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| 1 | Time range of Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in eastern North China Block显示文摘An important tectonic inversion took place in eastern North China Block(NCB) during Mesozoic, which caused a great lithosphere thinning, reconstruction of basin-range series, powerful interaction between mantle and crust, a vast granitic intrusion and volcanism, and large-scale metallogenic explosion. The time range of the Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in the eastern North China Block is one of the key issues to understand mechanism of tectonic regime inversion. Our updated results for recognizing the time range are mainly obtained from the following aspects: structural analyses along northern and southern margins of the NCB and within the NCB for revealing tectonic inversion from compression to extension and structural striking from ~EW to NNE; geothermic analyses of the eastern sedimental basins for a great change of thermal history and regime; basin analysis for basin inversion from compression to extension and basin migration from ~EW to NNE; petrological and geochemical studies of volcanic rocks and lowermost crust xenoliths for recognizing peak period of mantle upwelling and intense interaction between mantle and crust, and main metallogenic epoch. All the studies of the above give the same time range from~150-140 Ma to ~110-100Ma, peaking at ~120 Ma. | ZHAI Mingguo ZHU Rixiang LIU Jianming MENG Qingren HOU Quanlin HU Shengbiao LIU Wei LI Zhong ZHANG Hongfu ZHANG Huafeng | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，2： | 89 |
| 2 | Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury显示文摘The outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan,Hubei province,and rapidly spread to many provinces in China as well as other countries.Here we report the epidemiological,clinical,laboratory,and radiological characteristics,as well as potential biomarkers for predicting disease severity in 2019-nCoV-infected patients in Shenzhen,China.All 12 cases of the 2019-nCoV-infected patients developed pneumonia and half of them developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).The most common laboratory abnormalities were hypoalbuminemia,lymphopenia,decreased percentage of lymphocytes (LYM) and neutrophils (NEU),elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),and decreased CD8 count.The viral load of 2019-nCoV detected from patient respiratory tracts was positively linked to lung disease severity.ALB,LYM,LYM (%),LDH,NEU (%),and CRP were highly correlated to the acute lung injury.Age,viral load,lung injury score,and blood biochemistry indexes,albumin (ALB),CRP,LDH,LYM (%),LYM,and NEU (%),may be predictors of disease severity.Moreover,the Angiotensin Ⅱlevel in the plasma sample from 2019-nCoV infected patients was markedly elevated and linearly associated to viral load and lung injury.Our results suggest a number of potential diagnosis biomarkers and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs for potential repurposing treatment of 2019-nCoV infection. | Yingxia Liu Yang Yang Cong Zhang Fengming Huang Fuxiang Wang Jing Yuan Zhaoqin Wang Jinxiu Li Jianming Li Cheng Feng Zheng Zhang Lifei Wang Ling Peng Li Chen Yuhao Qin Dandan Zhao Shuguang Tan Lu Yin Jun Xu Congzhao Zhou Chengyu Jiang Lei Liu | 2020 | Science China(Life Sciences)2020，63，3： | 157 |
| 3 | Normal and disease-related biological functions of Twist1 and underlying molecular mechanisms显示文摘这篇文章在开发,基因疾病和癌症考察分子的结构,表达式模式,生理的函数,病理学的角色和 Twist1 的分子的机制。Twist1 是基本 helix-loop-helix 包含域的抄写因素。以便绑 Nde1 电子盒子元素并且激活或镇压形成 homo-dimers 或 hetero-dimers 它的目标基因。在开发期间, Twist1 为中层说明和区别是必要的。人的 Twist1 基因的异质接合的 loss-of-function 变化包括 Saethre-Chotzen 症候群引起几疾病。Twist1 空的老鼠胚胎与打开的头部的神经试管和有缺点的头间充组织死,体节和手足芽。Twist1 在胸被表示,肝,前列腺,胃并且癌症的另外的类型,和它的表示通常与侵略、变形的癌症显型被联系。在癌症房间, Twist1 是由包括 SRC-1 的多重因素的 upregulated, STAT3, MSX2, HIF-1α,连接 integrin 的 kinase 和 NF-κ B。Twist1 显著地提高上皮间充质的转变(EMT ) 和癌症房间移植和侵略,因此支持癌症转移。Twist1 由直接镇压部分地支持 EMT 由招募的 E-cadherin 表示改变的 nucleosome 和为基因压抑并且由 upregulating Bmi1 的 deacetylase 建筑群, AKT2, YB-1,等等。新兴的证据也建议 Twist1 在扩大和癌症干细胞的化学疗法的抵抗起一个作用。Twist1 由支持 Twist1 功能的调节的人的转移和鉴定的机制的进一步的理解可以为开发新策略禁止 EMT 和癌症转移保持诺言。 | Qian Qin Young Xu Tao He Chunlin Qin Jianming Xu | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，1： | 66 |
| 4 | Lake eutrophication and its ecosystem response显示文摘China is a country with many lakes,about one-third of which are freshwater mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Currently most of the lakes are mesotrophic or eutrophic.Lake eutrophication has become one of the major ecological and environmental problems faced by lakes in China and can lead to a series of abnormal ecosystem responses,including extinction of submerged plants,frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms,increased microbial biomass and productivity,decreased biodiversity,accelerated cycles,and a change in the efficient use of nutrients.With development of eutrophication,the whole lake ecosystem suffers decreased biodiversity,simplification of biotic community structure,instability of the ecosystem,and ultimately the clear-water,macrophyte-dominated ecosystem gradually shifts to a turbid-water,algae-dominated ecosystem.This ecosystem succession mechanism is speculated to be caused by different nutrient utilization efficiencies of macrophytes and phytoplankton.The ultimate ecosystem succession trend of seriously eutrophic lakes is that a phytoplankton-dominated autotrophic lake shifts to a heterotrophic lake dominated by micro-organisms,protozoans. | QIN BoQiang GAO Guang ZHU GuangWei ZHANG YunLin SONG YuZhi TANG XiangMing XU Hai DENG JianMing | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，9： | 63 |
| 5 | Clinical characteristics of 24 asymptomatic infections with COVID-19 screened among close contacts in Nanjing,China显示文摘Previous studies have showed clinical characteristics of patients with the 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)and the evidence of person-to-person transmission.Limited data are available for asymptomatic infections.This study aims to present the clinical characteristics of 24 cases with asymptomatic infection screened from close contacts and to show the transmission potential of asymptomatic COVID-19 virus carriers.Epidemiological investigations were conducted among all close contacts of COVID-19 patients(or suspected patients)in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,China,from Jan 28 to Feb 9,2020,both in clinic and in community.Asymptomatic carriers were laboratory-confirmed positive for the COVID-19 virus by testing the nucleic acid of the pharyngeal swab samples.Their clinical records,laboratory assessments,and chest CT scans were reviewed.As a result,none of the 24 asymptomatic cases presented any obvious symptoms while nucleic acid screening.Five cases(20.8%)developed symptoms(fever,cough,fatigue,etc.)during hospitalization.Twelve(50.0%)cases showed typical CT images of ground-glass chest and 5(20.8%)presented stripe shadowing in the lungs.The remaining 7(29.2%)cases showed normal CT image and had no symptoms during hospitalization.These 7 cases were younger(median age:14.0 years;P=0.012)than the rest.None of the 24 cases developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia or died.The median communicable period,defined as the interval from the first day of positive nucleic acid tests to the first day of continuous negative tests,was 9.5 days(up to 21 days among the 24 asymptomatic cases).Through epidemiological investigation,we observed a typical asymptomatic transmission to the cohabiting family members,which even caused severe COVID-19 pneumonia.Overall,the asymptomatic carriers identified from close contacts were prone to be mildly ill during hospitalization.However,the communicable period could be up to three weeks and the communicated patients could develop severe illness.These results highlighted the importance of close contact tracing and longitudinally surveillance via virus nucleic acid tests.Further isolation recommendation and continuous nucleic acid tests may also be recommended to the patients discharged. | Zhiliang Hu Ci Song Chuanjun Xu Guangfu Jin Yaling Chen Xin Xu Hongxia Ma Wei Chen Yuan Lin Yishan Zheng Jianming Wang Zhibin Hu Yongxiang Yi Hongbing Shen | 2020 | Science China(Life Sciences)2020，63，5： | 77 |
| 6 | The TWIST/Mi2/NuRD protein complex and its essential role in cancer metastasis显示文摘上皮间充质的转变(EMT ) 把上皮的肿瘤房间变换成侵略、变形的癌症房间,导致在癌症病人的死亡。尽管扭曲为胸和另外的癌症是 EMT 和转移的一个主人管理者,为调停扭曲的基因抄写负责的机制仍然保持未知。在这研究, TWIST 蛋白质建筑群的纯化和描述表明那扭曲与改变的 Mi2/nucleosome 和 deacetylase (Mi2/NuRD ) 的几个部件交往建筑群, MTA2, RbAp46, Mi2 和 HDAC2,和成员他们到为 transcriptional 压抑的 E-cadherin 倡导者的近似区域。从取决于的房间线高效地为转移扭曲的癌症的这些扭曲建筑群部件的弄空在老鼠在文化和肺转移压制房间移植和侵略。这些调查结果不仅提供在扭曲和 Mi2/NuRD 建筑群之间的新奇机械学、功能的连接而且为在癌症复杂的 Mi2/NuRD 的部件建立新必要角色转移。 | Junjiang Fu Li Qin Tao He Jun Qin Jun Hong Jiemin Wong Lan Liao Jianming XU | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，2： | 51 |
| 7 | Why Lake Taihu continues to be plagued with cyanobacterial blooms through 10 years(2007–2017) efforts显示文摘With the expansion of urban, industry, and agriculture after World War II, eutrophication firstly emerged as a major water quality threat in small water bodies [1]. As the increasing magnitudes and scales of nutrient pollution and habitat alteration, many of the world's large lakes exhibit symptoms of eutrophication, e.g., toxic cyanobacterial blooms, deoxygenation, and habitat loss. | Boqiang Qin Hans W.Paerl Justin D.Brookes Jianguo Liu Erik Jeppesen Guangwei Zhu Yunlin Zhang Hai Xu Kun Shi Jianming Deng | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，6： | 50 |
| 8 | T-PBFT: An EigenTrust-Based Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Consensus Algorithm显示文摘Blockchain with these characteristics of decentralized structure, transparent and credible, time-series and immutability, has been considering as a promising technology. Consensus algorithm as one of the core techniques of blockchain directly affects the scalability of blockchain systems. Existing probabilistic finality blockchain consensus algorithms such as PoW, PoS, suffer from power consumptions and low efficiency;while absolute finality blockchain consensus algorithms such as PBFT, HoneyBadgerBFT, could not meet the scalability requirement in a largescale network. In this paper, we propose a novel optimized practical Byzantine fault tolerance consensus algorithm based on EigenTrust model, namely T-PBFT, which is a multi-stage consensus algorithm. It evaluates node trust by the transactions between nodes so that the high quality of nodes in the network will be selected to construct a consensus group. To reduce the probability of view change, we propose to replace a single primary node with a primary group. By group signature and mutual supervision, we can enhance the robustness of the primary group further. Finally, we analyze T-PBFT and compare it with the other Byzantine fault tolerant consensus algorithms. Theoretical analysis shows that our T-PBFT can optimize the Byzantine fault-tolerant rate,reduce the probability of view change and communication complexity. | Sheng Gao Tianyu Yu Jianming Zhu Wei Cai | 2019 | China Communications2019，16，12： | 40 |
| 9 | Regulation of the Arabidopsis GSK3-like Kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2 through Proteasome-Mediated Protein Degradation显示文摘肝糖 synthase kinase (GSK3 ) 3 是在许多细胞的过程被含有并且被 phosphorylation 或 proteinprotein 相互作用在动物房间调整的唯一的 serine/threonine kinase。BIN2 是否定地调整发信号的 brassinosteroid (BR ) 的 Arabidopsis 象 GSK3 一样 kinase。基因研究建议 BIN2 在房间表面响应 BR 感觉被禁止在下游的目标上减轻它的禁止的效果;然而,很少对它的抑制的生物化学的机制被知道。这里,我们证明 BIN2 被调停 proteasome 的蛋白质降级调整。一个 BR 生合成禁止者和活跃 BR 的外长的申请增加了并且减少 BIN2 蛋白质的数量分别地。有趣地, gain-of-function bin2-1 变化显著地稳定 BIN2,使它无答复到导致 BR 的 BIN2 弄空。不同植物生长荷尔蒙的外长的申请表明,那 BIN2 弄空被 BR 明确地通过功能的 BR 受体导致一个 proteasome 禁止者的处理, MG132,不是仅仅阻止了导致 BR 的 BIN2 弄空而且废弃在 BIN2 kinase 活动的 BR 的禁止的效果。一起拿,我们的结果强烈建议那调停 proteasome 的蛋白质降级为限制 BIN2 活动组成重要规章的机制。 | Peng Peng Zhenyan Yan Yongyou Zhu Jianming Li | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，2： | 33 |
| 10 | Efficacy and safety of a novel anti-HER2 therapeutic antibody RC48 in patients with HER2-overexpressing,locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer:a single-arm phase II study显示文摘Background:Current treatment options for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-overexpressing gastric cancer at third-line have shown limited clinical benefit.Further,there is no specific treatment for HER2 immunohistochemistry(IHC)2+and fluorescence in-situ hybridization-negative patients.Here,we report the efficacy and safety of a novel anti-HER2 antibody RC48 for patients with HER2-overexpressing,advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer.Methods:Patients with HER2-overexpressing(IHC 2+or 3+),locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who were under at least second-line therapy were eligible and received RC482.5 mg/kg alone every 2 weeks.The primary endpoint was the objective response rate(ORR)assessed by an independent review committee.Secondary endpoints included progressionfree survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),duration of response,time to progression,disease control rate,and safety.Results:Of 179 patients screened,125 were eligible and received RC48 treatment.The ORR was 24.8%(95%confidence interval[CI]:17.5%-33.3%).The median PFS and OS were 4.1 months(95%CI:3.7-4.9 months)and 7.9 months(95%CI:6.7-9.9 months),respectively.The most frequently reported adverse events were decreased white blood cell count(53.6%),asthenia(53.6%),hair loss(53.6%),decreased neutrophil count(52.0%),anemia(49.6%),and increased aspartate aminotransferase level(43.2%).Serious adverse events(SAEs)occurred in 45(36.0%)patients,and RC48-related SAEs were mainly decreased neutrophil count(3.2%).Seven patients had adverse events that led to death were not RC48-related.Conclusions:RC48 showed promising activity with manageable safety,suggesting potential application in patients with HER2-overexpressing,advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who have previously received at least two lines of chemotherapy. | Zhi Peng Tianshu Liu Jia Wei Airong Wang Yifu He Liuzhong Yang Xizhi Zhang Nanfeng Fan Suxia Luo Zhen Li Kangsheng Gu Jianwei Lu Jianming Xu Qingxia Fan Ruihua Xu Liangming Zhang Enxiao Li Yuping Sun Guohua Yu Chunmei Bai Yong Liu Jiangzheng Zeng Jieer Ying Xinjun Liang Nong Xu Chao Gao Yongqian Shu Dong Ma Guanghai Dai Shengmian Li Ting Deng Yuehong Cui Jianmin Fang Yi Ba Lin Shen | 2021 | Cancer Communications2021，41，11： | 29 |
| 11 | Diagenetic and Mineralization Age of the Hehuaping Tin-polymetallic Orefield,Hunan Province显示文摘摘要:Hehuaping 听存款是在地质的调查期间在最近的年里发现的大存款。发现的听存款在在在泥盆纪碳酸盐岩石(Qiziqiao 形成) 和沙岩(Tiaomajian 形成) 之间的 interstratifled 破裂地区开发的差错地区,而且存款包括不仅岩石改变类型存款。发现后者类型的听存款极大地在著名 Nanling polymetallic metallogenetic 区域充实听矿化作用类型并且可以为在这个区域听存款勘探向我们提供新潜在的取向。在 Nanling 区域形成听存款应该与 Yanshanian 有关而不是 Indosinian 花岗石的 magmatism,这通常被相信。系统的锆石 U-Pb 虾在这份报纸标明日期证明听矿化作用忍受了至少二个阶段。早阶段应该与 Wangxianling 花岗石的主要身体的侵入有关,它在 Indosinian 期间是 emplaced 有 diagenetic 和 224.0 | WEI Daofang BAO Zhengyu FU Jianming CAI Minghai | 2007 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2007，81，2： | 23 |
| 12 | Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Ann-Lii Cheng Yoon-Koo Kang Zhendong Chen Chao-Jung Tsao Shukui Qin Jun Suk Kim Rongcheng Luo Jifeng Feng Shenglong Ye Tsai-Sheng Yang Jianming Xu Yan Sun Houjie Liang Jiwei Liu Jiejun Wang Won Young Tak Hongming Pan Karin Burock Jessie Zou Dimitris Volio | 2009 | Lancet Oncology2009，，1： | 23 |
| 13 | Controlling cyanobacterial blooms by managing nutrient ratio and limitation in a large hypereutrophic lake: Lake Taihu, China显示文摘Excessive nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) loading of aquatic ecosystems is a leading cause of eutrophication and harmful algal blooms worldwide, and reducing nutrient levels in water has been a primary management objective. To provide a rational protection strategy and predict future trends of eutrophication in eutrophic lakes, we need to understand the relationships between nutrient ratios and nutrient limitations. We conducted a set of outdoor bioassays at the shore of Lake Taihu. It showed that N only additions induced phytoplankton growth but adding only P did not. Combined N plus P additions promoted higher phytoplankton biomass than N only additions, which suggested that both N and P were deficient for maximum phytoplankton growth in this lake(TN:TP = 18.9). When nutrients are present at less than 7.75–13.95 mg/L TN and 0.41–0.74 mg/L TP, the deficiency of either N or P or both limits the growth of phytoplankton. N limitation then takes place when the TN:TP ratio is less than 21.5–24.7(TDN:TDP was 34.2–44.3), and P limitation occurs above this. Therefore, according to this ratio, controlling N when N limitation exists and controlling P when P deficiency is present will prevent algal blooms effectively in the short term. But for the long term, a persistent dual nutrient(N and P) management strategy is necessary. | Jianrong Ma Boqiang Qin Pan Wu Jian Zhou Cheng Niu Jianming Deng Hailin Niu | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，1： | 20 |
| 14 | Clinical characteristics and response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors of patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor mutations显示文摘Objective: To investigate the clinical features of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) harboring uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutations, and the treatment outcomes of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) in these patients.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 128 NSCLC patients pathologically diagnosed with uncommon EGFR mutation in the Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015, including 40 advanced patients who received EGFR-TKI.Results: Among the total 128 patients, 11 patients were non-adenocarcinoma, including squamous carcinoma(3.9%), adenosquamous carcinoma(2.3%), large cell carcinoma(0.8%), and composite neuroendocrine carcinoma(1.6%). Single mutations accounted for 75.0%(96/128), including G719X(29.7%), S768I(18.0%), 20 exon insertion(13.3%), L861Q(12.5%), De novo T790M(0.8%), and T725(0.8%). Thirty-two patients harbored complex mutations. Forty advanced patients received EGFR-TKI, the objective response rate(ORR) was 20.0%,the disease control rate(DCR) was 85.0%, and the progression-free survival(PFS) was 6.4 [95% confidence interval(95% CI), 4.8–7.9] months. The exploratory analysis of tumor response and PFS in 33 patients with G719X/S768I/L861 Q subtypes showed that ORR was 21.2%(7/33), the DCR was 93.9%(31/33), and PFS was 7.6(95% CI, 5.8–9.4) months. Patients with exon 20 insertion mutation and De novo T790 M experienced rapid disease progression with PFS no more than 2.7 months.Conclusions: Uncommon EGFR-mutant NSCLCs are heterogeneous, EGFR-TKIs can have different efficacy in this specific subtype, and thus further individual assessment is required for each case. | Yan Zhang Zheng Wang Xuezhi Hao Xingsheng Hu Hongyu Wang Yan Wang Jianming Ying | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2017，29，1： | 19 |
| 15 | Relations between oxygen stable isotopic ratios in precipitation and relevant meteorological factors in southwest China显示文摘The correlations of isotopic ratios in precipitation with temperature, air pressure and humidity at dif- ferent altitudes, in southwest China, are analyzed. There appear marked negative correlations for the δ 18O in precipitation with precipitation amount, vapor pressure and atmospheric precipitable water (PW) at Mengzi, Simao and Tengchong stations on synoptic timescale; the marked negative correlations between the δ 18O in precipitation and the diurnal mean temperature at 400 hPa, 500 hPa, 700 hPa and 850 hPa are different from the temperature effect in middle-high-latitude inland. Moreover, the notable positive correlation between the δ 18O in precipitation and the dew-point deficit △Td at different altitudes is found at the three stations. On annual timescale, the annual precipitation amount weighted mean δ 18O display the negative correlations not only with annual precipitation but also with annual mean temperature at 500 hPa. It can be deduced that, in the years with abnormally strong summer monsoon, more warm and wet air from low-latitude oceans is transported northward along the vapor channel located in southwest China and generates abnormally strong rainfall on the way. Meanwhile, the ab- normally strong condensation process will release more condensed latent heat into atmosphere, and lead to the rise of atmospheric temperature during rainfall, but decline of the δ 18O in precipitation. On the contrary, in the years with abnormally weak summer monsoon, the abnormally weak condensation process will release less condensed latent heat into atmosphere, and lead to the decline of atmos- pheric temperature during rainfall, but increase of the δ 18O in precipitation. | ZHANG XinPing LIU JingMiao SUN WeiZheng HUANG YiMin ZHANG JianMing | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，4： | 17 |
| 16 | Impact of meteorological conditions on a nine-day particulate matter pollution event observed in December 2013,Shanghai,China显示文摘A severe particulate matter pollution event occurred in Shanghai from 1 to 9 December 2013.The mean hourly mass concentrations of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) were 211.9 and 249.0 μg/m^3,respectively.Reanalysis data,in situ,and remote-sensing measurements were used to examine the impacts of meteorological conditions on this event.It was found that the synoptic pattern of weak pressure,the reduced planetary boundary layer height,and the passage of two cold fronts were key factors causing the event.Four stages were identified during this event based on the evolution of its PM_(2.5) levels and weather conditions.The highest concentration of PM2.5(602 μg/m^3) was observed in stage 3.High PM2.5 concentrations were closely associated with a low local ventilation index,with an average of 505m^2/s,as well as with the influx of pollutants from upstream,transported by the cold fronts. | Jianming Xu Fengxia Yan Ying Xie Fengyun Wang Jianbin Wu Qingyan Fu | 2015 | Particuology2015，13，3： | 17 |
| 17 | Human induced dryland degradation in Ordos Plateau,China,revealed by multilevel statistical modeling of normalized difference vegetation index and rainfall time-series显示文摘Land degradation causes serious environmental problems in many regions of the world,and although it can be effectively assessed and monitored using a time series of rainfall and a normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)from remotely-sensed imagery,dividing human-induced land degradation from vegetation dynamics due to climate change is not a trivial task.This paper presented a multilevel statistical modeling of the NDVI-rainfall relationship to detect human-induced land degradation at local and landscape scales in the Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia,China,and recognized that anthropogenic activities result in either positive(land restoration and re-vegetation)or negative(degradation)trends.Linear regressions were used to assess the accuracy of the multilevel statistical model.The results show that:(1)land restoration was the dominant process in the Ordos Plateau between 1998 and 2012;(2)the effect of the statistical removal of precipitation revealed areas of human-induced land degradation and improvement,the latter reflecting successful restoration projects and changes in land management in many parts of the Ordos;(3)compared to a simple linear regression,multilevel statistical modeling could be used to analyze the relationship between the NDVI and rainfall and improve the accuracy of detecting the effect of human activities.Additional factors should be included when analyzing the NDVI-rainfall relationship and detecting human-induced loss of vegetation cover in drylands to improve the accuracy of the approach and eliminate some observed non-significant residual trends. | Jing ZHANG JianMing NIU Tongliga BAO Alexander BUYANTUYEV Qing ZHANG JianJun DONG XueFeng ZHANG | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，2： | 16 |
| 18 | Prediction of permafrost changes in Northeastern China under a changing climate显示文摘Northeastern China has the second largest expanse of permafrost in China,primarily known as Xing'an-Baikal permafrost.Located on the southeastern edges of the Eurasian cryolithozone,the permafrost is thermally unstable and ecologically sensitive to external changes.The combined impacts of climatic,environmental,and anthropogenic changes cause 3-dimensional degradation of the permafrost.To predict these changes on the southern limit and ground temperature of permafrost in Northeastern China,an equivalent latitude model (ELM) for the mean annual ground surface temperature (MAGSTs) was proposed,and further improved to take into account of the influences of vegetation and snow-cover based on observational data and using the SHAW model.Using the finite element method and assuming a climate warming rate of 0.048°C a-1,the ELM was combined with the unsteady-state heat conduction model to simulate permafrost temperatures at present,and to predict those after 50 and 100 a.The results indicate that at present,sporadic permafrost occurs in the zones with MAGSTs of 1.5°C or colder,and there would still be a significant presence of permafrost in the zones with the present MAGSTs of 0.5°C or colder after 50 a,and in those of-0.5°C or colder after 100 a.Furthermore,the total areal extent of permafrost would decrease from 2.57×105 km2 at present to 1.84×105 km2 after 50 a and to 1.29×105 km2 after 100 a,i.e.,a reduction of 28.4% and 49.8% in the permafrost area,respectively.Also the permafrost would degrade more substantially in the east than in the west.Regional warming and thinning of permafrost would also occur.The area of stable permafrost (mean annual ground temperature,or MAGT≤-1.0°C) would decrease from present 1.07×105 to 8.8×104 km2 after 50 a,and further decrease to 5.6×104 km2 after 100 a.As a result,the unstable permafrost and seasonally frozen ground would expand,and the southern limit of permafrost would shift significantly northwards.The changes in the permafrost environment may adversely affect on ecological environments and engineering infrastructures in cold regions.Avoidance of unnecessary anthropogenic changes in permafrost conditions is a practical approach to protect the permafrost environment. | WEI Zhi JIN HuiJun ZHANG JianMing YU ShaoPeng HAN XuJun JI YanJun HE RuiXia CHANG XiaoLi | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，6： | 15 |
| 19 | Application of next-generation sequencing technology to precision medicine in cancer: joint consensus of the Tumor Biomarker Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology显示文摘Next-generation sequencing(NGS) technology is capable of sequencing millions or billions of DNA molecules simultaneously.Therefore, it represents a promising tool for the analysis of molecular targets for the initial diagnosis of disease, monitoring of disease progression, and identifying the mechanism of drug resistance. On behalf of the Tumor Biomarker Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO) and the China Actionable Genome Consortium(CAGC), the present expert group hereby proposes advisory guidelines on clinical applications of NGS technology for the analysis of cancer driver genes for precision cancer therapy. This group comprises an assembly of laboratory cancer geneticists, clinical oncologists, bioinformaticians,pathologists, and other professionals. After multiple rounds of discussions and revisions, the expert group has reached a preliminary consensus on the need of NGS in clinical diagnosis, its regulation, and compliance standards in clinical sample collection. Moreover, it has prepared NGS criteria, the sequencing standard operation procedure(SOP), data analysis, report, and NGS platform certification and validation. | Xuchao Zhang Zhiyong Liang Shengyue Wang Shun Lu Yong Song Ying Cheng Jianming Ying Weiping Liu Yingyong Hou Yangqiu Li Yi Liu Jun Hou Xiufeng Liu Jianyong Shao Yanhong Tai Zheng Wang Li Fu Hui Li Xiaojun Zhou Hua Bai Mengzhao Wang You Lu Jinji Yang Wenzhao Zhong Qing Zhou Xuening Yang Jie Wang Cheng Huang Xiaoqing Liu Xiaoyan Zhou Shirong Zhang Hongxia Tian Yu Chen Ruibao Ren Ning Liao Chunyan Wu Zhongzheng Zhu Hongming Pan Yanhong Gu Liwei Wang Yunpeng Liu Suzhan Zhang Tianshu Liu Gong Chen Zhimin Shao Binghe Xu Qingyuan Zhang Ruihua Xu Lin Shen Yilong Wu | 2019 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2019，16，1： | 14 |
| 20 | Discussion on the extensions of the entransy theory显示文摘In this paper,the preconditions forthe extensions of the entransy theory are summarized and discussed.As the physical meaning | CHENG XueTao ZHAO JianMing LIANG XinGang | 2017 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2017，60，3： | 13 |
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