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| 1 | The Reference Genome of Tea Plant and Resequencing of 81 Diverse Accessions Provide Insights into Its Genome Evolution and Adaptation显示文摘Tea plant is an important economic crop,which is used to produce the world's oldest and most widely consumed tea beverages.Here,we present a high-quality reference genome assembly of the tea plant(Camellia sinensis var.sinensis)consisting of 15 pseudo-chromosomes.LTR retrotransposons(LTR-RTs)account for 70.38%of the genome,and we present evidence that LTR-RTS play critical roles in genome size expansion and the transcriptional diversification of tea plant genes through preferential insertion in promoter regions and introns.Genes,particularly those coding for terpene biosynthesis pro-teins,associated with tea aroma and stress resistance were significantly amplified through recent tandem duplications and exist as gene clusters in tea plant genome.Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of 81 tea plant accessions with diverse origins revealed three well-differentiated tea plant populations,support-ing the proposition for the southwest origin of the Chinese cultivated tea plant and its later spread to western Asia through introduction.Domestication and modern breeding left significant signatures on hundreds of genes in the tea plant genome,particularly those associated with tea quality and stress resis-tance.The genomic sequences of the reported reference and resequenced tea plant accessions provide valuable resources for future functional genomics study and molecular breeding of improved cul-tivars of tea plants. | Enhua Xia Wei Tong Yan Hou Yanlin An Linbo Chen Qiong Wu Yunlong Liu Jie Yu Fangdong Li Ruopei Li Penghui Li Huijuan Zhao Ruoheng Ge Jin Huang Ali Inayat Mallano Yanrui Zhang Shengrui Liu Weiwei Deng Chuankui Song Zhaoliang Zhang Jian Zhao Shu Wei Zhengzhu Zhang Tao Xia Chaoling Wei Xiaochun Wan | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，7： | 51 |
| 2 | Relative pollen productivities of typical steppe species in northern China and their potential in past vegetation reconstruction显示文摘The Relative Pollen Productivities(RPPs)of common steppe species are estimated using Extended R-value(ERV)model based on pollen analysis and vegetation survey of 30 surface soil samples from typical steppe area of northern China.Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,Poaceae,Cyperaceae,and Asteraceae are the dominant pollen types in pollen assemblages,reflecting the typical steppe communities well.The five dominant pollen types and six common types(Thalictrum,Iridaceae,Potentilla,Ephedra,Brassicaceae,and Ulmus)have strong wind transport abilities;the estimated Relevant Source Area of Pollen(RSAP)is ca.1000 m when the sediment basin radius is set at 0.5 m.Ulmus,Artemisia,Brassicaceae,Chenopodiaceae,and Thalictrum have relative high RPPs;Poaceae,Cyperaceae,Potentilla,and Ephedra pollen have moderate RPPs;Asteraceae and Iridaceae have low RPPs.The reliability test of RPPs revealed that most of the RPPs are reliable in past vegetation reconstruction.However,the RPPs of Asteraceae and Iridaceae are obviously underestimated,and those of Poaceae,Chenopodiaceae,and Ephedra are either slightly underestimated or slightly overestimated,suggesting that those RPPs should be considered with caution.These RPPs were applied to estimating plant abundances for two fossil pollen spectra(from the Lake Bayanchagan and Lake Haoluku)covering the Holocene in typical steppe area,using the'Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites'(REVEALS)model.The RPPs-based vegetation reconstruction revealed that meadow-steppe dominated by Poaceae,Cyperaceae,and Artemisia plants flourished in this area before 6500–5600 cal yr BP,and then was replaced by present typical steppe. | XU QingHai CAO XianYong TIAN Fang ZHANG ShengRui LI YueCong LI ManYue LI Jie LIU YaoLiang LIANG Jian | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，6： | 13 |
| 3 | Surface pollen assemblages of human-disturbed vegetation and their relationship with vegetation and climate in Northeast China显示文摘Pollen assemblages of 53 surface pollen samples from farmlands and wastelands in Northeast China were analyzed. Tree pollen percentages were usually higher than 30%, with Pinus (26.9%), Quercus (0.9%), Betula (0.9%) and Populus (0.7%) as the major types, and herb pollen percentages were usually higher than 50%, with weedy Poaceae (8.7%), Chenopodiaceae (7.1%), Artemisia (1.9%) and Compositae (3.5%) as the major taxa. Thus, the pollen assemblages were consistent with the regional vegetation compositions. However, there were differences in pollen assemblages among regions, especially among different geomorphological units. For example, in the mountains, there were more types of tree pollen and higher total percentages (average 42%) than in other areas, while cereal pollen percentages were lowest (11.2%). In the hills and high plains, herbs made up more than 60% of the pollens, with cereals (average 53.6%) the dominant type. In the low plains, pollen types were similar to those in the hills and high plains, but total pollen concentrations and the proportion of Concentricystes were much higher, while cereal pollen percentages were slightly lower (average 41.6%). Pollen assemblages in different land use types also differed. For example, in farmland, cereal pollen percentages were more than 40% and Chenopodiaceae was usually less than 2.5%, while in wasteland, weedy Poaceae was usually less than 10% and Chenopodiaceae was usually higher than 25%. Total pollen concentrations in farmland (average 3909 grains/g) were much lower than in wasteland (average 15074 grains/g). Redundancy analysis revealed that pollen assemblages were significantly negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (-0.73) and July mean temperature (-0.81) and significantly positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (0.48), indicating that pollen assemblages in the artificial or human-disturbed vegetation reflect regional climate well. Comparison of pollen assemblages in different areas of northern China showed that pollen concentrations reflect the intensities of human impact to some degree. For example, pollen concentrations decrease as human impacts increase in intensity. The cereal pollen proportions in farmland differed by area. In Northeast China, cereal pollen proportions were distinctly higher than in most other areas of northern China, suggesting differences in planting habits and climate. | LI ManYue LI YueCong XU QingHai PANG RuiMing DING Wei ZHANG ShengRui HE ZhiGuo | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，5： | 10 |
| 4 | A novel procedure for pollen-based quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions and its application in China显示文摘Traditionally, the evaluation of pollen-based quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions focuses on the ability of calibration sets to infer present climatic conditions and/or the similarity between fossil and modern assemblages. Objective criteria for choosing the most appropriate climate parameter(s) to be reconstructed at a specific site are thus lacking. Using a novel approach for testing the statistical significance of a quantitative reconstruction using random environmental data, in combination with the advantageous large environmental gradients, abundant vegetation types and comprehensive modern pollen databases in China, we describe a new procedure for pollen-based quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions. First, the most significant environmental variable controlling the fossil pollen assemblage changes is identified. Second, a calibration set to infer changes in this targeted variable is built up, by limiting the modern ranges of other environmental variables. Finally, the pollen-based quantitative reconstruction is obtained and its statistical significance assessed. This novel procedure was used to reconstruct the mean annual precipitation(Pann) from Gonghai Lake in the Lvliang Mountains, and Tianchi Lake in the Liupan Mountains, on the eastern and western fringe of the Chinese Loess Plateau, respectively. Both Pann reconstructions are statistically significant(p<0.001), and a sound and stable correlation relationship exists in their common period, showing a rapid precipitation decrease since 3300 cal yr BP. Thus, we propose that this procedure has great potential for reducing the uncertainties associated with pollen-based quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions in China. | CHEN JianHui LV FeiYa HUANG XiaoZhong H.John B.BIRKS Richard J.TELFORD ZHANG ShengRui XU QingHai ZHAO Yan WANG HaiPeng ZHOU AiFeng HUANG Wei LIU JianBao WEI GuoYing | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，11： | 6 |
| 5 | Light absorption properties and potential sources of brown carbon in Fenwei Plain during winter 2018–2019显示文摘A distinctive kind of organic carbon aerosol that could absorb ultraviolet-visible radiation is called brown carbon(Br C),which has an important positive influence on radiative budget and climate change.In this work,we reported the absorption properties and potential source of Br C based on a seven-wavelength aethalometer in the winter of 2018–2019 at an urban site of Sanmenxia in Fenwei Plain in central China.Specifically,the mean value of Br C absorption coefficient was 59.6±36.0 Mm^(-1) at 370 nm and contributed 37.7%to total absorption,which made a significant impact on visibility and regional environment.Absorption coefficients of Br C showed double-peak pattern,and Br C had shown small fluctuations under haze days compared with clean days.As for the sources of Br C,Br C absorption coefficients expressed strong correlations with element carbon aerosols and primary organic carbon aerosols,indicating that most of Br C originated from primary emissions.The linear correlations between trace metal elements(K,As,Fe,Mn,Zn,and Pb)and Br C absorption coefficients further referred that the major sources of Br C were primary emissions,like coal burning,biomass burning,and vehicle emissions.The moderate relationship between Br C absorption coefficients and secondary organic aerosols suggested that secondary production of Br C also played an important role.The 120 hr backward air mass trajectories analysis and concentration-weighted trajectories analysis were also used to investigate potential sources of Br C in and around this area,which inferred most parts of Br C were derived from local emissions. | Wenyu Zhang Weigang Wang Jie Li Shuangliang Ma Chaofan Lian Kun Li Bo Shi Mingyuan Liu Yanyu Li QingQing Wang Yele Sun Shengrui Tong Maofa Ge | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，4： | 6 |
| 6 | Review of Chinese atmospheric science research over the past 70 years: Atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment显示文摘Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago,the subject of atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment has developed rapidly in China,providing important support for the development of atmospheric science and guarantee for the development of national economy.In this paper,the general advancement of atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment in last 70 years was described.The main research progress of atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment in the past 40 years of reform and opening-up was reviewed,the outstanding research achievements since the 21 st century were summarized,the major problems and challenges are pointed out,and the key directions and suggestions for future development are put forward. | Tijian WANG Taichang GAO Hongsheng ZHANG Maofa GE Hengchi LEI Peichang ZHANG Peng ZHANG Chunsong LU Chao LIU Hua ZHANG Qiang ZHANG Hong LIAO Haidong KAN Zhaozhong FENG Yijun ZHANG Xiushu QIE Xuhui CAI Mengmeng LI Lei LIU Shengrui TONG | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，12： | 5 |
| 7 | Profiling of seed fatty acid composition in 1025 Chinese soybean accessions from diverse ecoregions显示文摘The stability of soybean(Glycine max L.Merrill)oil is determined mainly by its fatty acid(FA)composition.We evaluated the FA composition of 1025 Chinese soybean accessions collected from diverse ecoregions and grown in multiple locations and years.We observed highly significant differences(P<0.001)between accessions in palmitic acid(PA),stearic acid(SA),oleic acid(OA),linoleic acid(LA),and linolenic acid(LNA)contents.Growth year affected(P<0.001)the abundance of all FAs except PA.The mean PA,SA,OA,LA,and LNA contents were 12.2%,3.8%,21.5%,54.2%,and 8.3%,respectively.The geographical origin of the accession influenced seed FA composition,indicating that accessions originating in each ecoregion tend to have distinct FA composition.We observed significant positive correlations among the three locations and between the two years,suggesting the high heritability and stability of individual accessions across contrasting environments.We also observed a relatively high negative correlation between the contents of OA and both LA and LNA(r=-0.90 and-0.59,respectively,each significant at P<0.001),providing a potential entry point for developing strains producing oil with higher OA and lower LA and LNA levels.These would be appropriate for specialized use in the food industry.Our results will be useful in breeding soybean with improved quality to meet human nutritional and industrial needs. | Ahmed M.Abdelghany Shengrui Zhang Muhammad Azam Abdulwahab S.Shaibu Yue Feng Yanfei Li Yu Tian Huilong Hong Bin Li Junming Sun | 2020 | The Crop Journal2020，8，4： | 4 |
| 8 | Kinetic study of the gas-phase reaction of O3 with three unsaturated alcohols显示文摘Rate constants for the reactions of ozone with 1-octen-3-ol, 1-nonen-3-ol and 1-nonen-4-ol have been determined at 298 ± 1 K and atmospheric pressure for the first time. The experiments were performed in a 100-L FEP Teflon film bag using absolute rate method; the rate constants were(1.91 ± 0.19) × 10^(-17),(1.89 ± 0.20) × 10^(-17), and(0.83 ± 0.08) × 10^(-17)cm^3/(molecule·sec) for 1-octen-3-ol, 1-nonen-3-ol, and 1-nonen-4-ol, respectively. The rate constants have been compared with those of unsaturated alcohols structural homologs, and used to estimate the reaction reactivity. The electronegativity of carbon–carbon double bond was calculated by atomic charges analysis. The calculated results show that the electronic effect of the lone pair electrons of hydroxyl oxygen is the main cause of the difference in rate coefficient. According to the obtained rate constants, the atmospheric lifetimes of studied unsaturated alcohols were also estimated, which indicates that the reaction with ozone is an important loss pathway in the atmosphere, especially in polluted areas. | Weiran Li Yi Chen Shengrui Tong Yucong Guo Yunhong Zhang Maofa Ge | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，9： | 4 |
| 9 | Spatial patterns of vegetation and climate in the North China Plain during the Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene climatic optimum显示文摘Reconstructing the spatial patterns of regional climate and vegetation during specific intervals in the past is important for assessing the possible responses of the ecological environment under future global warming scenarios. In this study, we reconstructed the history of regional vegetation and climate based on six radiocarbon-dated pollen records from the North China Plain. Combining the results with existing pollen records, we reconstruct the paleoenvironment of the North China Plain during the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) and the Holocene Climatic Optimum(HCO). The results show that changes in the regional vegetation since the LGM were primarily determined by climatic conditions, the geomorphic landscape and by human activity.During the LGM, the climate was cold and dry;mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest and deciduous-evergreen broadleaf forest developed in the southern mountains, and cold-resistant coniferous forest and mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest were present in the northern mountains. The forest cover was relatively low, with mesophytic and hygrophilous meadow occupying the southern part of the plain, and temperate grassland and desert steppe were distributed in the north;Chenopodiaceae-dominated halophytes grew on the exposed continental shelf of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. During the HCO, the climate was warm and wet;deciduous broadleaf forest and deciduous-evergreen broadleaf forest, with subtropical species, developed in the southern mountains, and deciduous broadleaf forest with thermophilic species was present in northern mountains. Although the degree of forest cover was greater than during the LGM, the vegetation of the plain area was still dominated by herbs, while halophytes had migrated inland due to sea level rise. In addition, the expansion of human activities, especially the intensification of cultivation,had a significant influence on the natural vegetation. Our results provide data and a scientific basis for paleoclimate modelling and regional carbon cycle assessment in north China, with implications for predicting changes in the ecological environment under future global warming scenarios. | Manyue LI Shengrui ZHANG Qinghai XU Jule XIAO Ruilin WEN | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，8： | 4 |
| 10 | Comparisons of measured nitrous acid(HONO) concentrations in a pollution period at urban and suburban Beijing, in autumn of 2014显示文摘To study the HONO formation mechanisms during a pollution period, a continuous measurement was performed in both urban and suburban aeras of Beijing. During this period, the PM2.5 concentrations increased to 201 and 137 ?g/m3 in urban and suburban areas, respectively. The concentrations of HONO, CO, SO2, O3, NO, NO2, NOx were 1.45 ppbv, 0.61 ppmv, 8.7 ppbv, 4.3 ppbv, 44.4 ppbv, 37.4 ppbv, 79.4 ppbv and 0.72 ppbv, 1.00 ppmv, 1.2 ppbv, 7.9 ppbv, 3.7 ppbv, 8.2 ppbv, 11.9 ppbv, in urban and suburban areas, respectively. To compare possible pathways of HONO formation in both sites, the contributions of direct emissions, heterogeneous formations, and homogeneous productions were studied. HONO/NO2 ratios in the two sites indicated that heterogeneous reactions of NO2 were more efficient in suburban areas. And in both urban and suburban areas, the increase of PM2.5 concentrations and RH would promote the conversion efficiency in RH that ranged from 0% to 85%. However, when RH was above 85%, the HONO formation slowed down. Moreover, the study of direct emissions and homogeneous reactions showed that they contributed to a majority of HONO increase in urban areas than the 20% contributions in suburban areas. It implied that the high NOx concentrations and NO concentrations in urban areas or in pollution periods would make direct emissions and homogeneous reactions become dominant in HONO formations. | Shengrui Tong Siqi Hou Ying Zhang Biwu Chu Yongchun Liu Hong He Pusheng Zhao Maofa Ge | 2015 | Science China Chemistry2015，58，9： | 3 |
| 11 | Safety impacts of red light running photo enforcement at urban signalized intersections显示文摘Red light running at signalized intersections is a major safety concern in the United States.Statistics showthat approximately 45 percent of crashes at intersections caused by red light running result in severe injuries and fatalities,while only approximately 30 percent of all other types of intersection crashes cause injuries or fatalities. Over the past decade,many US cities and counties have deployed red light running photo enforcement systems for signalized intersections within their jurisdictions to potentially reduce red light running related crashes. This study proposes an empirical Bayesian( EB)before-after analysis method that computes a weighed sumof crashes observed in the field and crashes predicted by safety performance functions( SPFs) to mitigate regression-to-mean biases for analyzing crash reduction effects of red light running enforcement. The analysis explicitly considers red light running related crash types,including head-on,rear-end,angle,turning,sideswipe in the same direction,and sideswipe in the opposite direction; and crash severity levels classified as fatal,injury,and property damage only( PDO). A computational study is conducted to examine the effectiveness of the Chicago programwith red light running photo enforcement systems deployed for nearly two hundred signalized intersections. It is revealed that the use of red light running photo enforcement on the whole is positive,as demonstrated by reductions in all types of fatal crashes by 4-48 percent,and injury-related angle crashes by 1 percent. However,it slightly raises PDO-related angle crashes and moderately increases injury and PDO related rear-end crashes. The safety effectiveness of red light running photo enforcement is sensitive to intersection location. | Yongdoo Lee Zongzhi Li Shengrui Zhang Arash M.Roshandeh Harshingar Patel Yi Liu | 2014 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2014，1，5： | 3 |
| 12 | Identification of novel QTL associated with soybean isoflavone content显示文摘Soybean isoflavones are essential secondary metabolites synthesized in the phenylpropanoid pathway and benefit human health. In the present study, highresolution QTL mapping for isoflavone components was performed using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq) with a recombinant inbred line(RIL) population(F5:7) derived from a cross between two cultivated soybean varieties, Luheidou 2(LHD2) and Nanhuizao(NHZ). Using a high-density genetic map comprising 3541 SLAF markers and the isoflavone contents of soybean seeds in the 200 lines in four environments, 24 stable QTL were identified for isoflavone components, explaining 4.2%–21.2% of phenotypic variation.Of these QTL, four novel stable QTL(qG8, qMD19, qMG18, and qTIF19) were identified for genistin, malonyldaidzin, malonylgenistin, and total isoflavones, respectively. Gene annotation revealed three genes involved in isoflavone biosynthesis(Gm4CL, GmIFR, and GmCHR) and 13 MYB-like genes within genomic regions corresponding to stable QTL intervals, suggesting candidate genes underlying these loci. Nine epistatic QTL were identified for isoflavone components, explaining 4.7%–15.6% of phenotypic variation. These results will facilitate understanding the genetic basis of isoflavone accumulation in soybean seeds. The stable QTL and tightly linked SLAF markers may be used for markerassisted selection in soybean breeding programs. | Ruili Pei Jingying Zhang Ling Tian Shengrui Zhang Fenxia Han Shurong Yan Lianzheng Wang Bin Li Junming Sun | 2018 | The Crop Journal2018，6，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Study on growing thick AlGaN layer on c-plane sapphire substrate and free-standing GaN substrate显示文摘In this study,the thick AlGaN epilayers have been grown on the c-plane sapphire substrate and the free-standing GaN substrate using low-temperature AlN nucleation layers by low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition(LPMOCVD).High resolution X-ray diffraction(HRXRD),atom force microscopy(AFM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),photoluminescence(PL) and Raman scattering measurements have been employed to study the crystal quality,threading dislocation density,surface morphology,optical properties and phonon properties of thick AlGaN epifilms.The results indicate that AlGaN epifilms crystal quality can be improved greatly when grown on the free-standing GaN substrate.We calculated the threading dislocation density and found that thick AlGaN epifilm grown on the free-standing GaN substrate is much lower in total threading dislocation density than that grown on the sapphire substrate,although the surface morphology is rougher than that of sapphire substrate. | WANG DangHui ZHOU Hao ZHANG JinCheng XU ShengRui ZHANG LinXia MENG FanNa AI Shan HAO Yue | 2012 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2012，55，12： | 3 |
| 14 | Proton irradiation effects on HVPE GaN显示文摘GaNs grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy(HVPE) were irradiated by protons with different fluences.The changes of surface topography of as-grown and irradiated samples were characterized by atomic force microscopy(AFM).The crystal quality and optical properties of GaN films were examined by the variations of the micro-Raman and photoluminescence(PL) spectra with proton fluence.It was observed that the surface became a little more rough after irradiation.The Raman spectra indicated that the strain of materials and carrier concentration were not affected by the proton injection.The full-width at half-maximum(FWHM) of E 2 high phonon mode narrowed,which was consistent with the FWHM of PL near-band-edge emission(BE).The spectra of yellow luminescence and blue luminescence normalized to the intensity of BE demonstrated a little increase of Ga vacancy and a large decrease of O N,which may be the main reason for the change of optical properties. | LU Ling HAO Yue ZHENG XueFeng ZHANG JinCheng XU ShengRui LIN ZhiYu AI Shan MENG FanNa | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，9： | 2 |
| 15 | Mixing of Enriched Lithospheric Mantle-Derived and Crustal Magmas: Evidence from the Habo Cenozoic Porphyry in Western Yunnan显示文摘New zircon U–Pb ages, whole-rock geochemistry and zircon Hf isotopes from the Habo porphyry Western Yunnan, China, were determined to provide constraints on the timing of uplift of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau. The intrusive rocks consist of shoshonitic porphyry(syenite porphyry and monzonite porphyry). Zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICPMS) U–Pb dating indicates coeval emplacement ages of ~35 Ma. The porphyries have alkaline affinities, enrichment in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs) and light rare earth elements(LREEs)(e.g., Rb, Th, U, Pb), with depletion of high field strength elements(HFSEs)(e.g., Nb, Ti, Ta) and weak Eu anomalies. They display uniform Lu–Hf isotopic compositions with negative zircon εHf(t) values ranging from-3.9 to-0.6. The chemical characteristics of the syenite porphyries indicated that they most likely originated from the lower crust, with mantle-derived material involved in their generation. Geochemically, the monzonite porphyries are similar to the syenite porphyries; however, the lower MgO contents suggest that they were produced by different degrees of partial melting of the same lower crust source. Combined with the geochemical and isotopic data in this paper, imply that the alkali-rich porphyries of the Habo polymetallic deposit were derived from the partial melting of lower crust, enriched by mantle magma, formed in a conversion stage from stress extrusion(a strike-slip shear process) to local stress relaxation(a strike-slip pull-apart process) at the Ailaoshao tectonic zone. | XIA Bin LU Ye YUAN Yajuan CHEN Weiyan ZHANG Xiao XU Chi YU Shengrui WAN Zhifeng | 2018 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2018，92，5： | 2 |
| 16 | Investigation of β-Ga2O3 films and β-Ga2O3/GaN heterostructures grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition显示文摘In this work,(-201)β-Ga2O3 films are grown on GaN substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD).It is revealed that theβ-Ga2O3 film grown on GaN possesses superior crystal quality,material homogeneity and surface morphology than the results of common heteroepitaxialβ-Ga2O3 film based on sapphire substrate.Further,the relevance between the crystal quality of epitaxialβ-Ga2O3 film and theβ-Ga2O3/GaN interface behavior is investigated.Transmission electron microscopy result indicates that the interface atom refactoring phenomenon is beneficial to relieve the mismatch strain and improve the crystal quality of subsequentβ-Ga2O3 film.Moreover,the energy band structure ofβ-Ga2O3/GaN heterostructure grown by MOCVD is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and a large conduction band offset of 0.89 eV is obtained.The results in this work not only convincingly demonstrate the advantages ofβ-Ga2O3 films grown on GaN substrate,but also show the great application potential of MOCVDβ-Ga2O3/GaN heterostructures in microelectronic applications. | YaChao Zhang YiFan Li ZhiZhe Wang Rui Guo ShengRui Xu ChuanYang Liu ShengLei Zhao JinCheng Zhang Yue Hao | 2020 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2020，63，11： | 2 |
| 17 | Atmospheric oxidizing capacity in autumn Beijing:Analysis of the O_(3) and PM_(2.5) episodes based on observation-based model显示文摘Atmospheric oxidizing capacity(AOC)is the fundamental driving factors of chemistry process(e.g.,the formation of ozone(O_(3))and secondary organic aerosols(SOA))in the troposphere.However,accurate quantification of AOC still remains uncertainty.In this study,a comprehensive field campaign was conducted during autumn 2019 in downtown of Beijing,where O_(3) and PM_(2.5) episodes had been experienced successively.The observation-based model(OBM)is used to quantify the AOC at O_(3) and PM_(2.5) episodes.The strong intensity of AOC is found at O_(3) and PM2.5 episodes,and hydroxyl radical(OH)is the dominating daytime oxidant for both episodes.The photolysis of O_(3) is main source of OH at O_(3) episode;the photolysis of nitrous acid(HONO)and formaldehyde(HCHO)plays important role in OH formation at PM_(2.5) episode.The radicals loss routines vary according to precursor pollutants,resulting in different types of air pollution.O_(3) budgets and sensitivity analysis indicates that O_(3) production is transition regime(both VOC and NOx-limited)at O3 episode.The heterogeneous reaction of hydroperoxy radicals(HO_(2))on aerosol surfaces has significant influence on OH and O_(3) production rates.The HO_(2) uptake coefficient(γHO_(2))is the determining factor and required accurate measurement in real atmospheric environment.Our findings could provide the important bases for coordinated control of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) pollution. | Chenhui Jia Shengrui Tong Xinran Zhang Fangjie Li Wenqian Zhang Weiran Li ZhenWang Gen Zhang Guiqian Tang Zirui Liu Maofa Ge | 2023 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2023，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | RO_(x) Budgets and O_(3) Formation during Summertime at Xianghe Suburban Site in the North China Plain显示文摘Photochemical smog characterized by high concentrations of ozone(O_(3)) is a serious air pollution issue in the North China Plain(NCP)region,especially in summer and autumn.For this study,measurements of O_(3),nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),volatile organic compounds(VOCs),carbon monoxide(CO),nitrous acid(HONO),and a number of key physical parameters were taken at a suburban site,Xianghe,in the NCP region during the summer of 2018 in order to better understand the photochemical processes leading to O_(3)formation and find an optimal way to control O_(3)pollution.Here,the radical chemistry and O_(3)photochemical budget based on measurement data from 1−23 July using a chemical box model is investigated.The daytime(0600−1800 LST)average production rate of the primary radicals referred to as RO_(x)(OH+HO2+RO2)is 3.9 ppbv h−1.HONO photolysis is the largest primary RO_(x)source(41%).Reaction of NO2+OH is the largest contributor to radical termination(41%),followed by reactions of RO2+NO2(26%).The average diurnal maximum O_(3)production and loss rates are 32.9 ppbv h−1 and 4.3 ppbv h−1,respectively.Sensitivity tests without the HONO constraint lead to decreases in daytime average primary RO_(x)production by 55%and O_(3)photochemical production by 42%,highlighting the importance of accurate HONO measurements when quantifying the RO_(x)budget and O_(3)photochemical production.Considering heterogeneous reactions of trace gases and radicals on aerosols,aerosol uptake of HO2 contributes 11%to RO_(x)sink,and the daytime average O_(3)photochemical production decreases by 14%.The O_(3)-NO_(x)-VOCs sensitivity shows that the O_(3)production at Xianghe during the investigation period is mainly controlled by VOCs. | Min XUE Jianzhong MA Guiqian TANG Shengrui TONG Bo HU Xinran ZHANG Xinru LI Yuesi WANG | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，7： | 2 |
| 19 | Water uptake of multicomponent organic mixtures and their influence on hygroscopicity of inorganic salts显示文摘The hygroscopic behaviors of atmospherically relevant multicomponent water soluble organic compounds(WSOCs) and their effects on ammonium sulfate(AS) and sodium chloride were investigated using a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer(HTDMA) in the relative humidity(RH) range of 5%–90%. The measured hygroscopic growth was compared with predictions from the Extended-Aerosol Inorganics Model(E-AIM) and Zdanovskii–Stokes–Robinson(ZSR) method. The equal mass multicomponent WSOCs mixture containing levoglucosan, succinic acid, phthalic acid and humic acid showed gradual water uptake without obvious phase change over the whole RH range. It was found that the organic content played an important role in the water uptake of mixed particles.When organic content was dominant in the mixture(75%), the measured hygroscopic growth was higher than predictions from the E-AIM or ZSR relation, especially under high RH conditions. For mass fractions of organics not larger than 50%, the hygroscopic growth of mixtures was in good agreement with model predictions. The influence of interactions between inorganic and organic components on the hygroscopicity of mixed particles was related to the salt type and organic content. These results could contribute to understanding of the hygroscopic behaviors of multicomponent aerosol particles. | Yuanyuan Wang Bo Jing Yucong Guo Junling Li Shengrui Tong Yunhong Zhang Maofa Ge | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Environmental magnetic studies of sediment cores from Gonghai Lake: implications for monsoon evolution in North China during the late glacial and Holocene显示文摘 | Fahu Chen Jianbao Liu Qinghai Xu Yuecong Li Jianhui Chen Haitao Wei Qingsong Liu Zongli Wang Xianyong Cao Shengrui Zhang | 2013 | Journal of Paleolimnology2013，，3： | 1 |
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