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| 1 | KaKs_Calculator:Calculating Ka and Ks Through Model Selection and Model Averaging显示文摘KaKs_Calculator is a software package that calculates nonsynonymous (Ka) andsynonymous (Ks) substitution rates through model selection and model averag-ing. Since existing methods for this estimation adopt their specific mutation(substitution) models that consider different evolutionary features, leading todiverse estimates, KaKs Calculator implements a set of candidate models in amaximum likelihood framework and adopts the Akaike information criterion tomeasure fitness between models and data, aiming to include as many featuresas needed for accurately capturing evolutionary information in protein-coding se-quences. In addition, several existing methods for calculating Ka and Ks arealso incorporated into this software. KaKs Calculator, including source codes,compiled executables, and documentation, is freely available for academic use athttp://gffzz5c65aa98f6514e89hn5f5u5vub9bv60kf.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/software.htm. | Zhang Zhang Jun Li Xiao-Qian Zhao Jun Wang Gane Ka-Shu Wong Jun Yu | 2006 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2006，4，4： | 86 |
| 2 | Apoptosis and its relationship with cell proliferation,p53,Waf1p21,bcl-2 and c-mycin esophageal carcinogenesis studied with a high-risk population in northern China显示文摘Apoptosisanditsrelationshipwithcelproliferation,p53,Waf1p21,bcl2andcmycinesophagealcarcinogenesisstudiedwithahighriskpopul... | WANG LiDong1, ZHOU Qi1, WEI JunPing1, YANG WanCai1, ZHAO Xin1, WANG LiXia1, ZOU Jian Xiang1, GAO ShanShan1, LI YongXin1 and YANG C.S.2Keywords esophageal neoplasms apoptosis precancerous lesions Waf1 p21 gene p53 | 1998 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1998，4，4： | 295 |
| 3 | Outline of the Report on Cardiovascular Disease in China,2010显示文摘Major and profound changes have taken place in China over the past 30 years.Rapid socioeconomic progress has exerted a great impact on lifestyle,ranging from food,clothing,working and living conditions,and means of transportation to leisure activities and entertainment.At the same time,new health problems have emerged,and health services are facing new challenges.Presently,cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the top health problems of the Chinese people,and pose a serious challenge to all engaged in the prevention and control of these diseases.An epidemic of CVD in China is emerging as a result of lifestyle changes,urbanization and longevity.Both national policy decision-making and medical practice urgently need an authoritative report which comprehensively reflects the trends in the epidemic of CVD and current preventive measures.Since 2005,guided by the Bureau of Disease Prevention of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China and the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China,nationwide experts in the fields of epidemiology,clinical medicine and health economics in the realms of CVD,cerebrovascular disease,diabetes and chronic kidney disease,completed the Report on Cardiovascular Diseases in China every year.The report aims to provide a timely review of the trend of the epidemic and to assess the progress of prevention and control of CVD.In addition,as the report is authoritative,representative and readable,it will become an information platform in the CVD field and an important reference book for government,academic institutes,medical organizations and clinical physicians.This publication is expected to play a positive role in the prevention and control of CVD in China.We present an abstract from the Report on Cardiovascular Diseases in China (2010),including trends in CVD,morbidity and mortality of major CVDs,up-to-date assessment of risk factors,as well as health resources for CVD,and a profile of medical expenditure,with the aim of providing evidence for decision-making in CVD prevention and control programs in China,and of delivering the most authoritative information on CVD prevention and control for all citizens. | HUSheng Shou KONG Ling Zhi GAO Run Lin ZHU Man Lu WANG Wen WANG Yong Jun WU Zhao Su CHEN Wei Wei LIU Ming Bo For the editorial board | 2012 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2012，25，3： | 93 |
| 4 | Mammalian WTAP is a regulatory subunit of the RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase显示文摘包含 methyltransferase 建筑群的象 3 一样的 methyltransferase (METTL3 ) 催化 N6-methyladenosine (m6A ) 形成,一个新奇 epitranscriptomic 标记;然而,这建筑群的性质仍然保持大部分未知。这里,我们报导人的 m6A methyltransferase 建筑群, Wilm 的肿瘤 1 伙伴蛋白质(WTAP ) 和象 14 一样的 methyltransferase (METTL14 ) 的二个新部件。WTAP 与 METTL3 和 METTL14 交往,并且为他们的本地化被要求进在 vivo 与处理因素的 pre-mRNA 并且为 m6A methyltransferase 的催化活动充实的原子点缀。RNA 的多数在 vivo 由 WTAP 和 METTL3 跳了代表包含一致 m6A 主题的 mRNAs。当 WTAP 不在时, METTL3 的 RNA 有约束力的能力强烈被减少,建议 WTAP 可以工作调整到 mRNA 目标的 m6A methyltransferase 建筑群的招募。而且,在有 photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking 和 immunoprecipitation (同等片断) 的联合的 transcriptomic 分析说明那 WTAP 和 METTL3 调整涉及抄写并且 RNA 处理的基因拼接的表示和选择。在 zebrafish 胚胎的调停 Morpholino 的击倒的指向 WTAP 或 METTL3 引起了织物区别缺点并且增加了 apoptosis。这些调查结果提供 WTAP 可以在 m6A methyltransferase 建筑群作为一个规章的子单元工作并且在 RNA 的 epitranscriptomic 规定起一个关键作用的充分证据新陈代谢。 | Xiao-Li Ping Bao-Fa Sun Lu Wang Wen Xiao Xin Yang Wen-Jia Wang Samir Adhikari Yue Shi Ying Lv Yu-Sheng Chen Xu Zhao Ang Li Ying Yang Ujwal Dahal Xiao-Min Lou Xi Liu Jun Huang Wei-Ping Yuan Xiao-Fan Zhu Tao Cheng Yong-Liang Zhao Xinquan Wang Jannie M Rendtlew Danielsen Feng Liu Yun-Gui Yang | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，2： | 244 |
| 5 | Prevalence of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head and its Associated Risk Factors in the Chinese Population: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey显示文摘 | De-Wei Zhao Mang Yu Kai Hu Wei Wang Lei Yang Ben-Jie Wang Xiao-Hong Gao Yong-Ming Guo Yong-Qing Xu Yu-Shan Wei Si-Miao Tian Fan Yang Nan Wang Shi-Bo Huang Hui Xie Xiao-Wei Wei Hai-Shen Jiang Yu-Qiang Zang Jun Ai Yuan-Liang Chen Guang-Hua Lei Yu-Jin Li Geng Tia Zong-Sheng Li Yong Cao Li Ma | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，21： | 151 |
| 6 | The Tea Tree Genome Provides Insights into Tea Flavor and Independent Evolution of Caffeine Biosynthesis显示文摘茶是世界有巨大的经济、药用、文化的重要性的最旧、很流行的包含咖啡因的饮料。这里,我们在场第一个高质量的核苷酸序列充满重复(80.9%) ,栽培的茶树山茶 sinensis 的 3.02-Gb 染色体。我们证明茶树的一种非常地大的染色体尺寸从一些 LTR retrotransposon 家庭的慢、稳定、长期的扩大被结果。除了一个最近的整个染色体的复制事件,基因的系特定的扩大把新陈代谢的生合成与 flavonoid 联系了被发现,它提高 catechin 生产,萜烯酶激活,和应力公差,为茶风味和改编的重要特征。我们相对可可子和咖啡表明一个独立人士和茶咖啡因合成小径的快速的进化。在 25 山茶种类之中的比较研究表明那更高的表情大多数 flavonoid- 和咖啡因铺平 -- 然而并非 theanine 相关的基因贡献 catechins 和咖啡因的增加的生产并且因此提高处理茶的适用性和茶质量。这些新奇调查结果为进一步的 metabolomic 和典型生合成小径的功能的 genomic 精炼铺平道路并且将帮助开发将最后满足并且吸引世界范围的更多的茶喝酒者的茶风味的一个更多样化的集合。 | En-Hua Xia Hai-Bin Zhang Jun Sheng Kui Li Qun-Jie Zhang Changhoon Kim Yun Zhang Yuan Liu Ting Zhu Wei Li Hui Huang Yan Tong Hong Nan Cong Shi Chao Shi Jian-Jun Jiang Shu-Yan Mao Jun-Ying Jiao Dan Zhang Yuan Zhao You-Jie Zhao Li-Ping Zhang Yun-Long Liu Ben-Ying Liu Yue Yu Sheng-Fu Shao De-Jiang Ni Evan E. Eichler Li-Zhi Gao | 2017 | Molecular Plant2017，10，6： | 113 |
| 7 | Stable classi?cation with limited sample: transferring a 30-m resolution sample set collected in 2015 to mapping 10-m resolution global land cover in 2017显示文摘As the world strives to reduce the impact of population growth, urbanization, agricultural expansion, and climate change on food security, energy and water shortage, resource over-exploration, biodiversity loss, environmental pollution, and ultimately human health, timely and higher resolution land cover information is urgently needed to achieve the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. | Peng Gong Han Liu Meinan Zhang Congcong Li Jie Wang Huabing Huang Nicholas Clinton Luyan Ji Wenyu Li Yuqi Bai Bin Chen Bing Xu Zhiliang Zhu Cui Yuan Hoi Ping Suen Jing Guo Nan Xu Weijia Li Yuanyuan Zhao Jun Yang Chaoqing Yu Xi Wang Haohuan Fu Le Yu Iryna Dronova Fengming Hui Xiao Cheng Xueli Shi Fengjin Xiao Qiufeng Liu Lianchun Song | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，6： | 166 |
| 8 | Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury显示文摘The outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan,Hubei province,and rapidly spread to many provinces in China as well as other countries.Here we report the epidemiological,clinical,laboratory,and radiological characteristics,as well as potential biomarkers for predicting disease severity in 2019-nCoV-infected patients in Shenzhen,China.All 12 cases of the 2019-nCoV-infected patients developed pneumonia and half of them developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).The most common laboratory abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia,lymphopenia,decreased percentage of lymphocytes (LYM) and neutrophils (NEU),elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),and decreased CD8 count.The viral load of 2019-nCoV detected from patient respiratory tracts was positively linked to lung disease severity.ALB,LYM,LYM (%),LDH,NEU (%),and CRP were highly correlated to the acute lung injury.Age,viral load,lung injury score,and blood biochemistry indexes,albumin (ALB),CRP,LDH,LYM (%),LYM,and NEU (%),may be predictors of disease severity.Moreover,the Angiotensin Ⅱlevel in the plasma sample from 2019-nCoV infected patients was markedly elevated and linearly associated to viral load and lung injury.Our results suggest a number of potential diagnosis biomarkers and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs for potential repurposing treatment of 2019-nCoV infection. | Yingxia Liu Yang Yang Cong Zhang Fengming Huang Fuxiang Wang Jing Yuan Zhaoqin Wang Jinxiu Li Jianming Li Cheng Feng Zheng Zhang Lifei Wang Ling Peng Li Chen Yuhao Qin Dandan Zhao Shuguang Tan Lu Yin Jun Xu Congzhao Zhou Chengyu Jiang Lei Liu | 2020 | Science China(Life Sciences)2020，63，3： | 157 |
| 9 | Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials显示文摘Metamaterials are artificial structures that are usually described by effective medium parameters on the macroscopic scale,and these metamaterials are referred to as‘analog metamaterials’.Here,we propose‘digital metamaterials’through two steps.First,we present‘coding metamaterials’that are composed of only two types of unit cells,with 0 and p phase responses,which we name‘0’and‘1’elements,respectively.By coding‘0’and‘1’elements with controlled sequences(i.e.,1-bit coding),we can manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves and realize different functionalities.The concept of coding metamaterials can be extended from 1-bit coding to 2-bit coding or higher.In 2-bit coding,four types of unit cells,with phase responses of 0,p/2,p,and 3p/2,are required to mimic the‘00’,‘01’,‘10’and‘11’elements,respectively.The 2-bit coding has greater freedom than 1-bit coding for controlling EM waves.Second,we propose a unique metamaterial particle that has either a‘0’or‘1’response controlled by a biased diode.Based on this particle,we present‘digital metamaterials’with unit cells that possess either a‘0’or‘1’state.Using a field-programmable gate array,we realize digital control over the digital metamaterial.By programming different coding sequences,a single digital metamaterial has the ability to manipulate EM waves in different manners,thereby realizing‘programmable metamaterials’.The above concepts and physical phenomena are confirmed through numerical simulations and experiments using metasurfaces. | Tie Jun Cui Mei Qing Qi Xiang Wan Jie Zhao Qiang Cheng | 2014 | Light(Science & Applications)2014，3，1： | 130 |
| 10 | DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CESAREAN SCAR PREGNANCY显示文摘Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy(CSP).Methods Clinical data of 28 patients with CSP in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1994 to April 2007,including age,interval from the last cesarean delivery to diagnosis,clinical presentation,location of the lesion,process of diagnosis and treatment,outcome,and follow-up,were retrospectively analyzed.Results CSP constituted 1.05% of all ectopic pregnancies,and the ratio of CSP to pregnancy was 1∶1221.The mean age of the group was 31.4 years.Twenty-six women had only one prior cesarean delivery.The interval from the last cesarean delivery to diagnosis ranged from 4 months to 15 years.The most common presenting symptoms of CSP were amenorrhoea and vaginal bleeding.Seventeen cases were misdiagnosed as early intrauterine pregnancies and 2 were misdiagnosed as gestational trophoblastic tumor.The other 9 were diagnosed definitely before treatment.The diagnosis was made based on cesarean delivery history,gynecologic examination,ultrasound,and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The treatment of CSP included systemic or local methotrexate administration,conservative surgery,and hysterectomy.The conservative treatment was successful in 24 cases.All of the 28 women were cured through individual therapies.Conclusions CSP is rare and usually misdiagnosed as other diseases.Ultrasound is valuable for diagnosing CSP,and MRI can be used as an adjunct to ultrasound scan.Early diagnosis offers the options of conservative treatment and greatly improves the outcome of patients.Individual therapy is strongly recommended. | Lan-zhou Jiao Jun Zhao Xi-run Wan Xin-yan Liu Feng-zhi Feng Tong Ren Yang Xiang | 2008 | Chinese Medical Sciences Journal2008，23，1： | 65 |
| 11 | Efficient generation of hepatocyte-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells显示文摘人的导致的 pluripotent 茎(iPS ) 房间类似于胚胎的茎(ES ) 房间,和罐头强烈地增殖并且区分进许多房间类型。然而,人的 iPS 房间的肝的区别还没被报导了。在这份报告,人的 iPS 房间被导致由一个逐步的协议区分进肝的房间。肝房间标记的表达式和人的 iPS 的肝相关的函数导出房间的房间被监视并且与区分的人的 ES 房间和主要人的 hepatocytes 的相比。在白天 7 点的约 60% 区分的人的 iPS 房间表示了肝的标记 alpha fetoprotein 和白长袍的。在白天 21 点的区分的房间包括白朊 Asecretion,肝糖合成,脲生产和可诱导的细胞色素 P450 活动展出了肝房间功能。肝的标记的表示和 iPS 的肝相关的功能导出房间的肝的房间比得上人的 ES 导出房间的肝的房间的。这些结果证明人的 iPS 房间,类似于人的 ES 房间,能高效地被导致区分房间进象 hepatocyte 一样。 | Zhihua Song Jun Cai Yanxia Liu Dongxin Zhao Jun Yong Shuguang Duo Xijun Song Yushan Guo Yang Zhao Han Qin Xiaolei Yin Chen Wu Jie Che Shichun Lu Mingxiao Ding Hongkui Deng | 2009 | Cell Research2009，19，11： | 63 |
| 12 | Analysis of in vivo patterns of caspase 3 gene expression in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship to p21^(WAF1) expression and hepatic apoptosis显示文摘AIM To detect the expression of caspase 3gene in primary human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and investigate its relationship to p21WAF1gene expression and HCC apoptosis.METHODS In situ hybridization was employedto determine caspase 3 and p21WAF1expression inHCC.In situ end-labeling was used to detecthepatocytic apoptosis in HCC.RESULTS Twenty-one of 39(53.8%)cases ofHCC were found to express caspase 3transcripts,while 45.2% of HCC failed toexpress caspase 3.Non-cancerous adjacent livertissues showed more positive caspase 3(87.5%,7/8)as compared with HCC(P<0.05).The expression of caspase 3 is correlated withHCC differentiation,72.2%(13/18)ofmoderately to highly differentiated HCC showedcaspase 3 transcripts positive,while only 38.1%of poorly differentiated HCC harbored caspase 3transcripts(P<0.05).No relationship wasfound between caspase 3 expression and tumorsize or grade or metastasis,although 52.5%(5/8)of HCC with metastasis were caspase 3positive and a little higher than that with nometastasis(51.6%,P>0.05).Expression of caspase 3 alone did not affect the apoptosisindex(AI)of HCC.The AI was 7.12%o in caspase3-positive tumors(n=21),while in caspase 3-negative cases(n=18)6.59%0(P>0.05).Expression of caspase 3 clearly segregated withp21WAF1positive tumors as compared withp21WAF1-negative cases(16 of 23,69.6% versus5 of 16,31.3%)with statistical significance(P=0.017).In the cases with positive caspase 3and negative p21WAF1,the Al was found slightlyhigher,but with no statistical significance,thanthat with expression of p21WAF1and caspase 3(7.21‰ vs 6.98‰,P>0.05).CONCLUSION Loss of caspase 3 expressionmay contribute to HCC carcinogenesis,althoughthe expression of caspase 3 does not correlatewell with cell apoptosis in HCC.p21WAF1may bemerely one of the inhibitors which can reducecaspase 3 mediated cell apoptosis in HCCs. | Bao Hua Sun Jun Zhang Bao JǜWang Xi Ping Zhao You Kun Wang Zhi Qun Yu Dong Liang Yang Lian Jie Hao Department of Clinical Immunology,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical University,Wuhan 430030,Hubei Province,China | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，3： | 65 |
| 13 | Multiple genetic alterations and behavior of cellular biology in gastric cancer and other gastric mucosal lesions:H.pylori infection,histological types and staging显示文摘AIM To investigate the expression of multiplegenes and the behavior of cellular biology ingastric cancer(GC)and other gastric mucosallesions and their relations to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection,tumor staging andhistological subtypes.METHODS Three hundred and twenty-sevenspecimens of gastric mucosa obtained viaendoscopy or surgical resection,and ABCimmunohistochemical staining were used todetect the expression of p53,p16,Bcl-2 andCOX-2 proteins.H.pylori was determined byrapid urea test combined with pathologicalstaining or14C urea breath test.Cellular image analysis was performed in 66 patients withintestinal metaplasia(IM)and/or dysplasia(Dys).In 30 of them,both cancer and theparacancerous tissues were obtained at the timeof surgery.Histological pattern,tumor staging,lymph node metastasis,grading ofdifferentiation and other clinical data werestudied in the medical records.RESULTS p16 expression of IM or Dys wassignificantly lower in positive H.pylori chronicatrophic gastritis(CAG)than those withnegative H.pylori(CAG:54.8% vs 88.0%,IM:34.4% vs 69.6%,Dys:23.8% vs 53.6%,allP<0.05),Bcl-2 or COX-2 expression of IM orDys in positive H.pylori cases was significantlyhigher than that without H.pylori(Bcl-2:68.8%vs23.9%,90.5% vs 60.7%;COX-2:50.0% vs10.8%,61.8% vs 17.8%;all P<0.05).Themean number of most parameters of cellularimage analysis in positive H.pylori group wassignificantly higher than that in negative H.pylori group(Ellipser:53±14,40±12μm,Area1:748±572,302±202 μm2,Area2:3050±1661,1681±1990 μm2,all P<0.05;Ellipseb:79±23,58±15 μm,Ratio1:22%±5%,13%±4%,Ratio2:79%±17%,53%±20%,all P<0.01).There was significant correlation between Bcl-2and histologic pattern of gastric carcinoma,andbetween COX-2 and tumor staging or lymph nodemetastasis(Bcl-2:75.0% vs 16.7%;COX-2:76.0% vs 20.0%,79.2% vs 16.7%;allP<0.05).CONCLUSION p1l6, Bcl-2, and COX-2 but not p53 gene may play a role in the early genesis/ progression of gastric carcinoma and are associated with H. pylori infection. p53 gene is relatively late event in gastric tumorigenesis and mainly relates to its progression. There is more cellular-biological behavior of malignant tumor in gastric mucosal lesions with H. pylori infection. Aberrant Bcl-2 protein expression appears to be preferentially associated with the intestinal type cancer. COX-2 seems to be related to tumor staging and lymph node metastasis. | Heng Jun Gao Lian Zhen Yu Jian Feng Bai Yan Shen Peng Gu Sun Han Lin Zhao Kun Miu Xiu Zhen Lü Xiao Yong Zhang Zhi Quan Zhao | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，6： | 52 |
| 14 | Factors predicting occurrence and prognosis of hepatitis-B-virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Primary liver cancer is an important cause of cancer death,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) accounts for 70%-85% of total liver cancer worldwide.Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection contributes to > 75% of HCC cases.High serum viral load is the most reliable indicator of viral replication in predicting development of HCC.HBV genotype C is closely associated with HCC in cirrhotic patients aged > 50 years,whereas genotype B is associated with development of HCC in non-cirrhotic young patients and postoperative relapse of HCC.Different HBV subgenotypes have distinct patterns of mutations,which are clearly associated with increased risk of HCC.Mutations accumulate during chronic HBV infection and predict occurrence of HCC.Chronic inflammation leads to increased frequency of viral mutation via cellular cytidine deaminase induction.Mutations are negatively selected by host immunity,whereas some immuno-escaped HBV mutants are active in hepatocarcinogenesis.Inflammatory pathways contribute to the inflammation-necrosis-regeneration process,ultimately HCC.Their hallmark molecules can predict malignancy in HBV-infected subjects.Continuing inflammation is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and closely related to recurrence and metastasis.HBV load,genotype C,viral mutations and expression of inflammatory molecules in HBV-related HCC tissues are significantly associated with poor prognosis.Imbalance between intratumoral CD8+ T cells and regulatory T cells or Th1 and Th2 cytokines in peritumoral tissues can predict prognosis of HBV-related HCC.These factors are important for developing active prevention and surveillance of HBV-infected subjects who are more likely to develop HCC,or for tailoring suitable treatment to improve survival or postpone postoperative recurrence of HCC. | Yi-Fang Han Jun Zhao Li-Ye Ma Jian-Hua Yin Wen-Jun Chang Hong-Wei Zhang Guang-Wen Cao | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，38： | 54 |
| 15 | Mapping wetland changes in China between 1978 and 2008显示文摘Four wetland maps for all China have been produced,based on Landsat and CBERS-02B remote sensing data between 1978 and 2008 (1978,1990,2000 and 2008).These maps were mainly developed by manual interpretation and validated by substantial field investigation in 2009.Based on these maps,we analyzed the 2008 wetland distribution in China and discussed wetland changes and their drivers over the past 30 years.(i) There were about 324097 km 2 of wetlands in 2008,for which inland marshes or swamps were the most common wetland type (35%),with lakes (26%) second.Most of the wetlands were in Heilongjiang,Inner Mongolia,Qinghai and Tibet,occupying about 55% of the national wetland area.(ii) From 1978 to 2008,China's wetland area continually and significantly decreased,by about 33% based on changes in the wetland map.This was in sharp contrast to the increase in artificial wetlands,which increased by about 122%.Inland marshes accounted for the main loss of total wetlands from 1978 to 2000.From 2000 through 2008,riverine and lacustrine wetlands constituted the main wetland loss.Fortunately however,the rate of wetland loss decreased from 5523 to 831 km 2 /a.(iii) The change ratio of lost natural wetlands (including inland and coastal wetlands) to non-wetlands has decreased slightly over the past 30 years.From 1978 to 1990,nearly all natural wetlands (98%) lost were transformed into non-wetlands.However,the ratio declined to 86% from 1990 to 2000,and to 77% from 2000 to 2008.(iv) All Chinese provinces were divided into three groups according to patterns of wetland changes,which could relate to the driving forces of such changes.Tibet was completely different from other provinces,as it was one representative example in which there was a net wetland increase,because of global warming and decreased human activity since 1990.Increased economic development caused considerable wetland loss in most eastern provinces,and artificial wetlands increased. | NIU ZhenGuo ZHANG HaiYing WANG XianWei YAO WenBo ZHOU DeMin ZHAO KuiYi ZHAO Hui LI NaNa HUANG HuaBing LI CongCong YANG Jun LIU CaiXia LIU Shuang WANG Lin LI Zhan YANG ZhenZhong QIAO Fei ZHENG YaoMin CHEN YanLei SHENG YongWei GAO XiaoHong ZHU WeiHong WANG WenQing WANG Hong WENG YongLing ZHUANG DaFang LIU JiYuan LUO ZhiCai CHENG Xiao GUO ZiQi GONG Peng | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，22： | 51 |
| 16 | Nontuberculous mycobacteria: susceptibility pattern and prevalence rate in Shanghai from 2005 to 2008显示文摘疾病的增加的发生由 nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM ) 引起了的背景正在被报导。这研究的目的是从各种各样的临床的标本,和他们的抗菌剂危险性模式决定 NTM 的隔离率,在在上海的一个 4 年的时期上。所有 NTM 在上海肺的医院在 2005 和 2008 之间孤立的方法,在上海的 mycobacteria 肺结核的一个关键实验室,中国,与常规生物化学的测试并且 16S rRNA 基因定序被识别。为所有 NTM 的抗菌剂危险性用 BACTEC MGIT 960 系统被决定。21 221 个标本全部的结果 A 是有教养的,哪个(22.94%) 4868 快种了酸杆菌(AFB ) ,并且(5.09%) 248 AFB 是 NTM。NTM 的流行率在 mycobacteria 文化之中作为 4.26% , 4.70% , 4.96% 和 6.38% 被决定年里的积极样品 2005, 2006, 2007 和 2008 分别地。这些数据显示流行率连续地增加了。NTM 的十六不同的种被识别,在上海的最通常遇到的 NTM 是 M。chelonae (26.7%) ,由 M 列在后面。fortuitum (15.4%) , M。kansasii (14.2%) , M。avium-intracellulare 建筑群(13.1%) 和 M。terrae (6.9%) 。识别的稀罕种类是 M。marinum, M。gastri, M。triviale, M。ulcerans, M。smegmatis, M。phlci, M。gordonae, M。szulgai, M。simiae, M。scrofulaceum 和 M。xenopi。特别地,五最通常识别的 NTM 种显示出高药抵抗到一般反肺结核药 M。chelonae 和 M。fortuitum 看起来是在上海的 NTM 的流行显示出的多药 resistance.Conclusions 在学习的功课上增加的一个趋势。五最通常孤立的 NTM 种显示了高药抵抗首先衬里反肺结核药。 | WANG Hong-xiu YUE Jun HAN Min YANG Jing-hui GAO Rong-liang JING Ling-jie YANG Shu-sheng ZHAO Yan-lin | 2010 | Chinese Medical Journal2010，，2： | 43 |
| 17 | 3-N-butylphthalide improves neuronal morphology after chronic cerebral ischemia显示文摘3-N-butylphthalide is an effective drug for acute ischemic stroke. However, its effects on chronic cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal injury remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study ligated bilateral carotid arteries in 15-month-old rats to simulate chronic cerebral ischemia in aged humans. Aged rats were then intragastrically administered 3-n-butylphthalide. 3-N-butylphthalide administration improved the neuronal morphology in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia, increased choline acetyltransferase activity, and decreased malondialdehyde and amyloid beta levels, and greatly improved cognitive function. These findings suggest that 3-n-butylphthalide alleviates oxidative stress caused by chronic cerebral ischemia, improves cholinergic function, and inhibits amyloid beta accumulation, thereby improving cerebral neuronal injury and cognitive deficits. | Wanhong Zhao Chao Luo Jue Wang Jian Gong Bin Li Yingxia Gong Jun Wang Hanqin Wang | 2014 | Neural Regeneration Research2014，9，7： | 43 |
| 18 | Programmable time-domain digital-coding metasurface for non-linear harmonic manipulation and new wireless communication systems显示文摘Optical non-linear phenomena are typically observed in natural materials interacting with light at high intensities, and they benefit a diverse range of applications from communication to sensing. However,controlling harmonic conversion with high efficiency and flexibility remains a major issue in modern optical and radio-frequency systems. Here, we introduce a dynamic time-domain digital-coding metasurface that enables efficient manipulation of spectral harmonic distribution. By dynamically modulating the local phase of the surface reflectivity, we achieve accurate control of different harmonics in a highly programmable and dynamic fashion, enabling unusual responses, such as velocity illusion. As a relevant application, we propose and realize a novel architecture for wireless communication systems based on the time-domain digital-coding metasurface, which largely simplifies the architecture of modern communication systems, at the same time yielding excellent performance for real-time signal transmission. The presented work, from new concept to new system, opens new pathways in the application of metamaterials to practical technology. | Jie Zhao Xi Yang Jun Yan Dai Qiang Cheng Xiang Li Ning Hua Qi Jun Chen Ke Guo Dong Bai Shuo Liu Shi Jin Andrea Alù Tie Jun Cui | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，2： | 46 |
| 19 | In vitro derivation of functional insulin-producing cells from human embryonic stem cells显示文摘为人的胚胎的茎(ES ) 的自强和区别的能力细胞为对待类型 Idiabetes mellitus 为胰腺的贝它细胞的产生使他们成为潜在的来源。这里,我们报导一最新发展了并且有效方法,在aserum免费的系统执行了,区分进生产胰岛素的 cells.Activin A 的导致的人的 ES 房间它在起始的阶段被使用从人的 EScells 导致权威的内胚叶区别,是由权威的内胚叶标记 Sox17 和 Brachyury.Further 的表示检测了, all-trans retinoic 酸( RA )被用来支持胰腺的区别,由早胰腺的抄写因素 pdx1 和 hlxb9 的表示显示了。在成熟 inDMEM/F12 以后有 bFGF 和菸碱的没有浆液的媒介,区分的房间表示了小岛特定的标记象 C 肽,胰岛素,胰高血糖素和 glut2 那样。百分比 ofC-peptide-positive 房间超过了 15% 。由这些房间的胰岛素和 C 肽的分泌物在葡萄糖层次对应于变化。当移植了进肾的囊时, ofStreptozotocin (STZ ) 对待裸体老鼠,这些区分的人的 ES 房间熬过并且维持贝它房间标记基因的表示包括 C 肽, pdx1, glucokinase, nkx6.1, IAPP, pax6and Tcf1。百分之三十只移植裸体老鼠展出了 stableeuglycemia 的明显的恢复;并且改正的显型被支撑超过六个星期。我们的新方法为学习人的胰开发的机制提供一个有希望的试管内区别模特儿并且说明为类型 Idiabetes mellitus 的处理使用人的 ES 房间的潜力。 | Wei Jiang Yan Shi Dongxin Zhao Song Chen Jun Yong Jing Zhang Tingting Qing Xiaoning Sun Peng Zhang Mingxiao Ding Dongsheng Li Hongkui Deng | 2007 | Cell Research2007，17，4： | 38 |
| 20 | Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of cerebrovascular disorders:executive summary and 2019 update of clinical management of stroke rehabilitation显示文摘Stroke is the third leading cause of long-term disability.Effective stroke rehabilitation should be provided to patients with a moderate or severe stroke so as to achieve functional recovery.Also,stroke rehabilitation is moving towards more intense therapy models that incorporate technologies such as robotics and computer games.Evidence-based guidelines are useful for promoting the best possible clinical practices.This guideline summarises the modes of stroke rehabilitation in China-three-stage rehabilitation network,rehabilitation of stroke dysfunction,training for activities of daily living,stroke complications and rehabilitation care.The aim of this guideline was to provide a synopsis of best clinical practices in the stroke rehabilitation of adult patients in China. | Tong Zhang Jun Zhao Xueping Li Yulong Bai Baojun Wang Yun Qu Bingjie Li Shengjie Zhao Chinese Stroke Association Stroke Council Guideline Writing Committee | 2020 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2020，5，3： | 38 |
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