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| 1 | Relationship between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas after acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM:To determine the prevalence and time course of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals with newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes mellitus after acute pancreatitis.METHODS:Relevant literature cited in three major biomedical journal databases(EMBASE,MEDLINE,and Scopus)was reviewed independently by two authors.There were no language constraints but the search was limited to human studies.Studies included were cohort studies of adult patients who were discharged after an attack of acute pancreatitis.Patients were excluded if they were under 18 years of age or had a previous diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes mellitus,pancreatic exocrine insufficiency,or chronic pancreatitis.The main outcome measure was the prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in patients who were diagnosed with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus after an attack of acute pancreatitis.Subgroup analysis was conducted for patients who were diagnosed with prediabetes only and those who were diagnosed withdiabetes mellitus only.Subgroup analysis looking at the time course of concomitant pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency was also conducted.Pooled prevalence and corresponding 95%confidence intervals were calculated for all outcome measures and P-values<0.05 were deemed statistically significant.RESULTS:Eight clinical studies comprising of 234patients met all eligibility criteria.The pooled prevalence of newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes in individuals after acute pancreatitis was 43%(95%CI:30%-56%).The pooled prevalence of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals after acute pancreatitis was 29%(95%CI:19%-39%).The prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals with newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes was 40%(95%CI:25%-55%).The prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency among individuals with prediabetes alone and diabetes mellitus alone was 41%(95%CI:12%-75%)and 39%(95%CI:28%-51%),respectively.Further analysis showed that the prevalence of concomitant pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals with prediabetes or diabetes decreases over time after an attack of acute pancreatitis.CONCLUSION:Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency occurs in 40%of individuals with newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes mellitus after acute pancreatitis.Further studies are needed to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetes in this setting. | Stephanie L M Das James I C Kennedy Rinki Murphy Anthony R J Phillips John A Windsor Maxim S Petrov | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，45： | 9 |
| 2 | 导致儿童期肥胖的生命早期危险因素:队列研究显示文摘目的确定早年(3岁以内)导致英国儿童肥胖的危险因素。设计前瞻性队列研究。方法Avon英国父母及儿童纵向调查研究。参与者参与队列研究的8234名年龄为7岁的儿童以及亚组的909名重点儿童,后者需额外提供与早期发育有关并涉及可能导致肥胖的各种资料。诊断标准7岁儿童体重指数≥95百分位确定为肥胖,参考1990年英国人口调查的诊断标准。结果经过最终验证,在假设的25项危险因素中有8项与肥胖有关:父母肥胖(父母双方校正后的相对危险度10.44,95%可信区间5.11~21.32);最早期(43个月内)的体重指数或体重反弹升高(校正后的相对危险度15.00,95%可信区间5.32~42.30);3岁时每周看电视的时间超过8小时(校正后的相对危险度1.55,95%可信区间1.13~2.12);追赶性生长(校正后的相对危险度2.60,95%可信区间1.09~6.16);8个月(校正后的相对危险度3.13,95%可信区间1.43~6.85)和18个月(校正后的相对危险度2.65,95%可信区间1.25~5.59)时体重的标准差值;1岁时体重增加值(校正后的相对危险度1.06,95%可信区间1.02~1.10,体重每增加100g);出生体重,每100g(校正后的相对危险度1.05,95%可信区间1.03~1.07);3岁时睡眠不足(<10.5小时,校正后的相对危险度1.45,95%可信区间1.10~1.89)。结论儿童期肥胖可能与8项危险因素有关。 | John J Reilly Julie Amstrong Ahmad R Dorosty Pauline M Emmett A Ness I Rogers Colin Steer Andrea Sherriff Children Study Team 冯凯 | 2005 | 英国医学杂志中文版2005，8，5： | 8 |
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