic steel box girder,which should be considered in design,construction and research.Results from this study could supplement the existing bridge and culvert design standards. | MIAO ChangQing SHI ChangHua | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，8： | 19 |
| 10 | Ultrastructure of neuronal-like cells differentiated from adult adipose-derived stromal cells显示文摘β-mercaptoethanol induces in vitro adult adipose-derived stromal cells(ADSCs) to differentiate into neurons.However,the ultrastructural features of the differentiated neuronal-like cells remain unknown.In the present study,inverted phase contrast microscopy was utilized to observe β-mercaptoethanol-induced differentiation of neuronal-like cells from human ADSCs,and immunocytochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction were employed to detect expression of a neural stem cells marker(nestin),a neuronal marker(neuron-specific enolase),and a glial marker(glial fibrillary acidic protein).In addition,ultrastructure of neuronal-like cells was observed by transmission election microscopy.Results revealed highest expression rate of nestin and neuron-specific enolase at 3 and 5 hours following induced differentiation;cells in the 5-hour induction group exhibited a neuronal-specific structure,i.e.,Nissl bodies.However,when induction solution was replaced by complete culture medium after 8-hour induction,the differentiated cells reverted to the fibroblast-like morphology from day 1.These results demonstrate that β-mercaptoethanol-induced ADSCs induced differentiation into neural stem cells,followed by morphology of neuronal-like cells.However,this differentiation state was not stable. | Changqing Ye Xiaodong Yuan Hui Liu Yanan Cai | 2010 | Neural Regeneration Research2010，5，19： | 16 |
| 11 | Hypoxia-inducible factor-lαand semaphorin4D genes involved with tumor-associated macrophage-induced metastatic behavior and clinical significance in colon cancer显示文摘 | Mu Linjun Wang Jinshen Chen Yuezhi Li Leping Guo Xiaobo Zheng Sheng Jing Changqing | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，20： | 15 |
| 12 | Evaluation of solar aided biomass power generation systems with parabolic trough field显示文摘Solar and biomass are both renewable energy resources.Using biomass as fuel is becoming more and more attractive after governments increase the tariff for the electricity from the renewable sources.However the costs of power from a biomass power generation plant depend greatly on the availability and quality of the biomass resource.The commercialization of solar alone thermal power generation is hindered by its high initial investment and low thermal efficiency.In this paper,a concept of integrating solar into a biomass power generation system is put forward.In the system the oil heated by a parabolic trough solar field is used to replace the extraction steam to preheat the feed water(entering a biomass boiler) and the previous extraction steam thus saved can continue to do work in the lower stages of turbine.The performance of the hybrid system with different replacements is analyzed and compared through two typical solar aided biomass generating units.The results show that the integration not only reduces the consumption of biomass fuel(at the same generation capacity) but is also proved to be an efficient way to convert solar thermal energy into power.The results also show that with the same solar aperture area,the higher the grade of the replaced extraction steam,the better the thermal performance and economy. | HOU HongJuan YANG YongPing HU Eric SONG JiFeng DONG ChangQing MAO Jian | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，6： | 15 |
| 13 | Effect of acupotomy on nitric oxide synthase and beta-endorphin in third lumbar vertebrae transverse process syndrome model rats显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the long-term effects and pain relief mechanism of acupotomy by observing changes in nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and beta-endorphin(β-EP) in the hypothalamus, spinal cord,and peripheral blood of rats with third lumbar vertebrae(L3) transverse process syndrome.METHODS:Twenty-eight SD rats were randomly assigned to normal, model, electroacupuncture(EA),and acupotomy group. The last three groups were put through an operation to emulate L3transverse process syndrome. Fourteen days after the simulation operation, EA and acupotomy treatments were applied to the respective groups. Fifty-six days afterthe simulation operation, biochemistry tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure NOS and β-EP in the hypothalamus, spinal cord, and peripheral blood.RESULTS: Rats with the simulation operation showed significantly higher levels of NOS and β-EP in the hypothalamus, spinal cord, and peripheral blood than those in the normal group. The EA and acupotomy groups had significantly lower levels of NOS and β-EP than those in the model group.There was no statistical difference between the EA and acupotomy groups.CONCLUSION: EA and acupotomy treatments significantly lowered NOS and β-EP levels in the hypothalamus, spinal cord, and peripheral blood and alleviated L3transverse process syndrome. | Changqing Guo Naigang Liu Xiaohong Li Hongmei Sun Bo Hu Jing Lu Yan Guo Chuxi Liang Hong Xu Haixia Wu | 2014 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2014，34，2： | 15 |
| 14 | DNA image cytometry test for primary screening of esophageal cancer: a population-based multi-center study in high-risk areas in China显示文摘Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of DNA image cytometry(DNA-ICM) as a primary screening method for esophageal squamous cell cancer(ESCC).Methods: A total of 5,382 local residents aged 40–69 years from three high-risk areas in China(Linzhou in Henan province, Feicheng in Shandong province and Cixian in Hebei province) from 2008 to 2011 were recruited in this population-based screening study. And 2,526 subjects declined to receive endoscopic biopsy examination with Lugol's iodine staining, while 9 and 815 subjects were excluded from liquid-based cytology and DNA-ICM test respectively due to slide quality. Finally, 2,856, 5,373 and 4,567 subjects were enrolled in the analysis for endoscopic biopsy examination, liquid-based cytology and DNA-ICM test, respectively. Sensitivity(SE), specificity(SP), negative predictive values(NPV) and positive predictive values(PPV) as well as their 95% confidence intervals(95% CI) for DNA-ICM, liquid-based cytology and the combination of the two methods were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were applied to determine the cutoff point of DNA-ICM for esophageal cancer.Results: DNA-ICM results were significantly correlative with esophageal cancer and precancer lesions(χ~2=18.016, P<0.001). The cutoff points were 5,802, 5,803 and 8,002 based on dissimilar pathological types of low grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN), high grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN), and ESCC, respectively, and 5,803 was chosen in this study considering the SE and SP. The SE, SP, PPV, NPV of DNA-ICM test(cutoff point 5,803) combined with liquid-based cytology [threshold atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance(ASCUS)] were separately 72.1%(95% CI: 70.3%-73.9%), 43.3%(95% CI: 41.3%-45.3%), 22.8%(95% CI: 21.1%-24.5%) and 87.0%(95% CI: 85.7%-88.3%) for LGIN, 85.7%(95% CI: 84.3%-87.1%), 41.3%(95% CI: 39.3%-43.3%), 4.6%(95% CI: 3.8%-5.4%) and 98.9%(95% CI: 98.5%-99.3%) for HGIN, and 96.0%(95% CI: 95.2%-96.8%), 40.8%(95% CI: 38.8%-42.8%), 1.7%(95% CI: 1.2%-2.2%) and 99.9%(95% CI: 99.8%-100.0%) for ESCC.Conclusions: It is possible to use DNA-ICM test as a primary screening method before endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer. | Meng Wang Changqing Hao Qing Ma Guohui Song Shanrui Ma Deli Zhao Lin Zhao Xinqing Li Wenqiang Wei | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2016，28，4： | 15 |
| 15 | Family control,institutional environment and cash dividend policy:Evidence from China显示文摘Using a sample of 1486 Chinese A-share listed companies for the period 2004-2008,this study empirically tests the impact of family control,institutional environment and their interaction on the cash dividend policy of listed companies.Our results indicate that(1)family firms have a lower cash dividend payout ratio and propensity to pay dividends than non-family firms;(2) a favorable regional institutional environment has a significant positive impact on the cash dividend payout ratio and propensity to pay dividends of listed companies;and(3) the impact of the regional institutional environment on cash dividends is stronger in family firms than in non-family firms.Somewhat surprisingly,we find that controlling family shareholders in China may intensify Agency Problem Ⅰ(the owner-manager conflict) rather than Agency Problem Ⅱ(the controlling shareholder-minority shareholder conflict),and thus have a significant negative impact on cash dividend policy.In contrast,a favorable regional institutional environment plays a positive corporate governance role in mitigating Agency Problem 1 and encouraging family firms to pay cash dividends. | Zhihua Wei Shinong Wu Changqing Li Wei Chen | 2011 | China Journal of Accounting Research2011，，Z1： | 15 |
| 16 | The impacts of conservation agriculture on crop yield in China depend on specific practices, crops and cropping regions显示文摘For smooth and wide application of conservation agriculture(CA), remaining uncertainties about its impacts on crop yield need to be reduced. Based on previous field experiments in China, a meta-analysis was performed to quantify the actual impacts of CA practices(NT: no/reduced-tillage only, CTSR: conventional tillage with straw retention, NTSR: NT with straw retention) on crop yields as compared to conventional tillage without straw retention(CT).Although CA practices increased crop yield by 4.6% on average, there were large variations in their impacts. For each CA practice, CTSR and NTSR significantly increased crop yield by 4.9%and 6.3%, respectively, compared to CT. However, no significant effect was found for NT. Among ecological areas, significant positive effects of CA practices were found in areas with an annual precipitation below 600 mm. Similar effects were found in areas with annual mean air temperature above 5 °C. For cropping regions, CA increased crop yield by 6.4% and 5.5%compared to CT in Northwest and South China, respectively, whereas no significant effects were found in the North China and Northeast China regions. Among crops, the positive effects of CA practices were significantly higher in maize(7.5%) and rice(4.1%) than in wheat(2.9%). NT likely decreased wheat yield. Our results indicate that there are great differences in the impacts of CA practices on crop yield, owing to regional variation in climate and crop types. CA will most likely increase maize yield but reduce wheat yield. It is strongly recommended to apply CA with crop straw retention in maize cropping areas and seasons with a warm and dry climate pattern. | Chengyan Zheng Yu Jiang Changqing Chen Yanni Sun Jinfei Feng Aixing Deng Zhenwei Song Weijian Zhang | 2014 | The Crop Journal2014，2，5： | 15 |
| 17 | Unique recovery stage of reef communities after F/F event in a huge coral reef of Carboniferous, Southern Guizhou,China显示文摘A huge coral reef occurring in the Triticites belt of the Maping Formation, in Bianping Village, about 4 km west of Houchang Town from Ziyun County, Southern Guizhou, China is described. The coral reef has been well studied and some significant characteristics were dis-covered: the composition of reef-building community is very monotonous; there are only one or two builders in each reef-building stage; the dwellers are also poor in variety; the reef-building process is very simple; the reef has been separately built by various reef-building mechanisms, and there have been few parts built by two coexisting building mechanisms; the process of reef building is often discontinuous and lacks transition. All these characteristics are considered to be unique to the recovery stage of reef communities after F/F event and are representative of a process that reef communities must undergo post the catastrophe. | GONG Enpu YANG Hongying GUAN Changqing SUN Baoliang YAO Yuzeng | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，5： | 14 |
| 18 | Ultralight X-type lattice sandwich structure(I):Concept,fabrication and experimental characterization显示文摘A new type of ultra-lightweight metallic lattice structure (named as the X-type structure) is reported. This periodic structure was formed by two groups of staggered struts in the traditional pyramid strurture, and fabricated by folding expanded metal sheet along rows of offset nodes and then brazing the folded structure (as the core) with top and bottom facesheets to form sandwich panels. The out-of-plane compressive and shear properties of the X-type lattice sandwich structure were investigated experimentally and compared to those of the sandwich having a pyramidal truss core. It is found that the formation of the 2-dimensional staggered nodes can effectively make the X-type structure more resistant to inelastic and plastic buckling under both compression and shear loading than the pyramidal lattice truss. Obtained results show that the compressive and shear peak strengths of the X-type lattice structure are about 30% higher than those of the pyramidal lattice truss having the same relative density. | ZHANG QianCheng HAN YunJie CHEN ChangQing LU TianJian | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，8： | 14 |
| 19 | Metamorphism of the northern Liaoning Complex:Implications for the tectonic evolution of Neoarchean basement of the Eastern Block,North China Craton显示文摘As one of the areas where typical late Archean crust is exposed in the Eastern Block of the North China Craton,the northern Laioning Complex consists principally of tonalitic-trondhjemitic-granodioritic(TTG) gneisses,massive granitoids and supracrustal rocks.The supracrustal rocks,named the Qingyuan Group, consist of interbedded amphibolite,hornblende granulite,biotite granulite and B1F.Petrological evidence indicates that the amphibolites experienced the early prograde(M1),peak(M2) and post-peak(M3) metamorphism.The early prograde assemblage(M1) is preserved as mineral inclusions,represented by actinotite + hornblende + plagioclase + epidote + quartz + sphene,within garnet porphyroblasts.The peak assemblage(M2) is indicated by garnet + clinopyroxene + hornblende + plagioclase + quartz + ilmenite, which occur as major mineral phases in the rock.The post-peak assemblage(M3) is characterized by the garnet + quartz symplectite.The P—T pseudosections in the NCFMASHTO system constructed by using THERMOCALC define the P-T conditions of Ml,M2 and M3 at 490-550℃/<4.5 kbar,780-810℃/7.65- 8.40 kbar and 630-670℃/8.15-9.40 kbar,respectively.As a result,an anticlockwise P-T path involving isobaric cooling is inferred for the metamorphic evolution of the amphibolites.Such a P-T path suggests that the late Archean metamorphism of the northern Liaoning Complex was related to the intrusion and underplating of mantle-derived magmas.The underplating of voluminous mantle-derived magmas leading to metamorphism with an anticlockwise P-T path involving isobaric cooling may have occurred in continental magmatic arc regions,above hot spots driven by mantle plumes,or in continental rift environments. A mantle plume model is favored because this model can reasonably interpret many other geological features of late Archean basement rocks from the northern Liaoning Complex in the Eastern Block of the North China Craton as well as their anticlockwise P—T paths involving isobaric cooling. | Kam Kuen Wu Guochun Zhao Min Sun Changqing Yin Yanhong He Pui Yuk Tam | 2013 | Geoscience Frontiers2013，4，3： | 14 |
| 20 | High-Speed EMUs:Characteristics of Technological Development and Trends显示文摘1.A worldwide history of high-speed trains High-speed railway(HSR)is defined by the International Union of Railways(UIC)as new lines with design speeds above 250 kmh1 and upgraded existing lines with speeds of up to 200 kmh1[1].In China,HSR is defined as new passenger-dedicated lines designed for electric multiple unit(EMU)trains running at a speed of 250 kmh1 or above(actual or reserved),with an initial operation speed not lower than 200 kmh1[2].The worldwide development of HSRs and high-speed EMUs can be roughly divided into three stages:initial operation,line platform expansion,and rapid development. | Hongwei Zhao Jianying Liang Changqing Liu | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，3： | 14 |
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