|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Engineering Introns to Express RNA Guides for Cas9- and Cpfl-Mediated Multiplex Genome Editing显示文摘定期聚类 interspaced 短 palindromic 重复(CRISPR ) 系统为指向的 DNA 作为革命站台出现了。这个系统使用一个地点特定的 RNA 指南指导一个 CRISPR 受动器(例如, Cas9 和 Cpf1 ) 到一个 DNA 目标。这里,我们详细描述一般策略同时从 Cas9 和 Cpf1 的 introns 表示多重指南 RNA (gRNA ) 和 CRISPR RNA (crRNA ) 。这个方法利用处理系统或 Cpf1 的 crRNA 处理活动劈开包含 tRNA-gRNA polycistron 或 crRNA-crRNA 数组的拼接的 intron 的内长的 tRNA。我们证明 tRNA-gRNA intron 能作为一基因与 Cas9 熔化。如此的混合基因能用一个聚合酶 II 倡导者被表示,并且在同时指向多重地点展出了高效率和坚韧性。我们 ? 也在调停 Cpf1 的染色体用 intronic tRNA-crRNA 和 crRNA-crRNA 数组编辑实现了这策略。有趣地,包含 Cpf1 和 intronic crRNA 的混合基因与常规 Cpf1 向量相比穿展出显著地增加的效率。一起拿,这研究介绍一个方法从一混合基因表示 CRISPR 试剂增加编辑染色体的效率和能力。由于它的简洁和通用性,这个方法能广泛地被用来在优核质开发复杂 CRISPR 工具。 | Dan Ding Kaiyuan Chen Yuedan Chen Hong Li Kabin Xie | 2018 | Molecular Plant2018,11,4: | 14 |
| 2 | Prognostic implications of epidermal growth factor receptor variant Ⅲ expression and nuclear translocation in Chinese human gliomas显示文摘Objective: To determine the prognostic implications and clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor variant Ⅲ(EGFRvⅢ) expression and EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation in Chinese human gliomas.Methods: We retrospectively examined EGFRvⅢ expression and EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation using immunohistochemistry in specimens of 240 Chinese patients with glioma, including 84 World Health Organization(WHO) II gliomas, 84 WHO Ⅲ gliomas and 72 glioblastomas(WHO IV). Factors that correlated with EGFRvⅢ and EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation expression were analyzed by the Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier methodology and Cox regression were used for the survival analysis.Results: Log-rank tests showed that patient age, Karnofsky performance scale(KPS) score, tumor grade,EGFRvⅢ expression, EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation, 1 p/19 q codeletion, isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH)mutation, Ki-67 labeling index and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT) status(P<0.05) were significantly correlated with overall survival(OS) time. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that patient age, tumor grade, EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation, 1 p/19 q codeletion, and IDH mutation(P<0.05) were significantly correlated with OS. Patients with a high level of EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation(≥7%) had both significantly shorter OS [hazard ratio(HR): 1.920, 95% confidence interval(95% CI): 1.228-3.003, P=0.004] and progression-free survival(PFS) times(HR: 1.661, 95% CI: 1.116-2.471, P=0.012) than those with a low level of EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation(<7%).Conclusions: A high level of EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation in glioma is an independent factor indicating a poor prognosis, but EGFRvⅢ expression is not an independent clinical prognostic factor. The level of EGFRvⅢ nuclear translocation maybe a novel and crucial prognostic biomarker in glioma. | Kaiyuan Yang Xiaohui Ren Liyuan Tao Peipei Wang Haihui Jiang Li Shen Yiming Zhao Yong Cui Mingxiao Li Song Lin | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2019,31,1: | 8 |
| 3 | Effect of Zr addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of Ni-46Ti-4Al alloy显示文摘The microstructures and mechanical properties of Ni-(46-x)Ti-4Al-xZr (x = 0-8, at.%) alloys have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and mechanical tests. The results show that the Ni-Ti-Al-Zr alloys are composed of TiNi and (Ti, Al) 2 Ni with Zr as a solid solution element in both phases, and the third phase, (Zr, Ti, Al) 2 Ni, appears in Ni-40Ti-4Al-6Zr and Ni-38Ti-4Al-8Zr alloys. The compressive yield strength at room temperature increases with the increase of Zr content due to the solid-solution strengthening of Zr and precipitation strengthening of (Ti, Al, Zr) 2 Ni phase. However, the Ni-42Ti-4Al-4Zr alloy exhibits the maximum compressive yield strength at 873 and 973 K because of the softening of (Zr, Ti, Al) 2 Ni phase in the alloys with more Zr addition. The tensile stress-strain tests and the SEM fracture surface observations show that the brittle to ductile transition temperature of Ni-42Ti-4Al-4Zr alloy is between 873 and 923 K. | LI Yan YU Kaiyuan SONG Xiaoyun ZHANG Fei | 2011 | Rare Metals2011,30,5: | 6 |
| 4 | Effect of fertilization patterns on the assemblage of weed communities in an upland winter wheat field显示文摘Aims Understanding the response of farmland weed community assembly to fertilization is important for designing better nutrient management strategies in integrated farmland ecological systems.Many studies have focused on weed characteristics,mainly crop–weed competition responses to fertilization or weed communities alone.However,weed community assembly in association with crop growth is poorly understood in the agroecosystems,but is important for the determination of integrated weed management.Biodiversity promotes ecosystem productivity in the grassland,but whether it applies to the agroecosystems is unclear.Based on an 11-year field experiment,the cumulative effects of different fertilization patterns on the floristic composition and species diversity of farmland weed communities along with wheat growth in a winter wheat–soybean rotation were investigated.Methods The field trial included five fertilization patterns with different combinations of N,P and K fertilizers.Species composition and diversity of weed communities,aboveground plant biomass and nutrient accumulation of weeds and winter wheat,light penetration to the ground surface and wheat yield were measured at each plot in 2009 and 2010.Multivariate analysis,regression and analysis of variance were used to analyze the responses of these parameters to the different fertilization treatments.Important Findings Four dominant weeds(Galium aparine L.,Veronica persica Poir.,Vicia sativa L.and Geranium carolinianum L.)accounted for~90%of the total weed density in the 2 years of experimental duration.The residual weed community assembly was influenced primarily by topsoil available nutrients in the order P>N>K.Competition for nutrients and solar radiation between crops and weeds was the main indirect effect of fertilization on the changes in weed community composition and species diversity.The indices of species diversity(species richness,Shannon–Wiener,Pielou and Simpson indices)showed significant linear relationships with wheat yield.The balanced fertilization treatment was more efficient at inhibiting the potential growth of weeds because of solar radiation being intercepted by wheat.These results support the conclusion that wheat yield is favored by balanced fertilization,whereas the weed community is favored by PK fertilization in terms of density and diversity.However,the negative effects on wheat yield may be compromised by simultaneous positive effects of weed communities in the fertilization treatments,for instance,the NP and NK treatments,which are intermediate in terms of increasing wheat production and to a level maintaining a diverse community. | Leilei Tang Kaiyuan Wan Chuanpeng Cheng Ruhai Li Daozhong Wang Junfeng Pan Yong Tao Juan Xie Fang Chen | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014,7,1: | 6 |
| 5 | Extraction of Hemicellulose from Acacia Wood via Autohydrolysis and Ethanol Precipitation显示文摘Isolation and utilization of hemicellulose are important processes in the pulp mill-based biorefinery. Considering the potential end use of the hemicellulose,this study investigated the concentration of monomeric and oligomeric sugars in the hydrolysate derived from autohydrolysis of acacia wood and the obtainment of these sugars via ethanol precipitation. The rate of generation of monomers and oligomers increased dramatically with an increase of the temperature from 160℃ to 180℃. The maximum content of oligomers and total sugars was achieved under conditions of 180℃ and 10 min,170℃ and 85 min,respectively. Interestingly,the maximum yield of hemicellulose via ethanol precipitation was achieved in a much shorter time,compared with the maximum yield of oligomer from the hydrolysate by autohydrolysis. A 6. 66 g / L quantity of hemicellulose was obtained by intensifying the conditions of ethanol precipitation. The hemicellulose characteristics were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared,nuclear magnetic resonance,and ultraviolet spectroscopy,and the molecular weight was determined by gel permeation chromatography and thermal analysis. | HaiQiang Shi KaiYuan Guo YanNing Sun Na Li Jian Zhang MeiHong Niu QingWei Ping | 2016 | Paper And Biomaterials2016,1,1: | 4 |
| 6 | The origin of Mosuo people as revealed by mtDNA and Y chromosome variation显示文摘The Mosuo, living in the Lugu Lake area in northwest Yunnan Province, China, is the only matriarchal population in China. The Mosuo was officially identified as Naxi nationality although its relationship with Naxi remains controversial. We studied the genetic relationship between the Mosuo and five other ethnic groups currently residing in northwest Yunnan, i.e. Naxi, Tibetan, Bai, Yi and Pumi, by typing the genetic variations in mtDNA HVS1 and 21 Y chromosome markers (13 SNPs & 8 STR markers). We showed that the maternal lineages of the Mosuo bear the strongest resemblance with those found in Naxi while its paternal lineages are more similar to those that are prevalent in Yunnan Tibetan. The marked difference between paternal and maternal lineages may be attributable to the genetic history, matriarchal structure, and visiting marriage. | WEN Bo, SHI Hong, REN Ling, XI Huifeng, LI Kaiyuan, ZHANG Wenyi, SU Bing, SI Shiheng, JIN Li & XIAO ChunjieJoined Laboratory of Human Population Genetics of Yunnan University and Fudan University, Kunming 650091, China Key Laboratory of Bioresources Conservation and Utilization & Human Genetics Center of Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China National Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & Center for Anthropological Studies, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650031, China Center for Genome Information, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati 45267, USA The Central Hospital of Ninglang County, Ninglang 674300, China | 2004 | Science China(Life Sciences)2004,47,1: | 3 |
| 7 | Understanding the electrode reaction process of dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol over Ni/Fe nanoparticles: Effect of pH and 2,4-dichlorophenol concentration显示文摘Herein,with the exploitation of iron and nickel electrodes,the 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP)dechlorinating processes at the anode and cathode,respectively,were separately studied via various electrochemical techniques(e.g.,Tafel polarization,linear polarization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy).With this in mind,Ni/Fe nanoparticles were prepared by chemical solution deposition,and utilized to test the dechlorination activities of 2,4-DCP over a bimetallic system.For the iron anode,the results showed that higher 2,4-DCP concentration and solution acidity aggravated the corrosion within the electrode.The charge transfer resistance(Rct)values of the iron electrode were 703,473,444,and 437Ω·cm2 for the initial 2,4-DCP concentrations of0,20,50,and 80 mg/L,respectively.When the bulk pH of the 2,4-DCP solution varied from 3.0,5.0to 7.0,the corresponding Rct values were 315,376,and 444Ω·cm2,respectively.For the nickel cathode,the reduction current densities on the electrode at-0.75 V(vs.saturated calomel electrode)were 80,106,and 111μA/cm2,for initial 2,4-DCP concentrations of 40,80,and125 mg/L.The dechlorination experiments demonstrated that when the initial pH of the solution was 7.0,5.0,and 3.0,the dechlorination percentage of 2,4-DCP by Ni/Fe nanoparticles was 62%,69%,and 74%,respectively,which was in line with the electrochemical experiments.10 wt.%Ni loading into Ni/Fe bimetal was affordable and gave a good dechlorination efficiency of 2,4-DCP,and fortunately the Ni/Fe nanoparticles remained comparatively stable in the dechlorination processes at pH 3.0. | Kaiyuan Zheng Yuqiao Song Xu Wang Xin Li Xuhui Mao Dihua Wang | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019,31,10: | 2 |
| 8 | Borate-Modified,Flame-Retardant Paper Packaging Materials for Archive Conservation显示文摘Paper packaging materials like cardboards are widely used to protect archives which are a major kind of cultural relics.Unfortunately,paper is a combustible material,and thus exploring environment-friendly flame retardant for paper-based archive packaging material plays an important role.Herein,boric acid,borax and disodium octaborate are used to modify the craft paper-based packaging materials for archive conservation to improve fire safety.The modified craft paper exhibits much higher flame retardancy than the pristine one dose based on vertical burning tests,without much influence on mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscope(SEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)reveal that porous glass structure is formed during the combustion,because thermal decomposition of boric acid,borax and disodium octaborate will produce porous glassy matter as B_(2)O_(3).The porous glass covers the paper surface as an insulating layer which retards the further pyrolysis and combustion,resulting in a denser carbon layer.Our study provides a robust way to reduce the fire hazard of the archive packaging material by applying environment-friendly boron-based fire retardants. | Juanli Wang Ming Cao Jiaxin Li Kaiyuan Li Xiaolian Chao Bingjie Mai Yuhu Li Jing Cao | 2022 | Journal of Renewable Materials2022,10,4: | 2 |
| 9 | Colonization of endophyte Acremonium sp. D212 in Panax notoginseng and rice mediated by auxin and jasmonic acid显示文摘Endophytic fungi can be beneficial to plant growth. However, the molecular mechanisms under-lying colonization of Acremonium spp. remain unclear. In this study, a novel endophytic Acremonium strain was isolated from the buds of Panax notoginseng and named Acremonium sp. D212. The Acremonium sp. D212 could colonize the roots of P. notoginseng, enhance the resistance of P. notoginseng to root rot disease, and promote root growth and saponin bio-synthesis in P. notoginseng. Acremonium sp. D212 could secrete indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA), and inoculation with the fungus increased the endogenous levels of IAA and JA in P. noto-ginseng. Colonization of the Acremonium sp. D212 in the roots of the rice line Nipponbare was dependent on the concentration of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) (2–15μmol/L) and 1-naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) (10–20μmol/L). Moreover, the roots of the JA signaling-defective coi1-18 mutant were colonized by Acremonium sp. D212 to a lesser degree than those of the wild-type Nipponbare and miR393b-overexpressing lines, and the colonization was res-cued by MeJA but not by NAA. It suggests that the cross-talk between JA signaling and the auxin biosynthetic pathway plays a crucial role in the colonization of Acremonium sp. D212 in host plants. | Li Han Xuan Zhou Yiting Zhao Shusheng Zhu Lixia Wu Yunlu He Xiangrui Ping Xinqi Lu Wuying Huang Jie Qian Lina Zhang Xi Jiang Dan Zhu Chongyu Luo Saijie Li Qian Dong Qijing Fu Kaiyuan Deng Xin Wang Lei Wang Sheng Peng Jinsong Wu Weimin Li JiǐíFriml Youyong Zhu Xiahong He Yunlong Du | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020,62,9: | 2 |
| 10 | Discovery of carbon-based strongest and hardest amorphous material显示文摘Carbon is one of the most fascinating elements due to its structurally diverse allo tropic forms stemming from its bonding varieties(sp,sp^(2)and sp^(3)).Exploring new forms of carbon has been the eternal theme of scientific research.Herein,we report on amorphous(AM) carbon materials with a high fraction of sp^(3)bonding recovered from compression of fullerene C_(60) under high pressure and high temperature,previously unexplored.Analysis of photoluminescence and absorption spectra demonstrates that they are semiconducting with a bandgap range of 1.5-2.2 eV,comparable to that of widely used AM silicon.Comprehensive mechanical tests demonstrate that synthesized AM-Ⅲ carbon is the hardest and strongest AM material known to date,and can scratch diamond crystal and approach its strength.The produced AM carbon materials combine outstanding mechanical and electronic properties,and may potentially be used in photovoltaic applications that require ultrahigh strength and wear resistance. | Shuangshuang Zhang Zihe Li Kun Luo Julong He Yufei Gao Alexander V.Soldatov Vicente Benavides Kaiyuan Shi Anmin Nie Bin Zhang Wentao Hu Mengdong Ma Yong Liu Bin Wen Guoying Gao Bing Liu Yang Zhang Yu Shu Dongli Yu Xiang-Feng Zhou Zhisheng Zhao Bo Xu Lei Su Guoqiang Yang Olga P.Chernogorova Yongjun Tian | 2022 | National Science Review2022,9,1: | 2 |
| 11 | Mirror seeing of the Antarctic survey telescope显示文摘Site testing results indicate that Antarctic Dome A is an excellent ground-based astronomical site suitable for observations ranging from visible to infrared wavelengths. However, the harsh environment in Antarctica, especially the very low temperature and atmospheric pressure, always produces frost on the telescopes' mirrors, which are exposed to the air. Since the Dome A site is still unattended, the Antarctic telescope tubes are always designed to be fi lled with dry nitrogen, and the outer surfaces of the optical system are heated by an indium-tin oxide thin fi lm. These precautions can prevent the optical surfaces from frosting over, but they degrade the image quality by introducing additional mirror seeing. Based on testing observations of the second Antarctic Survey Telescope(AST3-2) in the Mohe site in China, mirror seeing resulting from the heated aspheric plate has been measured using micro-thermal sensors. Results comparing the real-time atmospheric seeing monitored by the Differential Image Motion Monitor and real-time examinations of image quality agree well. | ZHANG Kaiyuan LI Zhengyang YUAN Xiangyan PEI Chong | 2014 | Advances in Polar Science2014,25,3: | 2 |
| 12 | Oxidation-strengthened disulfide-bridged prodrug nanoplatforms with cascade facilitated drug release for synergetic photochemotherapy显示文摘One of the major barriers in utilizing prodrug nanocarriers for cancer therapy is the slow release of parent drug in tumors.Tumor cells generally display the higher oxidative level than normal cells,and also displayed the heterogeneity in terms of redox homeostasis level.We previously found that the disulfide bond-linkage demonstrates surprising oxidationsensitivity to form the hydrophilic sulfoxide and sulphone groups.Herein,we develop oxidation-strengthened prodrug nanosystem loaded with pyropheophorbide a(PPa)to achieve light-activatable cascade drug release and enhance therapeutic efficacy.The disulfide bond-driven prodrug nanosystems not only respond to the redox-heterogeneity in tumor,but also respond to the exogenous oxidant(singlet oxygen)elicited by photosensitizers.Once the prodrug nanoparticles(NPs)are activated under irradiation,they would undergo an oxidative self-strengthened process,resulting in a facilitated drug cascade release.The IC50 value of the PPa@PTX-S-S NPs without irradiation was 2-fold higher than those of NPs plus irradiation.In vivo,the PPa@PTX prodrug NPs display prolonged systemic circulation and increased accumulation in tumor site.The PPa@PTXS-S NPs showed much higher efficiency than free PTX or the PPa@PTX-C-C NPs to suppress the growth of 4 T1 tumors.Therefore,this novel oxidation-strengthened disulfide-bridged prodrug-nanosystem has a great potential in the enhanced efficacy of cancer synergetic photochemotherapy. | Bin Yang Lin Wei Yuequan Wang Na Li Bin Ji Kaiyuan Wang Xuanbo Zhang Shenwu Zhang Shuang Zhou Xiaohui Yao Hang Song Yusheng Wu Haotian Zhang Qiming Kan Tao Jin Jin Sun | 2020 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2020,15,5: | 2 |
| 13 | Structural, elastic and electronic properties of transition metal carbides TMC (TM=Ti, Zr, Hf and Ta) from first-principles calculations显示文摘 | Hui Li Litong Zhang Qingfeng Zeng Kang Guan Kaiyuan Li Haitao Ren Shanhua Liu Laifei Cheng | 2011 | Solid State Communications2011,,8: | 1 |
| 14 | An improved robust fuzzy-PID controller with optimal fuzzy reasoning显示文摘 | Li Hanxiong Zhang Lei Cai Kaiyuan | 2005 | IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics2005,35,6: | 1 |
| 15 | Poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) microspheres prepared in ethanol/water using a photochemical method and their application in Ni 2+ adsorption显示文摘 | Zhimin Zhu Fengqiang Sun Liting Yang Kaiyuan Gu Weishan Li | 2013 | Chemical Engineering Journal2013,,: | 1 |
| 16 | Characterizing the properties of ultrasonics propagating on the surface of materials with defect by Laser-ultrasonics method显示文摘一个激光 ultrasonics 方法被用来波浪在材料的表面上旅行出现描绘繁殖性质与在 2D 的表面下的缺点。缺点引起的 ultrasonics 的线性、非线性的繁殖性质在实验被检测了。一个理论模型被建议并且过去常学习缺点引起的 ultrasonics 的线性、非线性的性质。当有限振幅 ultrasonics 与表面下的缺点在材料的表面上宣传时,数字结果显示非线性的超声的波浪将是激动的。理论分析证实非线性的波浪被鼓掌缺点的接口而不是 ultrasonics 的模式变换引起。 | XU Xiaodong CHEN Xiang LI Kaiyuan LIU Xiaojun CHENG Jianchun Christ Glorieux | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2011,30,4: | 1 |
| 17 | WIP1 promotes cancer stem cell properties by inhibiting p38 MAPK in NSCLC显示文摘Cancer stem cells(CSCs)are a small population of stem cell-like cancer cells that can initiate tumors in vivo,and are the major source of cancer initiation,relapse,and drug resistance.We previously reported that the p38 MAPK,through its downstream effectors MK2 and HSP27,suppressed CSC properties by downregulating the expression of transcription factors that mediate stemness in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)cells,and that despite unaltered total expression of total p38 proteins,the levels of activated p38 were reduced in NSCLC tissues.However,the mechanism underlying the reduced levels of activated p38 in NSCLC is unknown.In this study,we identified WIP1,a p38 phosphatase frequently overexpressed in cancer,as a suppressor of p38 in a pathway that regulates CSC properties in NSCLC.Increased WIP1 expression correlated with reduced levels of activated p38,and with increased levels of a CSC marker in NSCLC tissues.Further investigation revealed that WIP1 promoted stemness-related protein expression and CSC properties by inhibiting p38 activity in NSCLC cells.WIP1 inhibitors are currently under development as anticancer drugs based on their ability to reactivate p53.We found that a WIP1 inhibitor suppressed stemness-related protein expression and CSC properties by activating p38 in NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo.These studies have identified the WIP1–p38–MK2–HSP27 cascade as a novel signaling pathway that,when altered,promotes CSC properties in NSCLC development,and have defined novel mechanisms underlying the oncogenic activity of WIP1 and the anticancer efficacy of WIP1 inhibitors. | Kaiyuan Deng Liang Liu Xiaoming Tan Zhen Zhang Jianjun Li Yang Ou Xin Wang Shuang Yang Rong Xiang Peiqing Sun | 2020 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020,5,1: | 1 |
| 18 | Correlation between Progressive Changes in Piriform Cortex and Olfactory Performance in Early Parkinson’s Disease显示文摘 | Wu Xiaoli Yu Chunshui Fan Fengmei Zhang Kaiyuan Zhu Chaozhe Wu Tao Li Kuncheng Chan Piu | 2011 | EN2011,,2: | 1 |
| 19 | Prep- aration of spindly CuO micro - particles for photodegra- dation of dye pollutants under a halogen tungsten lamp 显示文摘 | LI Jianpeng SUN Fengqiang GU Kaiyuan | 2011 | Appl Catal A:Gen2011,406,: | 1 |
| 20 | An improved robust fuzzy-PID controller with optimal fuzzy reasoning 显示文摘 | Li Hanxiong Zhang Lei Cai Kaiyuan | 2005 | IEEE Trans on Systems Man and Cybernetics2005,35,6: | 1 |